fftools: Fix MediaCodec on Android15+

On Android15+ MediaCodec HAL backend was switched from HIDL to AIDL.
As a result, MediaCodec operations started to hang, see:

    https://trac.ffmpeg.org/ticket/11363
    https://github.com/termux/termux-packages/issues/21264
    https://issuetracker.google.com/issues/382831999

To fix that it is necessary to initialize binder thread pool.

Signed-off-by: Dmitrii Okunev <xaionaro@dx.center>

compat/android/binder.c

@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+/*
+ * Android Binder handler
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2025 Dmitrii Okunev
+ *
+ * This file is part of FFmpeg.
+ *
+ * FFmpeg is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+ * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
+ * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
+ * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * FFmpeg is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+ * Lesser General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+ * License along with FFmpeg; if not, write to the Free Software
+ * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+ */
+
+
+#if defined(__ANDROID__)
+
+#include <dlfcn.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+
+#include "libavutil/log.h"
+#include "binder.h"
+
+#define THREAD_POOL_SIZE 1
+
+static void *dlopen_libbinder_ndk(void)
+{
+    /*
+     * libbinder_ndk.so often does not contain the functions we need, so making
+     * this dependency optional, thus using dlopen/dlsym instead of linking.
+     *
+     * See also: https://source.android.com/docs/core/architecture/aidl/aidl-backends
+     */
+
+    void *h = dlopen("libbinder_ndk.so", RTLD_NOW | RTLD_LOCAL);
+    if (h != NULL)
+        return h;
+
+    av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_WARNING,
+           "android/binder: unable to load libbinder_ndk.so: '%s'; skipping binder threadpool init (MediaCodec likely won't work)\n",
+           dlerror());
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+static void android_binder_threadpool_init(void)
+{
+    typedef int (*set_thread_pool_max_fn)(uint32_t);
+    typedef void (*start_thread_pool_fn)(void);
+
+    set_thread_pool_max_fn set_thread_pool_max = NULL;
+    start_thread_pool_fn start_thread_pool = NULL;
+
+    void *h = dlopen_libbinder_ndk();
+    if (h == NULL)
+        return;
+
+    unsigned thead_pool_size = THREAD_POOL_SIZE;
+
+    set_thread_pool_max =
+        (set_thread_pool_max_fn) dlsym(h,
+                                       "ABinderProcess_setThreadPoolMaxThreadCount");
+    start_thread_pool =
+        (start_thread_pool_fn) dlsym(h, "ABinderProcess_startThreadPool");
+
+    if (start_thread_pool == NULL) {
+        av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_WARNING,
+               "android/binder: ABinderProcess_startThreadPool not found; skipping threadpool init (MediaCodec likely won't work)\n");
+        return;
+    }
+
+    if (set_thread_pool_max != NULL) {
+        int ok = set_thread_pool_max(thead_pool_size);
+        av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_DEBUG,
+               "android/binder: ABinderProcess_setThreadPoolMaxThreadCount(%u) => %s\n",
+               thead_pool_size, ok ? "ok" : "fail");
+    } else {
+        av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_DEBUG,
+               "android/binder: ABinderProcess_setThreadPoolMaxThreadCount is unavailable; using the library default\n");
+    }
+
+    start_thread_pool();
+    av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_DEBUG,
+           "android/binder: ABinderProcess_startThreadPool() called\n");
+}
+
+void android_binder_threadpool_init_if_required(void)
+{
+#if __ANDROID_API__ >= 24
+    if (android_get_device_api_level() < 35) {
+        // the issue with the thread pool was introduced in Android 15 (API 35)
+        av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_DEBUG,
+               "android/binder: API<35, thus no need to initialize a thread pool\n");
+        return;
+    }
+    android_binder_threadpool_init();
+#else
+    // android_get_device_api_level was introduced in API 24, so we cannot use it
+    // to detect the API level in API<24. For simplicity we just assume
+    // libbinder_ndk.so on the system running this code would have API level < 35;
+    av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_DEBUG,
+           "android/binder: is built with API<24, assuming this is not Android 15+\n");
+#endif
+}
+
+#endif                          /* __ANDROID__ */

compat/android/binder.h

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+/*
+ * Android Binder handler
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2025 Dmitrii Okunev
+ *
+ * This file is part of FFmpeg.
+ *
+ * FFmpeg is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+ * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
+ * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
+ * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * FFmpeg is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+ * Lesser General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+ * License along with FFmpeg; if not, write to the Free Software
+ * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+ */
+
+#ifndef COMPAT_ANDROID_BINDER_H
+#define COMPAT_ANDROID_BINDER_H
+
+/**
+ * Initialize Android Binder thread pool.
+ */
+void android_binder_threadpool_init_if_required(void);
+
+#endif                          // COMPAT_ANDROID_BINDER_H

configure

@@ -7312,7 +7312,8 @@ enabled mbedtls           && { check_pkg_config mbedtls mbedtls mbedtls/x509_crt
                                check_pkg_config mbedtls mbedtls mbedtls/ssl.h mbedtls_ssl_init ||
                                check_lib mbedtls mbedtls/ssl.h mbedtls_ssl_init -lmbedtls -lmbedx509 -lmbedcrypto ||
                                die "ERROR: mbedTLS not found"; }
-enabled mediacodec        && { enabled jni || die "ERROR: mediacodec requires --enable-jni"; }
+enabled mediacodec        && { enabled jni || die "ERROR: mediacodec requires --enable-jni"; } &&
+                               add_compat android/binder.o
 enabled mmal              && { check_lib mmal interface/mmal/mmal.h mmal_port_connect -lmmal_core -lmmal_util -lmmal_vc_client -lbcm_host ||
                                { ! enabled cross_compile &&
                                  add_cflags -isystem/opt/vc/include/ -isystem/opt/vc/include/interface/vmcs_host/linux -isystem/opt/vc/include/interface/vcos/pthreads -fgnu89-inline &&

fftools/Makefile

@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@ OBJS-ffprobe +=                       \
     fftools/textformat/tw_buffer.o    \
     fftools/textformat/tw_stdout.o    \
 
+OBJS-ffmpeg += $(COMPAT_OBJS:%=compat/%)
 OBJS-ffplay += fftools/ffplay_renderer.o
 
 define DOFFTOOL

fftools/ffmpeg.c

@@ -78,6 +78,9 @@
 #include "libavdevice/avdevice.h"
 
 #include "cmdutils.h"
+#if CONFIG_MEDIACODEC
+#include "compat/android/binder.h"
+#endif
 #include "ffmpeg.h"
 #include "ffmpeg_sched.h"
 #include "ffmpeg_utils.h"
@@ -1019,6 +1022,10 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
         goto finish;
     }
 
+#if CONFIG_MEDIACODEC
+    android_binder_threadpool_init_if_required();
+#endif
+
     current_time = ti = get_benchmark_time_stamps();
     ret = transcode(sch);
     if (ret >= 0 && do_benchmark) {

libavformat/mov.c

@@ -1075,6 +1075,40 @@ fail:
 }
 #endif
 
+static int mov_read_srat(MOVContext *c, AVIOContext *pb, MOVAtom atom)
+{
+    AVStream *st;
+    int32_t sample_rate;
+
+    if (atom.size < 8 || c->fc->nb_streams < 1)
+        return 0;
+
+    st = c->fc->streams[c->fc->nb_streams-1];
+    if (st->codecpar->codec_type != AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO) {
+        av_log(c->fc, AV_LOG_WARNING, "'srat' within non-audio sample entry, skip\n");
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    if (!c->isom) {
+        av_log(c->fc, AV_LOG_WARNING, "'srat' within non-isom, skip\n");
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    avio_skip(pb, 4); // version+flags
+    sample_rate = avio_rb32(pb);
+    if (sample_rate > 0) {
+        av_log(c->fc, AV_LOG_DEBUG,
+               "overwrite sample rate from %d to %d by 'srat'\n",
+               st->codecpar->sample_rate, sample_rate);
+        st->codecpar->sample_rate = sample_rate;
+    } else {
+        av_log(c->fc, AV_LOG_WARNING,
+               "ignore invalid sample rate %d in 'srat'\n", sample_rate);
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
 static int mov_read_dec3(MOVContext *c, AVIOContext *pb, MOVAtom atom)
 {
     AVStream *st;
@@ -2678,12 +2712,18 @@ static void mov_parse_stsd_video(MOVContext *c, AVIOContext *pb,
      * read in ff_mov_read_stsd_entries() */
     stsd_start = avio_tell(pb) - 16;
 
+    if (c->isom) {
+        avio_skip(pb, 2);  /* pre_defined */
+        avio_skip(pb, 2);  /* reserved */
+        avio_skip(pb, 12); /* pre_defined */
+    } else {
     avio_rb16(pb); /* version */
     avio_rb16(pb); /* revision level */
     id = avio_rl32(pb); /* vendor */
     av_dict_set(&st->metadata, "vendor_id", av_fourcc2str(id), 0);
     avio_rb32(pb); /* temporal quality */
     avio_rb32(pb); /* spatial quality */
+    }
 
     st->codecpar->width  = avio_rb16(pb); /* width */
     st->codecpar->height = avio_rb16(pb); /* height */
@@ -2733,9 +2773,13 @@ static void mov_parse_stsd_audio(MOVContext *c, AVIOContext *pb,
     AVDictionaryEntry *compatible_brands = av_dict_get(c->fc->metadata, "compatible_brands", NULL, AV_DICT_MATCH_CASE);
     int channel_count;
 
+    if (c->isom)
+        avio_skip(pb, 6); /* reserved */
+    else {
     avio_rb16(pb); /* revision level */
     id = avio_rl32(pb); /* vendor */
     av_dict_set(&st->metadata, "vendor_id", av_fourcc2str(id), 0);
+    }
 
     channel_count = avio_rb16(pb);
 
@@ -9479,6 +9523,7 @@ static const MOVParseTableEntry mov_default_parse_table[] = {
 #if CONFIG_IAMFDEC
 { MKTAG('i','a','c','b'), mov_read_iacb },
 #endif
+{ MKTAG('s','r','a','t'), mov_read_srat },
 { 0, NULL }
 };
 

tests/ref/fate/h264-bsf-redundant-pps-side-data

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-92fe70291f72acf94ba56b426bbaccb0 *tests/data/fate/h264-bsf-redundant-pps-side-data.nut
+18c64ec6b4f0cc39c5f8f3564b372fef *tests/data/fate/h264-bsf-redundant-pps-side-data.nut
-596100 tests/data/fate/h264-bsf-redundant-pps-side-data.nut
+596084 tests/data/fate/h264-bsf-redundant-pps-side-data.nut
 #extradata 0:       34, 0x850408e3
 #tb 0: 1/48000
 #media_type 0: video

tests/ref/fate/h264-bsf-redundant-pps-side-data2

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-dd953f8d95d2927703ce9593a07fe2e7 *tests/data/fate/h264-bsf-redundant-pps-side-data2.nut
+f94ed2c25b6bbe63160743f08de33665 *tests/data/fate/h264-bsf-redundant-pps-side-data2.nut
-5162 tests/data/fate/h264-bsf-redundant-pps-side-data2.nut
+5138 tests/data/fate/h264-bsf-redundant-pps-side-data2.nut
 #tb 0: 1/25
 #media_type 0: video
 #codec_id 0: rawvideo

tests/ref/fate/matroska-alac-remux

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-90c54a00ad8662c3eb93150791fa8328 *tests/data/fate/matroska-alac-remux.matroska
+6075eb35f53692596194f3b0175cb184 *tests/data/fate/matroska-alac-remux.matroska
-1293824 tests/data/fate/matroska-alac-remux.matroska
+1293794 tests/data/fate/matroska-alac-remux.matroska
 #extradata 0:       36, 0x562b05d8
 #tb 0: 1/1000
 #media_type 0: audio

tests/ref/fate/matroska-dovi-write-config7

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-7adef53df9e14358e0b99f8a829e2d97 *tests/data/fate/matroska-dovi-write-config7.matroska
+adafbb4d021db027f4ae4ef7ca1c56c2 *tests/data/fate/matroska-dovi-write-config7.matroska
-72700 tests/data/fate/matroska-dovi-write-config7.matroska
+72640 tests/data/fate/matroska-dovi-write-config7.matroska
 #extradata 0:      116, 0x2b8d1669
 #extradata 1:      116, 0x2b8d1669
 #tb 0: 1/1000

tests/ref/fate/mov-mp4-iamf-5_1_4

@@ -160,7 +160,6 @@ DISPOSITION:still_image=0
 DISPOSITION:multilayer=0
 TAG:language=und
 TAG:handler_name=SoundHandler
-TAG:vendor_id=[0][0][0][0]
 [STREAM]
 index=0
 id=0x0
@@ -395,7 +394,6 @@ DISPOSITION:still_image=0
 DISPOSITION:multilayer=0
 TAG:language=und
 TAG:handler_name=SoundHandler
-TAG:vendor_id=[0][0][0][0]
 [STREAM]
 index=0
 id=0x0

tests/ref/fate/mov-mp4-iamf-7_1_4-video-first

@@ -207,7 +207,6 @@ DISPOSITION:still_image=0
 DISPOSITION:multilayer=0
 TAG:language=und
 TAG:handler_name=SoundHandler
-TAG:vendor_id=[0][0][0][0]
 [STREAM]
 index=1
 id=0x2
@@ -465,7 +464,6 @@ DISPOSITION:still_image=0
 DISPOSITION:multilayer=0
 TAG:language=und
 TAG:handler_name=SoundHandler
-TAG:vendor_id=[0][0][0][0]
 [STREAM]
 index=1
 id=0x2

tests/ref/fate/mov-mp4-iamf-7_1_4-video-last

@@ -207,7 +207,6 @@ DISPOSITION:still_image=0
 DISPOSITION:multilayer=0
 TAG:language=und
 TAG:handler_name=SoundHandler
-TAG:vendor_id=[0][0][0][0]
 [STREAM]
 index=0
 id=0x9
@@ -465,7 +464,6 @@ DISPOSITION:still_image=0
 DISPOSITION:multilayer=0
 TAG:language=und
 TAG:handler_name=SoundHandler
-TAG:vendor_id=[0][0][0][0]
 [STREAM]
 index=0
 id=0x9

tests/ref/fate/mov-mp4-iamf-ambisonic_1

@@ -99,7 +99,6 @@ DISPOSITION:still_image=0
 DISPOSITION:multilayer=0
 TAG:language=und
 TAG:handler_name=SoundHandler
-TAG:vendor_id=[0][0][0][0]
 [STREAM]
 index=0
 id=0x0
@@ -264,7 +263,6 @@ DISPOSITION:still_image=0
 DISPOSITION:multilayer=0
 TAG:language=und
 TAG:handler_name=SoundHandler
-TAG:vendor_id=[0][0][0][0]
 [STREAM]
 index=0
 id=0x0

tests/ref/fate/mov-mp4-iamf-stereo

@@ -52,7 +52,6 @@ DISPOSITION:still_image=0
 DISPOSITION:multilayer=0
 TAG:language=und
 TAG:handler_name=SoundHandler
-TAG:vendor_id=[0][0][0][0]
 [STREAM]
 index=0
 id=0x0
@@ -187,7 +186,6 @@ DISPOSITION:still_image=0
 DISPOSITION:multilayer=0
 TAG:language=und
 TAG:handler_name=SoundHandler
-TAG:vendor_id=[0][0][0][0]
 [STREAM]
 index=0
 id=0x0