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---
layout: default
title: CSS
slug: css
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lead: "Global CSS settings, fundamental HTML elements styled and enhanced with extensible classes, and an advanced grid system."
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---
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<!-- Global Bootstrap settings
================================================== -->
< div class = "bs-docs-section" >
< h1 id = "overview" class = "page-header" > Overview< / h1 >
< p class = "lead" > Get the lowdown on the key pieces of Bootstrap's infrastructure, including our approach to better, faster, stronger web development.< / p >
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< h3 id = "overview-doctype" > HTML5 doctype< / h3 >
< p > Bootstrap makes use of certain HTML elements and CSS properties that require the use of the HTML5 doctype. Include it at the beginning of all your projects.< / p >
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{% highlight html %}
<!DOCTYPE html>
< html lang = "en" >
...
< / html >
{% endhighlight %}
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< h3 id = "overview-mobile" > Mobile first< / h3 >
< p > With Bootstrap 2, we added optional mobile friendly styles for key aspects of the framework. With Bootstrap 3, we've rewritten the project to be mobile friendly from the start. Instead of adding on optional mobile styles, they're baked right into the core. In fact, < strong > Bootstrap is mobile first< / strong > . Mobile first styles can be found throughout the entire library instead of in separate files.< / p >
< p > To ensure proper rendering and touch zooming, < strong > add the viewport meta tag< / strong > to your < code > < head> < / code > .< / p >
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{% highlight html %}
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< meta name = "viewport" content = "width=device-width, initial-scale=1" >
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{% endhighlight %}
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< p > You can disable zooming capabilities on mobile devices by adding < code > user-scalable=no< / code > to the viewport meta tag. This disables zooming, meaning users are only able to scroll, and results in your site feeling a bit more like a native application. Overall, we don't recommend this on every site, so use caution!< / p >
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{% highlight html %}
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< meta name = "viewport" content = "width=device-width, initial-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no" >
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{% endhighlight %}
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< h3 id = "overview-type-links" > Typography and links< / h3 >
< p > Bootstrap sets basic global display, typography, and link styles. Specifically, we:< / p >
< ul >
< li > Set < code > background-color: #fff;< / code > on the < code > body< / code > < / li >
< li > Use the < code > @font-family-base< / code > , < code > @font-size-base< / code > , and < code > @line-height-base< / code > attributes as our typographic base< / li >
< li > Set the global link color via < code > @link-color< / code > and apply link underlines only on < code > :hover< / code > < / li >
< / ul >
< p > These styles can be found within < code > scaffolding.less< / code > .< / p >
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< h3 id = "overview-normalize" > Normalize.css< / h3 >
< p > For improved cross-browser rendering, we use < a href = "http://necolas.github.io/normalize.css/" target = "_blank" > Normalize.css< / a > , a project by < a href = "http://twitter.com/necolas" target = "_blank" > Nicolas Gallagher< / a > and < a href = "http://twitter.com/jon_neal" target = "_blank" > Jonathan Neal< / a > .< / p >
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< h3 id = "overview-container" > Containers< / h3 >
< p > Easily center a page's contents by wrapping its contents in a < code > .container< / code > . Containers set < code > width< / code > at various media query breakpoints to match our grid system.< / p >
< p > Note that, due to < code > padding< / code > and fixed widths, containers are not nestable by default.< / p >
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{% highlight html %}
< div class = "container" >
...
< / div >
{% endhighlight %}
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< / div >
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<!-- Grid system
================================================== -->
< div class = "bs-docs-section" >
< h1 id = "grid" class = "page-header" > Grid system< / h1 >
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< p class = "lead" > Bootstrap includes a responsive, mobile first fluid grid system that appropriately scales up to 12 columns as the device or viewport size increases. It includes < a href = "#grid-example-basic" > predefined classes< / a > for easy layout options, as well as powerful < a href = "#grid-less" > mixins for generating more semantic layouts< / a > .< / p >
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< h3 id = "grid-intro" > Introduction< / h3 >
< p > Grid systems are used for creating page layouts through a series of rows and columns that house your content. Here's how the Bootstrap grid system works:< / p >
< ul >
< li > Rows must be placed within a < code > .container< / code > (fixed-width) or < code > .container-fluid< / code > (full-width) for proper alignment and padding.< / li >
< li > Use rows to create horizontal groups of columns.< / li >
< li > Content should be placed within columns, and only columns may be immediate children of rows.< / li >
< li > Predefined grid classes like < code > .row< / code > and < code > .col-xs-4< / code > are available for quickly making grid layouts. Less mixins can also be used for more semantic layouts.< / li >
< li > Columns create gutters (gaps between column content) via < code > padding< / code > . That padding is offset in rows for the first and last column via negative margin on < code > .row< / code > s.< / li >
< li > Grid columns are created by specifying the number of twelve available columns you wish to span. For example, three equal columns would use three < code > .col-xs-4< / code > .< / li >
< / ul >
< p > Look to the examples for applying these principles to your code.< / p >
< h3 id = "grid-media-queries" > Media queries< / h3 >
< p > We use the following media queries in our Less files to create the key breakpoints in our grid system.< / p >
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{% highlight scss %}
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/* Extra small devices (phones, less than 768px) */
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/* No media query since this is the default in Bootstrap */
/* Small devices (tablets, 768px and up) */
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@media (min-width: @screen-sm-min) { ... }
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/* Medium devices (desktops, 992px and up) */
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@media (min-width: @screen-md-min) { ... }
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/* Large devices (large desktops, 1200px and up) */
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@media (min-width: @screen-lg-min) { ... }
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{% endhighlight %}
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< p > We occasionally expand on these media queries to include a < code > max-width< / code > to limit CSS to a narrower set of devices.< / p >
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{% highlight scss %}
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@media (max-width: @screen-xs-max) { ... }
@media (min-width: @screen-sm-min) and (max-width: @screen-sm-max) { ... }
@media (min-width: @screen-md-min) and (max-width: @screen-md-max) { ... }
@media (min-width: @screen-lg-min) { ... }
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{% endhighlight %}
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< h3 id = "grid-options" > Grid options< / h3 >
< p > See how aspects of the Bootstrap grid system work across multiple devices with a handy table.< / p >
< div class = "table-responsive" >
< table class = "table table-bordered table-striped" >
< thead >
< tr >
< th > < / th >
< th >
Extra small devices
< small > Phones (< 768px)< / small >
< / th >
< th >
Small devices
< small > Tablets (≥ 768px)< / small >
< / th >
< th >
Medium devices
< small > Desktops (≥ 992px)< / small >
< / th >
< th >
Large devices
< small > Desktops (≥ 1200px)< / small >
< / th >
< / tr >
< / thead >
< tbody >
< tr >
< th > Grid behavior< / th >
< td > Horizontal at all times< / td >
< td colspan = "3" > Collapsed to start, horizontal above breakpoints< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< th > Container width< / th >
< td > None (auto)< / td >
< td > 750px< / td >
< td > 970px< / td >
< td > 1170px< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< th > Class prefix< / th >
< td > < code > .col-xs-< / code > < / td >
< td > < code > .col-sm-< / code > < / td >
< td > < code > .col-md-< / code > < / td >
< td > < code > .col-lg-< / code > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< th > # of columns< / th >
< td colspan = "4" > 12< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< th > Column width< / th >
< td class = "text-muted" > Auto< / td >
< td > 60px< / td >
< td > 78px< / td >
< td > 95px< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< th > Gutter width< / th >
< td colspan = "4" > 30px (15px on each side of a column)< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< th > Nestable< / th >
< td colspan = "4" > Yes< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< th > Offsets< / th >
< td colspan = "4" > Yes< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< th > Column ordering< / th >
< td colspan = "4" > Yes< / td >
< / tr >
< / tbody >
< / table >
< / div >
< p > Grid classes apply to devices with screen widths greater than or equal to the breakpoint sizes, and override grid classes targeted at smaller devices. Therefore, applying any < code > .col-md-< / code > class to an element will not only affect its styling on medium devices but also on large devices if a < code > .col-lg-< / code > class is not present.< / p >
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< h3 id = "grid-example-basic" > Example: Stacked-to-horizontal< / h3 >
< p > Using a single set of < code > .col-md-*< / code > grid classes, you can create a basic grid system that starts out stacked on mobile devices and tablet devices (the extra small to small range) before becoming horizontal on desktop (medium) devices. Place grid columns in any < code > .row< / code > .< / p >
< div class = "bs-docs-grid" >
< div class = "row show-grid" >
< div class = "col-md-1" > .col-md-1< / div >
< div class = "col-md-1" > .col-md-1< / div >
< div class = "col-md-1" > .col-md-1< / div >
< div class = "col-md-1" > .col-md-1< / div >
< div class = "col-md-1" > .col-md-1< / div >
< div class = "col-md-1" > .col-md-1< / div >
< div class = "col-md-1" > .col-md-1< / div >
< div class = "col-md-1" > .col-md-1< / div >
< div class = "col-md-1" > .col-md-1< / div >
< div class = "col-md-1" > .col-md-1< / div >
< div class = "col-md-1" > .col-md-1< / div >
< div class = "col-md-1" > .col-md-1< / div >
< / div >
< div class = "row show-grid" >
< div class = "col-md-8" > .col-md-8< / div >
< div class = "col-md-4" > .col-md-4< / div >
< / div >
< div class = "row show-grid" >
< div class = "col-md-4" > .col-md-4< / div >
< div class = "col-md-4" > .col-md-4< / div >
< div class = "col-md-4" > .col-md-4< / div >
< / div >
< div class = "row show-grid" >
< div class = "col-md-6" > .col-md-6< / div >
< div class = "col-md-6" > .col-md-6< / div >
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< / div >
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< / div >
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{% highlight html %}
< div class = "row" >
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< div class = "col-md-1" > .col-md-1< / div >
< div class = "col-md-1" > .col-md-1< / div >
< div class = "col-md-1" > .col-md-1< / div >
< div class = "col-md-1" > .col-md-1< / div >
< div class = "col-md-1" > .col-md-1< / div >
< div class = "col-md-1" > .col-md-1< / div >
< div class = "col-md-1" > .col-md-1< / div >
< div class = "col-md-1" > .col-md-1< / div >
< div class = "col-md-1" > .col-md-1< / div >
< div class = "col-md-1" > .col-md-1< / div >
< div class = "col-md-1" > .col-md-1< / div >
< div class = "col-md-1" > .col-md-1< / div >
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< / div >
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< div class = "row" >
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< div class = "col-md-8" > .col-md-8< / div >
< div class = "col-md-4" > .col-md-4< / div >
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< / div >
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< div class = "row" >
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< div class = "col-md-4" > .col-md-4< / div >
< div class = "col-md-4" > .col-md-4< / div >
< div class = "col-md-4" > .col-md-4< / div >
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< / div >
< div class = "row" >
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< div class = "col-md-6" > .col-md-6< / div >
< div class = "col-md-6" > .col-md-6< / div >
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< / div >
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{% endhighlight %}
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< h3 id = "grid-example-fluid" > Example: Fluid container< / h3 >
< p > Turn any fixed-width grid layout into a full-width layout by changing your outermost < code > .container< / code > to < code > .container-fluid< / code > .< / p >
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{% highlight html %}
< div class = "container-fluid" >
< div class = "row" >
...
< / div >
< / div >
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{% endhighlight %}
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< h3 id = "grid-example-mixed" > Example: Mobile and desktop< / h3 >
< p > Don't want your columns to simply stack in smaller devices? Use the extra small and medium device grid classes by adding < code > .col-xs-*< / code > < code > .col-md-*< / code > to your columns. See the example below for a better idea of how it all works.< / p >
< div class = "bs-docs-grid" >
< div class = "row show-grid" >
< div class = "col-xs-12 col-md-8" > .col-xs-12 .col-md-8< / div >
< div class = "col-xs-6 col-md-4" > .col-xs-6 .col-md-4< / div >
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< / div >
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< div class = "row show-grid" >
< div class = "col-xs-6 col-md-4" > .col-xs-6 .col-md-4< / div >
< div class = "col-xs-6 col-md-4" > .col-xs-6 .col-md-4< / div >
< div class = "col-xs-6 col-md-4" > .col-xs-6 .col-md-4< / div >
< / div >
< div class = "row show-grid" >
< div class = "col-xs-6" > .col-xs-6< / div >
< div class = "col-xs-6" > .col-xs-6< / div >
< / div >
< / div >
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{% highlight html %}
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<!-- Stack the columns on mobile by making one full - width and the other half - width -->
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< div class = "row" >
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< div class = "col-xs-12 col-md-8" > .col-xs-12 .col-md-8< / div >
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< div class = "col-xs-6 col-md-4" > .col-xs-6 .col-md-4< / div >
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< / div >
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<!-- Columns start at 50% wide on mobile and bump up to 33.3% wide on desktop -->
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< div class = "row" >
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< div class = "col-xs-6 col-md-4" > .col-xs-6 .col-md-4< / div >
< div class = "col-xs-6 col-md-4" > .col-xs-6 .col-md-4< / div >
< div class = "col-xs-6 col-md-4" > .col-xs-6 .col-md-4< / div >
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< / div >
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<!-- Columns are always 50% wide, on mobile and desktop -->
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< div class = "row" >
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< div class = "col-xs-6" > .col-xs-6< / div >
< div class = "col-xs-6" > .col-xs-6< / div >
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< / div >
{% endhighlight %}
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< h3 id = "grid-example-mixed-complete" > Example: Mobile, tablet, desktops< / h3 >
< p > Build on the previous example by creating even more dynamic and powerful layouts with tablet < code > .col-sm-*< / code > classes.< / p >
< div class = "bs-docs-grid" >
< div class = "row show-grid" >
< div class = "col-xs-12 col-sm-6 col-md-8" > .col-xs-12 .col-sm-6 .col-md-8< / div >
< div class = "col-xs-6 col-md-4" > .col-xs-6 .col-md-4< / div >
< / div >
< div class = "row show-grid" >
< div class = "col-xs-6 col-sm-4" > .col-xs-6 .col-sm-4< / div >
< div class = "col-xs-6 col-sm-4" > .col-xs-6 .col-sm-4< / div >
<!-- Optional: clear the XS cols if their content doesn't match in height -->
< div class = "clearfix visible-xs" > < / div >
< div class = "col-xs-6 col-sm-4" > .col-xs-6 .col-sm-4< / div >
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< / div >
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< / div >
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{% highlight html %}
< div class = "row" >
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< div class = "col-xs-12 col-sm-6 col-md-8" > .col-xs-12 .col-sm-6 .col-md-8< / div >
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< div class = "col-xs-6 col-md-4" > .col-xs-6 .col-md-4< / div >
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< / div >
< div class = "row" >
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< div class = "col-xs-6 col-sm-4" > .col-xs-6 .col-sm-4< / div >
< div class = "col-xs-6 col-sm-4" > .col-xs-6 .col-sm-4< / div >
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<!-- Optional: clear the XS cols if their content doesn't match in height -->
< div class = "clearfix visible-xs" > < / div >
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< div class = "col-xs-6 col-sm-4" > .col-xs-6 .col-sm-4< / div >
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< / div >
{% endhighlight %}
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< h3 id = "grid-responsive-resets" > Responsive column resets< / h3 >
< p > With the four tiers of grids available you're bound to run into issues where, at certain breakpoints, your columns don't clear quite right as one is taller than the other. To fix that, use a combination of a < code > .clearfix< / code > and our < a href = "#responsive-utilities" > responsive utility classes< / a > .< / p >
< div class = "bs-docs-grid" >
< div class = "row show-grid" >
< div class = "col-xs-6 col-sm-3" >
.col-xs-6 .col-sm-3
< br >
Resize your viewport or check it out on your phone for an example.
< / div >
< div class = "col-xs-6 col-sm-3" > .col-xs-6 .col-sm-3< / div >
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<!-- Add the extra clearfix for only the required viewport -->
< div class = "clearfix visible-xs" > < / div >
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< div class = "col-xs-6 col-sm-3" > .col-xs-6 .col-sm-3< / div >
< div class = "col-xs-6 col-sm-3" > .col-xs-6 .col-sm-3< / div >
< / div >
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< / div >
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{% highlight html %}
< div class = "row" >
< div class = "col-xs-6 col-sm-3" > .col-xs-6 .col-sm-3< / div >
< div class = "col-xs-6 col-sm-3" > .col-xs-6 .col-sm-3< / div >
<!-- Add the extra clearfix for only the required viewport -->
< div class = "clearfix visible-xs" > < / div >
< div class = "col-xs-6 col-sm-3" > .col-xs-6 .col-sm-3< / div >
< div class = "col-xs-6 col-sm-3" > .col-xs-6 .col-sm-3< / div >
< / div >
{% endhighlight %}
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< p > In addition to column clearing at responsive breakpoints, you may need to < strong > reset offsets, pushes, or pulls< / strong > . See this in action in < a href = "../examples/grid/" > the grid example< / a > .< / p >
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{% highlight html %}
< div class = "row" >
< div class = "col-sm-5 col-md-6" > .col-sm-5 .col-md-6< / div >
< div class = "col-sm-5 col-sm-offset-2 col-md-6 col-md-offset-0" > .col-sm-5 .col-sm-offset-2 .col-md-6 .col-md-offset-0< / div >
< / div >
< div class = "row" >
< div class = "col-sm-6 col-md-5 col-lg-6" > .col-sm-6 .col-md-5 .col-lg-6< / div >
< div class = "col-sm-6 col-md-5 col-md-offset-2 col-lg-6 col-lg-offset-0" > .col-sm-6 .col-md-5 .col-md-offset-2 .col-lg-6 .col-lg-offset-0< / div >
< / div >
{% endhighlight %}
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< h3 id = "grid-offsetting" > Offsetting columns< / h3 >
< p > Move columns to the right using < code > .col-md-offset-*< / code > classes. These classes increase the left margin of a column by < code > *< / code > columns. For example, < code > .col-md-offset-4< / code > moves < code > .col-md-4< / code > over four columns.< / p >
< div class = "bs-docs-grid" >
< div class = "row show-grid" >
< div class = "col-md-4" > .col-md-4< / div >
< div class = "col-md-4 col-md-offset-4" > .col-md-4 .col-md-offset-4< / div >
< / div >
< div class = "row show-grid" >
< div class = "col-md-3 col-md-offset-3" > .col-md-3 .col-md-offset-3< / div >
< div class = "col-md-3 col-md-offset-3" > .col-md-3 .col-md-offset-3< / div >
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< / div >
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< div class = "row show-grid" >
< div class = "col-md-6 col-md-offset-3" > .col-md-6 .col-md-offset-3< / div >
< / div >
< / div >
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{% highlight html %}
< div class = "row" >
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< div class = "col-md-4" > .col-md-4< / div >
< div class = "col-md-4 col-md-offset-4" > .col-md-4 .col-md-offset-4< / div >
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< / div >
< div class = "row" >
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< div class = "col-md-3 col-md-offset-3" > .col-md-3 .col-md-offset-3< / div >
< div class = "col-md-3 col-md-offset-3" > .col-md-3 .col-md-offset-3< / div >
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< / div >
< div class = "row" >
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< div class = "col-md-6 col-md-offset-3" > .col-md-6 .col-md-offset-3< / div >
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< / div >
{% endhighlight %}
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< h3 id = "grid-nesting" > Nesting columns< / h3 >
< p > To nest your content with the default grid, add a new < code > .row< / code > and set of < code > .col-md-*< / code > columns within an existing < code > .col-md-*< / code > column. Nested rows should include a set of columns that add up to 12 or less.< / p >
< div class = "row show-grid" >
< div class = "col-md-9" >
Level 1: .col-md-9
< div class = "row show-grid" >
< div class = "col-md-6" >
Level 2: .col-md-6
< / div >
< div class = "col-md-6" >
Level 2: .col-md-6
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< / div >
< / div >
< / div >
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< / div >
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{% highlight html %}
< div class = "row" >
Media query (grid and responsive utilities) overhaul
Grid classes have been changed to account for a fourth set of classes,
meaning we now have XS, S, M, and L options. Specifically, we made the
following changes:
* Renames `.col-` to `.col-xs-`
* Adds `.col-md-` for devices 992px wide and up
* Remaps `.col-lg-` for devices 1200px wide and up
Alongside that, we've updated our media queries to better handle
advanced grid layouts:
* All column classes now kick in when they hit a `min-width`, undoing
the #9128 fix in
https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/commit/db45a60cc86190a060f0baf0b3961cb
c690f3a65
* All column offsets, pushes, and pulls are scoped to an appropriate
range, meaning a `min-width` and `max-width` (thanks for the idea,
@eratzlaff)
We've also modified the widths of our grid containers for the small
device grid (now a max 720px instead of 728px) and large device grid
(now a max 1140px instead of 1170px) to avoid horizontal scrollbar
problems in Firefox (likely due to box-sizing, which is why we didn't
see it in 2.x).
Similarly, we've updated the responsive ultility classes to match the
new four media query approach of the grid system. That means we've:
* Added new `.visible-xs` and `.hidden-xs` classes
* Reassigns visible and hidden classes for small, medium, and large to
matching grid system media queries
* Updates docs examples to match grid system and account for fourth
utility range
-----
Fixes the following:
* #9135: fourth grid tier
* #9302: undoes previous range change for small grid system, so no need
to update any docs here
* #8755: consistent grid and responsive utilities schemas)
* #9195, #9216, and #9227: no more horizontal scrollbars
2013-08-12 15:28:50 +08:00
< div class = "col-md-9" >
2013-08-18 05:09:35 +08:00
Level 1: .col-md-9
2013-05-09 12:56:08 +08:00
< div class = "row" >
Media query (grid and responsive utilities) overhaul
Grid classes have been changed to account for a fourth set of classes,
meaning we now have XS, S, M, and L options. Specifically, we made the
following changes:
* Renames `.col-` to `.col-xs-`
* Adds `.col-md-` for devices 992px wide and up
* Remaps `.col-lg-` for devices 1200px wide and up
Alongside that, we've updated our media queries to better handle
advanced grid layouts:
* All column classes now kick in when they hit a `min-width`, undoing
the #9128 fix in
https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/commit/db45a60cc86190a060f0baf0b3961cb
c690f3a65
* All column offsets, pushes, and pulls are scoped to an appropriate
range, meaning a `min-width` and `max-width` (thanks for the idea,
@eratzlaff)
We've also modified the widths of our grid containers for the small
device grid (now a max 720px instead of 728px) and large device grid
(now a max 1140px instead of 1170px) to avoid horizontal scrollbar
problems in Firefox (likely due to box-sizing, which is why we didn't
see it in 2.x).
Similarly, we've updated the responsive ultility classes to match the
new four media query approach of the grid system. That means we've:
* Added new `.visible-xs` and `.hidden-xs` classes
* Reassigns visible and hidden classes for small, medium, and large to
matching grid system media queries
* Updates docs examples to match grid system and account for fourth
utility range
-----
Fixes the following:
* #9135: fourth grid tier
* #9302: undoes previous range change for small grid system, so no need
to update any docs here
* #8755: consistent grid and responsive utilities schemas)
* #9195, #9216, and #9227: no more horizontal scrollbars
2013-08-12 15:28:50 +08:00
< div class = "col-md-6" >
2013-08-18 05:09:35 +08:00
Level 2: .col-md-6
2013-05-09 12:56:08 +08:00
< / div >
Media query (grid and responsive utilities) overhaul
Grid classes have been changed to account for a fourth set of classes,
meaning we now have XS, S, M, and L options. Specifically, we made the
following changes:
* Renames `.col-` to `.col-xs-`
* Adds `.col-md-` for devices 992px wide and up
* Remaps `.col-lg-` for devices 1200px wide and up
Alongside that, we've updated our media queries to better handle
advanced grid layouts:
* All column classes now kick in when they hit a `min-width`, undoing
the #9128 fix in
https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/commit/db45a60cc86190a060f0baf0b3961cb
c690f3a65
* All column offsets, pushes, and pulls are scoped to an appropriate
range, meaning a `min-width` and `max-width` (thanks for the idea,
@eratzlaff)
We've also modified the widths of our grid containers for the small
device grid (now a max 720px instead of 728px) and large device grid
(now a max 1140px instead of 1170px) to avoid horizontal scrollbar
problems in Firefox (likely due to box-sizing, which is why we didn't
see it in 2.x).
Similarly, we've updated the responsive ultility classes to match the
new four media query approach of the grid system. That means we've:
* Added new `.visible-xs` and `.hidden-xs` classes
* Reassigns visible and hidden classes for small, medium, and large to
matching grid system media queries
* Updates docs examples to match grid system and account for fourth
utility range
-----
Fixes the following:
* #9135: fourth grid tier
* #9302: undoes previous range change for small grid system, so no need
to update any docs here
* #8755: consistent grid and responsive utilities schemas)
* #9195, #9216, and #9227: no more horizontal scrollbars
2013-08-12 15:28:50 +08:00
< div class = "col-md-6" >
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Level 2: .col-md-6
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< / div >
< / div >
< / div >
< / div >
{% endhighlight %}
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< h3 id = "grid-column-ordering" > Column ordering< / h3 >
< p > Easily change the order of our built-in grid columns with < code > .col-md-push-*< / code > and < code > .col-md-pull-*< / code > modifier classes.< / p >
< div class = "row show-grid" >
< div class = "col-md-9 col-md-push-3" > .col-md-9 .col-md-push-3< / div >
< div class = "col-md-3 col-md-pull-9" > .col-md-3 .col-md-pull-9< / div >
< / div >
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{% highlight html %}
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< div class = "row" >
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< div class = "col-md-9 col-md-push-3" > .col-md-9 .col-md-push-3< / div >
< div class = "col-md-3 col-md-pull-9" > .col-md-3 .col-md-pull-9< / div >
2013-05-09 12:56:08 +08:00
< / div >
{% endhighlight %}
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< h3 id = "grid-less" > Less mixins and variables< / h3 >
< p > In addition to < a href = "#grid-example-basic" > prebuilt grid classes< / a > for fast layouts, Bootstrap includes Less variables and mixins for quickly generating your own simple, semantic layouts.< / p >
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< h4 > Variables< / h4 >
< p > Variables determine the number of columns, the gutter width, and the media query point at which to begin floating columns. We use these to generate the predefined grid classes documented above, as well as for the custom mixins listed below.< / p >
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{% highlight scss %}
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@grid-columns: 12;
@grid-gutter-width: 30px;
@grid-float-breakpoint: 768px;
{% endhighlight %}
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< h4 > Mixins< / h4 >
< p > Mixins are used in conjunction with the grid variables to generate semantic CSS for individual grid columns.< / p >
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{% highlight scss %}
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// Creates a wrapper for a series of columns
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.make-row(@gutter: @grid-gutter-width) {
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// Then clear the floated columns
.clearfix();
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@media (min-width: @screen-sm-min) {
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margin-left: (@gutter / -2);
margin-right: (@gutter / -2);
}
// Negative margin nested rows out to align the content of columns
.row {
margin-left: (@gutter / -2);
margin-right: (@gutter / -2);
}
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}
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// Generate the extra small columns
.make-xs-column(@columns; @gutter: @grid-gutter-width) {
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position: relative;
// Prevent columns from collapsing when empty
min-height: 1px;
// Inner gutter via padding
padding-left: (@gutter / 2);
padding-right: (@gutter / 2);
// Calculate width based on number of columns available
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@media (min-width: @grid-float-breakpoint) {
float: left;
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width: percentage((@columns / @grid-columns));
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}
}
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// Generate the small columns
.make-sm-column(@columns; @gutter: @grid-gutter-width) {
position: relative;
// Prevent columns from collapsing when empty
min-height: 1px;
// Inner gutter via padding
padding-left: (@gutter / 2);
padding-right: (@gutter / 2);
// Calculate width based on number of columns available
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@media (min-width: @screen-sm-min) {
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float: left;
width: percentage((@columns / @grid-columns));
}
}
// Generate the small column offsets
.make-sm-column-offset(@columns) {
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@media (min-width: @screen-sm-min) {
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margin-left: percentage((@columns / @grid-columns));
}
}
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.make-sm-column-push(@columns) {
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@media (min-width: @screen-sm-min) {
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left: percentage((@columns / @grid-columns));
}
}
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.make-sm-column-pull(@columns) {
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@media (min-width: @screen-sm-min) {
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right: percentage((@columns / @grid-columns));
}
}
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// Generate the medium columns
.make-md-column(@columns; @gutter: @grid-gutter-width) {
position: relative;
// Prevent columns from collapsing when empty
min-height: 1px;
// Inner gutter via padding
padding-left: (@gutter / 2);
padding-right: (@gutter / 2);
// Calculate width based on number of columns available
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@media (min-width: @screen-md-min) {
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float: left;
width: percentage((@columns / @grid-columns));
}
}
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// Generate the medium column offsets
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.make-md-column-offset(@columns) {
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@media (min-width: @screen-md-min) {
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margin-left: percentage((@columns / @grid-columns));
}
}
.make-md-column-push(@columns) {
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@media (min-width: @screen-md-min) {
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left: percentage((@columns / @grid-columns));
}
}
.make-md-column-pull(@columns) {
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@media (min-width: @screen-md-min) {
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right: percentage((@columns / @grid-columns));
}
}
// Generate the large columns
.make-lg-column(@columns; @gutter: @grid-gutter-width) {
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position: relative;
// Prevent columns from collapsing when empty
min-height: 1px;
// Inner gutter via padding
padding-left: (@gutter / 2);
padding-right: (@gutter / 2);
// Calculate width based on number of columns available
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@media (min-width: @screen-lg-min) {
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float: left;
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width: percentage((@columns / @grid-columns));
}
}
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// Generate the large column offsets
.make-lg-column-offset(@columns) {
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@media (min-width: @screen-lg-min) {
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margin-left: percentage((@columns / @grid-columns));
}
}
.make-lg-column-push(@columns) {
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@media (min-width: @screen-lg-min) {
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left: percentage((@columns / @grid-columns));
}
}
.make-lg-column-pull(@columns) {
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@media (min-width: @screen-lg-min) {
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right: percentage((@columns / @grid-columns));
}
}
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{% endhighlight %}
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< h4 > Example usage< / h4 >
< p > You can modify the variables to your own custom values, or just use the mixins with their default values. Here's an example of using the default settings to create a two-column layout with a gap between.< / p >
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{% highlight scss %}
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.wrapper {
.make-row();
}
.content-main {
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.make-lg-column(8);
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}
.content-secondary {
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.make-lg-column(3);
.make-lg-column-offset(1);
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}
{% endhighlight %}
{% highlight html %}
< div class = "wrapper" >
< div class = "content-main" > ...< / div >
< div class = "content-secondary" > ...< / div >
< / div >
{% endhighlight %}
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< / div >
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2014-01-12 16:04:24 +08:00
<!-- Typography
================================================== -->
< div class = "bs-docs-section" >
< h1 id = "type" class = "page-header" > Typography< / h1 >
<!-- Headings -->
< h2 id = "type-headings" > Headings< / h2 >
< p > All HTML headings, < code > < h1> < / code > through < code > < h6> < / code > , are available. < code > .h1< / code > through < code > .h6< / code > classes are also available, for when you want to match the font styling of a heading but still want your text to be displayed inline.< / p >
< div class = "bs-example bs-example-type" >
< table class = "table" >
< tbody >
< tr >
< td > < h1 > h1. Bootstrap heading< / h1 > < / td >
< td class = "type-info" > Semibold 36px< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > < h2 > h2. Bootstrap heading< / h2 > < / td >
< td class = "type-info" > Semibold 30px< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > < h3 > h3. Bootstrap heading< / h3 > < / td >
< td class = "type-info" > Semibold 24px< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > < h4 > h4. Bootstrap heading< / h4 > < / td >
< td class = "type-info" > Semibold 18px< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > < h5 > h5. Bootstrap heading< / h5 > < / td >
< td class = "type-info" > Semibold 14px< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > < h6 > h6. Bootstrap heading< / h6 > < / td >
< td class = "type-info" > Semibold 12px< / td >
< / tr >
< / tbody >
< / table >
< / div >
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{% highlight html %}
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< h1 > h1. Bootstrap heading< / h1 >
< h2 > h2. Bootstrap heading< / h2 >
< h3 > h3. Bootstrap heading< / h3 >
< h4 > h4. Bootstrap heading< / h4 >
< h5 > h5. Bootstrap heading< / h5 >
< h6 > h6. Bootstrap heading< / h6 >
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{% endhighlight %}
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< p > Create lighter, secondary text in any heading with a generic < code > < small> < / code > tag or the < code > .small< / code > class.< / p >
< div class = "bs-example bs-example-type" >
< table class = "table" >
< tbody >
< tr >
< td > < h1 > h1. Bootstrap heading < small > Secondary text< / small > < / h1 > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > < h2 > h2. Bootstrap heading < small > Secondary text< / small > < / h2 > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > < h3 > h3. Bootstrap heading < small > Secondary text< / small > < / h3 > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > < h4 > h4. Bootstrap heading < small > Secondary text< / small > < / h4 > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > < h5 > h5. Bootstrap heading < small > Secondary text< / small > < / h5 > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > < h6 > h6. Bootstrap heading < small > Secondary text< / small > < / h6 > < / td >
< / tr >
< / tbody >
< / table >
< / div >
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{% highlight html %}
< h1 > h1. Bootstrap heading < small > Secondary text< / small > < / h1 >
< h2 > h2. Bootstrap heading < small > Secondary text< / small > < / h2 >
< h3 > h3. Bootstrap heading < small > Secondary text< / small > < / h3 >
< h4 > h4. Bootstrap heading < small > Secondary text< / small > < / h4 >
< h5 > h5. Bootstrap heading < small > Secondary text< / small > < / h5 >
< h6 > h6. Bootstrap heading < small > Secondary text< / small > < / h6 >
{% endhighlight %}
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<!-- Body copy -->
< h2 id = "type-body-copy" > Body copy< / h2 >
< p > Bootstrap's global default < code > font-size< / code > is < strong > 14px< / strong > , with a < code > line-height< / code > of < strong > 1.428< / strong > . This is applied to the < code > < body> < / code > and all paragraphs. In addition, < code > < p> < / code > (paragraphs) receive a bottom margin of half their computed line-height (10px by default).< / p >
< div class = "bs-example" >
< p > Nullam quis risus eget urna mollis ornare vel eu leo. Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus. Nullam id dolor id nibh ultricies vehicula.< / p >
< p > Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus. Donec ullamcorper nulla non metus auctor fringilla. Duis mollis, est non commodo luctus, nisi erat porttitor ligula, eget lacinia odio sem nec elit. Donec ullamcorper nulla non metus auctor fringilla.< / p >
< p > Maecenas sed diam eget risus varius blandit sit amet non magna. Donec id elit non mi porta gravida at eget metus. Duis mollis, est non commodo luctus, nisi erat porttitor ligula, eget lacinia odio sem nec elit.< / p >
< / div >
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{% highlight html %}
< p > ...< / p >
{% endhighlight %}
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<!-- Body copy .lead -->
< h3 > Lead body copy< / h3 >
< p > Make a paragraph stand out by adding < code > .lead< / code > .< / p >
< div class = "bs-example" >
< p class = "lead" > Vivamus sagittis lacus vel augue laoreet rutrum faucibus dolor auctor. Duis mollis, est non commodo luctus.< / p >
< / div >
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{% highlight html %}
< p class = "lead" > ...< / p >
{% endhighlight %}
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<!-- Using Less -->
< h3 > Built with Less< / h3 >
< p > The typographic scale is based on two Less variables in < strong > variables.less< / strong > : < code > @font-size-base< / code > and < code > @line-height-base< / code > . The first is the base font-size used throughout and the second is the base line-height. We use those variables and some simple math to create the margins, paddings, and line-heights of all our type and more. Customize them and Bootstrap adapts.< / p >
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<!-- Emphasis -->
< h2 id = "type-emphasis" > Emphasis< / h2 >
< p > Make use of HTML's default emphasis tags with lightweight styles.< / p >
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< h3 > Small text< / h3 >
< p > For de-emphasizing inline or blocks of text, use the < code > < small> < / code > tag to set text at 85% the size of the parent. Heading elements receive their own < code > font-size< / code > for nested < code > < small> < / code > elements.< / p >
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< p > You may alternatively use an inline element with < code > .small< / code > in place of any < code > < small> < / code > .< / p >
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< div class = "bs-example" >
< p > < small > This line of text is meant to be treated as fine print.< / small > < / p >
< / div >
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{% highlight html %}
< small > This line of text is meant to be treated as fine print.< / small >
{% endhighlight %}
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< h3 > Bold< / h3 >
< p > For emphasizing a snippet of text with a heavier font-weight.< / p >
< div class = "bs-example" >
< p > The following snippet of text is < strong > rendered as bold text< / strong > .< / p >
< / div >
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{% highlight html %}
< strong > rendered as bold text< / strong >
{% endhighlight %}
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< h3 > Italics< / h3 >
< p > For emphasizing a snippet of text with italics.< / p >
< div class = "bs-example" >
< p > The following snippet of text is < em > rendered as italicized text< / em > .< / p >
< / div >
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{% highlight html %}
< em > rendered as italicized text< / em >
{% endhighlight %}
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< div class = "bs-callout bs-callout-info" >
< h4 > Alternate elements< / h4 >
< p > Feel free to use < code > < b> < / code > and < code > < i> < / code > in HTML5. < code > < b> < / code > is meant to highlight words or phrases without conveying additional importance while < code > < i> < / code > is mostly for voice, technical terms, etc.< / p >
< / div >
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< h3 > Alignment classes< / h3 >
< p > Easily realign text to components with text alignment classes.< / p >
< div class = "bs-example" >
< p class = "text-left" > Left aligned text.< / p >
< p class = "text-center" > Center aligned text.< / p >
< p class = "text-right" > Right aligned text.< / p >
< p class = "text-justify" > Justified text.< / p >
< / div >
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{% highlight html %}
< p class = "text-left" > Left aligned text.< / p >
< p class = "text-center" > Center aligned text.< / p >
< p class = "text-right" > Right aligned text.< / p >
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< p class = "text-justify" > Justified text.< / p >
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{% endhighlight %}
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<!-- Abbreviations -->
< h2 id = "type-abbreviations" > Abbreviations< / h2 >
< p > Stylized implementation of HTML's < code > < abbr> < / code > element for abbreviations and acronyms to show the expanded version on hover. Abbreviations with a < code > title< / code > attribute have a light dotted bottom border and a help cursor on hover, providing additional context on hover.< / p >
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< h3 > Basic abbreviation< / h3 >
< p > For expanded text on long hover of an abbreviation, include the < code > title< / code > attribute with the < code > < abbr> < / code > element.< / p >
< div class = "bs-example" >
< p > An abbreviation of the word attribute is < abbr title = "attribute" > attr< / abbr > .< / p >
< / div >
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{% highlight html %}
< abbr title = "attribute" > attr< / abbr >
{% endhighlight %}
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< h3 > Initialism< / h3 >
< p > Add < code > .initialism< / code > to an abbreviation for a slightly smaller font-size.< / p >
< div class = "bs-example" >
< p > < abbr title = "HyperText Markup Language" class = "initialism" > HTML< / abbr > is the best thing since sliced bread.< / p >
< / div >
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{% highlight html %}
< abbr title = "HyperText Markup Language" class = "initialism" > HTML< / abbr >
{% endhighlight %}
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<!-- Addresses -->
< h2 id = "type-addresses" > Addresses< / h2 >
< p > Present contact information for the nearest ancestor or the entire body of work. Preserve formatting by ending all lines with < code > < br> < / code > .< / p >
< div class = "bs-example" >
< address >
< strong > Twitter, Inc.< / strong > < br >
795 Folsom Ave, Suite 600< br >
San Francisco, CA 94107< br >
< abbr title = "Phone" > P:< / abbr > (123) 456-7890
< / address >
< address >
< strong > Full Name< / strong > < br >
< a href = "mailto:#" > first.last@example.com< / a >
< / address >
< / div >
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{% highlight html %}
< address >
< strong > Twitter, Inc.< / strong > < br >
795 Folsom Ave, Suite 600< br >
San Francisco, CA 94107< br >
< abbr title = "Phone" > P:< / abbr > (123) 456-7890
< / address >
< address >
< strong > Full Name< / strong > < br >
< a href = "mailto:#" > first.last@example.com< / a >
< / address >
{% endhighlight %}
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<!-- Blockquotes -->
< h2 id = "type-blockquotes" > Blockquotes< / h2 >
< p > For quoting blocks of content from another source within your document.< / p >
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< h3 > Default blockquote< / h3 >
< p > Wrap < code > < blockquote> < / code > around any < abbr title = "HyperText Markup Language" > HTML< / abbr > as the quote. For straight quotes, we recommend a < code > < p> < / code > .< / p >
< div class = "bs-example" >
< blockquote >
< p > Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Integer posuere erat a ante.< / p >
< / blockquote >
< / div >
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{% highlight html %}
< blockquote >
< p > Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Integer posuere erat a ante.< / p >
< / blockquote >
{% endhighlight %}
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< h3 > Blockquote options< / h3 >
< p > Style and content changes for simple variations on a standard < code > < blockquote> < / code > .< / p >
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< h4 > Naming a source< / h4 >
< p > Add a < code > < footer> < / code > for identifying the source. Wrap the name of the source work in < code > < cite> < / code > .< / p >
< div class = "bs-example" >
< blockquote >
< p > Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Integer posuere erat a ante.< / p >
< footer > Someone famous in < cite title = "Source Title" > Source Title< / cite > < / footer >
< / blockquote >
< / div >
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{% highlight html %}
< blockquote >
< p > Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Integer posuere erat a ante.< / p >
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< footer > Someone famous in < cite title = "Source Title" > Source Title< / cite > < / footer >
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< / blockquote >
{% endhighlight %}
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< h4 > Alternate displays< / h4 >
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< p > Add < code > .blockquote-reverse< / code > for a blockquote with right-aligned content.< / p >
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< div class = "bs-example" style = "overflow: hidden;" >
< blockquote class = "blockquote-reverse" >
< p > Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Integer posuere erat a ante.< / p >
< footer > Someone famous in < cite title = "Source Title" > Source Title< / cite > < / footer >
< / blockquote >
< / div >
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{% highlight html %}
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< blockquote class = "blockquote-reverse" >
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...
< / blockquote >
{% endhighlight %}
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<!-- Lists -->
< h2 id = "type-lists" > Lists< / h2 >
< h3 > Unordered< / h3 >
< p > A list of items in which the order does < em > not< / em > explicitly matter.< / p >
< div class = "bs-example" >
< ul >
< li > Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet< / li >
< li > Consectetur adipiscing elit< / li >
< li > Integer molestie lorem at massa< / li >
< li > Facilisis in pretium nisl aliquet< / li >
< li > Nulla volutpat aliquam velit
< ul >
< li > Phasellus iaculis neque< / li >
< li > Purus sodales ultricies< / li >
< li > Vestibulum laoreet porttitor sem< / li >
< li > Ac tristique libero volutpat at< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li > Faucibus porta lacus fringilla vel< / li >
< li > Aenean sit amet erat nunc< / li >
< li > Eget porttitor lorem< / li >
< / ul >
< / div >
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{% highlight html %}
< ul >
< li > ...< / li >
< / ul >
{% endhighlight %}
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< h3 > Ordered< / h3 >
< p > A list of items in which the order < em > does< / em > explicitly matter.< / p >
< div class = "bs-example" >
< ol >
< li > Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet< / li >
< li > Consectetur adipiscing elit< / li >
< li > Integer molestie lorem at massa< / li >
< li > Facilisis in pretium nisl aliquet< / li >
< li > Nulla volutpat aliquam velit< / li >
< li > Faucibus porta lacus fringilla vel< / li >
< li > Aenean sit amet erat nunc< / li >
< li > Eget porttitor lorem< / li >
< / ol >
< / div >
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{% highlight html %}
< ol >
< li > ...< / li >
< / ol >
{% endhighlight %}
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< h3 > Unstyled< / h3 >
< p > Remove the default < code > list-style< / code > and left margin on list items (immediate children only). < strong > This only applies to immediate children list items< / strong > , meaning you will need to add the class for any nested lists as well.< / p >
< div class = "bs-example" >
< ul class = "list-unstyled" >
< li > Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet< / li >
< li > Consectetur adipiscing elit< / li >
< li > Integer molestie lorem at massa< / li >
< li > Facilisis in pretium nisl aliquet< / li >
< li > Nulla volutpat aliquam velit
< ul >
< li > Phasellus iaculis neque< / li >
< li > Purus sodales ultricies< / li >
< li > Vestibulum laoreet porttitor sem< / li >
< li > Ac tristique libero volutpat at< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li > Faucibus porta lacus fringilla vel< / li >
< li > Aenean sit amet erat nunc< / li >
< li > Eget porttitor lorem< / li >
< / ul >
< / div >
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{% highlight html %}
< ul class = "list-unstyled" >
< li > ...< / li >
< / ul >
{% endhighlight %}
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< h3 > Inline< / h3 >
< p > Place all list items on a single line with < code > display: inline-block;< / code > and some light padding.< / p >
< div class = "bs-example" >
< ul class = "list-inline" >
< li > Lorem ipsum< / li >
< li > Phasellus iaculis< / li >
< li > Nulla volutpat< / li >
< / ul >
< / div >
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{% highlight html %}
< ul class = "list-inline" >
< li > ...< / li >
< / ul >
{% endhighlight %}
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< h3 > Description< / h3 >
< p > A list of terms with their associated descriptions.< / p >
< div class = "bs-example" >
< dl >
< dt > Description lists< / dt >
< dd > A description list is perfect for defining terms.< / dd >
< dt > Euismod< / dt >
< dd > Vestibulum id ligula porta felis euismod semper eget lacinia odio sem nec elit.< / dd >
< dd > Donec id elit non mi porta gravida at eget metus.< / dd >
< dt > Malesuada porta< / dt >
< dd > Etiam porta sem malesuada magna mollis euismod.< / dd >
< / dl >
< / div >
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{% highlight html %}
< dl >
< dt > ...< / dt >
< dd > ...< / dd >
< / dl >
{% endhighlight %}
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< h4 > Horizontal description< / h4 >
< p > Make terms and descriptions in < code > < dl> < / code > line up side-by-side. Starts off stacked like default < code > < dl> < / code > s, but when the navbar expands, so do these.< / p >
< div class = "bs-example" >
< dl class = "dl-horizontal" >
< dt > Description lists< / dt >
< dd > A description list is perfect for defining terms.< / dd >
< dt > Euismod< / dt >
< dd > Vestibulum id ligula porta felis euismod semper eget lacinia odio sem nec elit.< / dd >
< dd > Donec id elit non mi porta gravida at eget metus.< / dd >
< dt > Malesuada porta< / dt >
< dd > Etiam porta sem malesuada magna mollis euismod.< / dd >
< dt > Felis euismod semper eget lacinia< / dt >
< dd > Fusce dapibus, tellus ac cursus commodo, tortor mauris condimentum nibh, ut fermentum massa justo sit amet risus.< / dd >
< / dl >
< / div >
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{% highlight html %}
< dl class = "dl-horizontal" >
< dt > ...< / dt >
< dd > ...< / dd >
< / dl >
{% endhighlight %}
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< div class = "bs-callout bs-callout-info" >
< h4 > Auto-truncating< / h4 >
< p > Horizontal description lists will truncate terms that are too long to fit in the left column with < code > text-overflow< / code > . In narrower viewports, they will change to the default stacked layout.< / p >
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< / div >
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< / div >
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<!-- Code
================================================== -->
< div class = "bs-docs-section" >
< h1 id = "code" class = "page-header" > Code< / h1 >
< h2 id = "code-inline" > Inline< / h2 >
< p > Wrap inline snippets of code with < code > < code> < / code > .< / p >
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< div class = "bs-example" >
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For example, < code > < section> < / code > should be wrapped as inline.
< / div >
{% highlight html %}
For example, < code > < section> < / code > should be wrapped as inline.
{% endhighlight %}
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< h2 id = "code-user-input" > User input< / h2 >
< p > Use the < code > < kbd> < / code > to indicate input that is typically entered via keyboard.< / p >
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< div class = "bs-example" >
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To switch directories, type < kbd > cd< / kbd > followed by the name of the directory.
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< / div >
{% highlight html %}
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To switch directories, type < kbd > cd< / kbd > followed by the name of the directory.
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{% endhighlight %}
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< h2 id = "code-block" > Basic block< / h2 >
< p > Use < code > < pre> < / code > for multiple lines of code. Be sure to escape any angle brackets in the code for proper rendering.< / p >
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< div class = "bs-example" >
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< pre > < p> Sample text here...< /p> < / pre >
< / div >
{% highlight html %}
< pre > < p> Sample text here...< /p> < / pre >
{% endhighlight %}
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< p > You may optionally add the < code > .pre-scrollable< / code > class, which will set a max-height of 350px and provide a y-axis scrollbar.< / p >
< / div >
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<!-- Tables
================================================== -->
< div class = "bs-docs-section" >
< h1 id = "tables" class = "page-header" > Tables< / h1 >
< h2 id = "tables-example" > Basic example< / h2 >
< p > For basic styling— light padding and only horizontal dividers— add the base class < code > .table< / code > to any < code > < table> < / code > . It may seem super redundant, but given the widespread use of tables for other plugins like calendars and date pickers, we've opted to isolate our custom table styles.< / p >
< div class = "bs-example" >
< table class = "table" >
< thead >
< tr >
< th > #< / th >
< th > First Name< / th >
< th > Last Name< / th >
< th > Username< / th >
< / tr >
< / thead >
< tbody >
< tr >
< td > 1< / td >
< td > Mark< / td >
< td > Otto< / td >
< td > @mdo< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > 2< / td >
< td > Jacob< / td >
< td > Thornton< / td >
< td > @fat< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > 3< / td >
< td > Larry< / td >
< td > the Bird< / td >
< td > @twitter< / td >
< / tr >
< / tbody >
< / table >
< / div > <!-- /example -->
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{% highlight html %}
< table class = "table" >
...
< / table >
{% endhighlight %}
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< h2 id = "tables-striped" > Striped rows< / h2 >
< p > Use < code > .table-striped< / code > to add zebra-striping to any table row within the < code > < tbody> < / code > .< / p >
< div class = "bs-callout bs-callout-danger" >
< h4 > Cross-browser compatibility< / h4 >
< p > Striped tables are styled via the < code > :nth-child< / code > CSS selector, which is not available in Internet Explorer 8.< / p >
< / div >
< div class = "bs-example" >
< table class = "table table-striped" >
< thead >
< tr >
< th > #< / th >
< th > First Name< / th >
< th > Last Name< / th >
< th > Username< / th >
< / tr >
< / thead >
< tbody >
< tr >
< td > 1< / td >
< td > Mark< / td >
< td > Otto< / td >
< td > @mdo< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > 2< / td >
< td > Jacob< / td >
< td > Thornton< / td >
< td > @fat< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > 3< / td >
< td > Larry< / td >
< td > the Bird< / td >
< td > @twitter< / td >
< / tr >
< / tbody >
< / table >
< / div > <!-- /example -->
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{% highlight html %}
< table class = "table table-striped" >
...
< / table >
{% endhighlight %}
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< h2 id = "tables-bordered" > Bordered table< / h2 >
< p > Add < code > .table-bordered< / code > for borders on all sides of the table and cells.< / p >
< div class = "bs-example" >
< table class = "table table-bordered" >
< thead >
< tr >
< th > #< / th >
< th > First Name< / th >
< th > Last Name< / th >
< th > Username< / th >
< / tr >
< / thead >
< tbody >
< tr >
< td rowspan = "2" > 1< / td >
< td > Mark< / td >
< td > Otto< / td >
< td > @mdo< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > Mark< / td >
< td > Otto< / td >
< td > @TwBootstrap< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > 2< / td >
< td > Jacob< / td >
< td > Thornton< / td >
< td > @fat< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > 3< / td >
< td colspan = "2" > Larry the Bird< / td >
< td > @twitter< / td >
< / tr >
< / tbody >
< / table >
< / div > <!-- /example -->
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{% highlight html %}
< table class = "table table-bordered" >
...
< / table >
{% endhighlight %}
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< h2 id = "tables-hover-rows" > Hover rows< / h2 >
< p > Add < code > .table-hover< / code > to enable a hover state on table rows within a < code > < tbody> < / code > .< / p >
< div class = "bs-example" >
< table class = "table table-hover" >
< thead >
< tr >
< th > #< / th >
< th > First Name< / th >
< th > Last Name< / th >
< th > Username< / th >
< / tr >
< / thead >
< tbody >
< tr >
< td > 1< / td >
< td > Mark< / td >
< td > Otto< / td >
< td > @mdo< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > 2< / td >
< td > Jacob< / td >
< td > Thornton< / td >
< td > @fat< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > 3< / td >
< td colspan = "2" > Larry the Bird< / td >
< td > @twitter< / td >
< / tr >
< / tbody >
< / table >
< / div > <!-- /example -->
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{% highlight html %}
< table class = "table table-hover" >
...
< / table >
{% endhighlight %}
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< h2 id = "tables-condensed" > Condensed table< / h2 >
< p > Add < code > .table-condensed< / code > to make tables more compact by cutting cell padding in half.< / p >
< div class = "bs-example" >
< table class = "table table-condensed" >
< thead >
< tr >
< th > #< / th >
< th > First Name< / th >
< th > Last Name< / th >
< th > Username< / th >
< / tr >
< / thead >
< tbody >
< tr >
< td > 1< / td >
< td > Mark< / td >
< td > Otto< / td >
< td > @mdo< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > 2< / td >
< td > Jacob< / td >
< td > Thornton< / td >
< td > @fat< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > 3< / td >
< td colspan = "2" > Larry the Bird< / td >
< td > @twitter< / td >
< / tr >
< / tbody >
< / table >
< / div > <!-- /example -->
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{% highlight html %}
< table class = "table table-condensed" >
...
< / table >
{% endhighlight %}
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< h2 id = "tables-contextual-classes" > Contextual classes< / h2 >
< p > Use contextual classes to color table rows or individual cells.< / p >
< div class = "table-responsive" >
< table class = "table table-bordered table-striped" >
< colgroup >
< col class = "col-xs-1" >
< col class = "col-xs-7" >
< / colgroup >
< thead >
< tr >
< th > Class< / th >
< th > Description< / th >
< / tr >
< / thead >
< tbody >
< tr >
< td >
< code > .active< / code >
< / td >
< td > Applies the hover color to a particular row or cell< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td >
< code > .success< / code >
< / td >
< td > Indicates a successful or positive action< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td >
< code > .info< / code >
< / td >
< td > Indicates a neutral informative change or action< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td >
< code > .warning< / code >
< / td >
< td > Indicates a warning that might need attention< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td >
< code > .danger< / code >
< / td >
< td > Indicates a dangerous or potentially negative action< / td >
< / tr >
< / tbody >
< / table >
< / div >
< div class = "bs-example" >
< table class = "table" >
< thead >
< tr >
< th > #< / th >
< th > Column heading< / th >
< th > Column heading< / th >
< th > Column heading< / th >
< / tr >
< / thead >
< tbody >
< tr class = "active" >
< td > 1< / td >
< td > Column content< / td >
< td > Column content< / td >
< td > Column content< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > 2< / td >
< td > Column content< / td >
< td > Column content< / td >
< td > Column content< / td >
< / tr >
< tr class = "success" >
< td > 3< / td >
< td > Column content< / td >
< td > Column content< / td >
< td > Column content< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > 4< / td >
< td > Column content< / td >
< td > Column content< / td >
< td > Column content< / td >
< / tr >
< tr class = "info" >
< td > 5< / td >
< td > Column content< / td >
< td > Column content< / td >
< td > Column content< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > 6< / td >
< td > Column content< / td >
< td > Column content< / td >
< td > Column content< / td >
< / tr >
< tr class = "warning" >
< td > 7< / td >
< td > Column content< / td >
< td > Column content< / td >
< td > Column content< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > 8< / td >
< td > Column content< / td >
< td > Column content< / td >
< td > Column content< / td >
< / tr >
< tr class = "danger" >
< td > 9< / td >
< td > Column content< / td >
< td > Column content< / td >
< td > Column content< / td >
< / tr >
< / tbody >
< / table >
< / div > <!-- /example -->
{% highlight html %}
<!-- On rows -->
< tr class = "active" > ...< / tr >
< tr class = "success" > ...< / tr >
< tr class = "warning" > ...< / tr >
< tr class = "danger" > ...< / tr >
< tr class = "info" > ...< / tr >
<!-- On cells (`td` or `th`) -->
< tr >
< td class = "active" > ...< / td >
< td class = "success" > ...< / td >
< td class = "warning" > ...< / td >
< td class = "danger" > ...< / td >
< td class = "info" > ...< / td >
< / tr >
{% endhighlight %}
< h2 id = "tables-responsive" > Responsive tables< / h2 >
< p > Create responsive tables by wrapping any < code > .table< / code > in < code > .table-responsive< / code > to make them scroll horizontally up to small devices (under 768px). When viewing on anything larger than 768px wide, you will not see any difference in these tables.< / p >
< div class = "bs-example" >
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< div class = "table-responsive" >
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< table class = "table" >
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< thead >
< tr >
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< th > #< / th >
< th > Table heading< / th >
< th > Table heading< / th >
< th > Table heading< / th >
< th > Table heading< / th >
< th > Table heading< / th >
< th > Table heading< / th >
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< / tr >
< / thead >
< tbody >
< tr >
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< td > 1< / td >
< td > Table cell< / td >
< td > Table cell< / td >
< td > Table cell< / td >
< td > Table cell< / td >
< td > Table cell< / td >
< td > Table cell< / td >
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< / tr >
< tr >
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< td > 2< / td >
< td > Table cell< / td >
< td > Table cell< / td >
< td > Table cell< / td >
< td > Table cell< / td >
< td > Table cell< / td >
< td > Table cell< / td >
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< / tr >
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< tr >
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< td > 3< / td >
< td > Table cell< / td >
< td > Table cell< / td >
< td > Table cell< / td >
< td > Table cell< / td >
< td > Table cell< / td >
< td > Table cell< / td >
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< / tr >
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< / tbody >
< / table >
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< / div > <!-- /.table - responsive -->
< div class = "table-responsive" >
< table class = "table table-bordered" >
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< thead >
< tr >
< th > #< / th >
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< th > Table heading< / th >
< th > Table heading< / th >
< th > Table heading< / th >
< th > Table heading< / th >
< th > Table heading< / th >
< th > Table heading< / th >
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< / tr >
< / thead >
< tbody >
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< tr >
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< td > 1< / td >
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< td > Table cell< / td >
< td > Table cell< / td >
< td > Table cell< / td >
< td > Table cell< / td >
< td > Table cell< / td >
< td > Table cell< / td >
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< / tr >
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< tr >
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< td > 2< / td >
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< td > Table cell< / td >
< td > Table cell< / td >
< td > Table cell< / td >
< td > Table cell< / td >
< td > Table cell< / td >
< td > Table cell< / td >
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< / tr >
< tr >
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< td > 3< / td >
< td > Table cell< / td >
< td > Table cell< / td >
< td > Table cell< / td >
< td > Table cell< / td >
< td > Table cell< / td >
< td > Table cell< / td >
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< / tr >
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< / tbody >
< / table >
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< / div > <!-- /.table - responsive -->
< / div > <!-- /example -->
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{% highlight html %}
< div class = "table-responsive" >
< table class = "table" >
...
< / table >
< / div >
{% endhighlight %}
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< / div >
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<!-- Forms
================================================== -->
< div class = "bs-docs-section" >
< h1 id = "forms" class = "page-header" > Forms< / h1 >
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< h2 id = "forms-example" > Basic example< / h2 >
< p > Individual form controls automatically receive some global styling. All textual < code > < input> < / code > , < code > < textarea> < / code > , and < code > < select> < / code > elements with < code > .form-control< / code > are set to < code > width: 100%;< / code > by default. Wrap labels and controls in < code > .form-group< / code > for optimum spacing.< / p >
< div class = "bs-example" >
< form role = "form" >
< div class = "form-group" >
< label for = "exampleInputEmail1" > Email address< / label >
< input type = "email" class = "form-control" id = "exampleInputEmail1" placeholder = "Enter email" >
< / div >
< div class = "form-group" >
< label for = "exampleInputPassword1" > Password< / label >
< input type = "password" class = "form-control" id = "exampleInputPassword1" placeholder = "Password" >
< / div >
< div class = "form-group" >
< label for = "exampleInputFile" > File input< / label >
< input type = "file" id = "exampleInputFile" >
< p class = "help-block" > Example block-level help text here.< / p >
< / div >
< div class = "checkbox" >
< label >
< input type = "checkbox" > Check me out
< / label >
< / div >
< button type = "submit" class = "btn btn-default" > Submit< / button >
< / form >
< / div > <!-- /example -->
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{% highlight html %}
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< form role = "form" >
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< div class = "form-group" >
< label for = "exampleInputEmail1" > Email address< / label >
< input type = "email" class = "form-control" id = "exampleInputEmail1" placeholder = "Enter email" >
< / div >
< div class = "form-group" >
< label for = "exampleInputPassword1" > Password< / label >
< input type = "password" class = "form-control" id = "exampleInputPassword1" placeholder = "Password" >
< / div >
< div class = "form-group" >
< label for = "exampleInputFile" > File input< / label >
< input type = "file" id = "exampleInputFile" >
< p class = "help-block" > Example block-level help text here.< / p >
< / div >
< div class = "checkbox" >
< label >
< input type = "checkbox" > Check me out
< / label >
< / div >
< button type = "submit" class = "btn btn-default" > Submit< / button >
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< / form >
{% endhighlight %}
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< div class = "bs-callout bs-callout-warning" >
< h4 > Don't mix form groups with input groups< / h4 >
< p > Do not mix form groups directly with < a href = "/components/#input-groups" > input groups< / a > . Instead, nest the input group inside of the form group.< / p >
< / div >
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< h2 id = "forms-inline" > Inline form< / h2 >
< p > Add < code > .form-inline< / code > to your < code > < form> < / code > for left-aligned and inline-block controls. < strong > This only applies to forms within viewports that are at least 768px wide.< / strong > < / p >
< div class = "bs-callout bs-callout-danger" >
< h4 > Requires custom widths< / h4 >
< p > Inputs, selects, and textareas are 100% wide by default in Bootstrap. To use the inline form, you'll have to set a width on the form controls used within.< / p >
< / div >
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< div class = "bs-callout bs-callout-warning" >
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< h4 > Always add labels< / h4 >
< p > Screen readers will have trouble with your forms if you don't include a label for every input. For these inline forms, you can hide the labels using the < code > .sr-only< / code > class.< / p >
< / div >
< div class = "bs-example" >
< form class = "form-inline" role = "form" >
< div class = "form-group" >
< label class = "sr-only" for = "exampleInputEmail2" > Email address< / label >
< input type = "email" class = "form-control" id = "exampleInputEmail2" placeholder = "Enter email" >
< / div >
< div class = "form-group" >
< label class = "sr-only" for = "exampleInputPassword2" > Password< / label >
< input type = "password" class = "form-control" id = "exampleInputPassword2" placeholder = "Password" >
< / div >
< div class = "checkbox" >
< label >
< input type = "checkbox" > Remember me
< / label >
< / div >
< button type = "submit" class = "btn btn-default" > Sign in< / button >
< / form >
< / div > <!-- /example -->
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{% highlight html %}
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< form class = "form-inline" role = "form" >
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< div class = "form-group" >
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< label class = "sr-only" for = "exampleInputEmail2" > Email address< / label >
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< input type = "email" class = "form-control" id = "exampleInputEmail2" placeholder = "Enter email" >
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< / div >
< div class = "form-group" >
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< label class = "sr-only" for = "exampleInputPassword2" > Password< / label >
< input type = "password" class = "form-control" id = "exampleInputPassword2" placeholder = "Password" >
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< / div >
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< div class = "checkbox" >
< label >
< input type = "checkbox" > Remember me
< / label >
< / div >
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< button type = "submit" class = "btn btn-default" > Sign in< / button >
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< / form >
{% endhighlight %}
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< h2 id = "forms-horizontal" > Horizontal form< / h2 >
< p > Use Bootstrap's predefined grid classes to align labels and groups of form controls in a horizontal layout by adding < code > .form-horizontal< / code > to the form. Doing so changes < code > .form-group< / code > s to behave as grid rows, so no need for < code > .row< / code > .< / p >
< div class = "bs-example" >
< form class = "form-horizontal" role = "form" >
< div class = "form-group" >
< label for = "inputEmail3" class = "col-sm-2 control-label" > Email< / label >
< div class = "col-sm-10" >
< input type = "email" class = "form-control" id = "inputEmail3" placeholder = "Email" >
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< / div >
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< / div >
< div class = "form-group" >
< label for = "inputPassword3" class = "col-sm-2 control-label" > Password< / label >
< div class = "col-sm-10" >
< input type = "password" class = "form-control" id = "inputPassword3" placeholder = "Password" >
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< / div >
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< / div >
< div class = "form-group" >
< div class = "col-sm-offset-2 col-sm-10" >
< div class = "checkbox" >
< label >
< input type = "checkbox" > Remember me
< / label >
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< / div >
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< / div >
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< / div >
< div class = "form-group" >
< div class = "col-sm-offset-2 col-sm-10" >
< button type = "submit" class = "btn btn-default" > Sign in< / button >
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< / div >
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< / div >
< / form >
< / div > <!-- /.bs - example -->
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{% highlight html %}
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< form class = "form-horizontal" role = "form" >
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< div class = "form-group" >
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< label for = "inputEmail3" class = "col-sm-2 control-label" > Email< / label >
< div class = "col-sm-10" >
< input type = "email" class = "form-control" id = "inputEmail3" placeholder = "Email" >
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< / div >
< / div >
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< div class = "form-group" >
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< label for = "inputPassword3" class = "col-sm-2 control-label" > Password< / label >
< div class = "col-sm-10" >
< input type = "password" class = "form-control" id = "inputPassword3" placeholder = "Password" >
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< / div >
< / div >
< div class = "form-group" >
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< div class = "col-sm-offset-2 col-sm-10" >
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< div class = "checkbox" >
< label >
< input type = "checkbox" > Remember me
< / label >
< / div >
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< / div >
< / div >
< div class = "form-group" >
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< div class = "col-sm-offset-2 col-sm-10" >
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< button type = "submit" class = "btn btn-default" > Sign in< / button >
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< / div >
< / div >
< / form >
{% endhighlight %}
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< h2 id = "forms-controls" > Supported controls< / h2 >
< p > Examples of standard form controls supported in an example form layout.< / p >
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< h3 > Inputs< / h3 >
< p > Most common form control, text-based input fields. Includes support for all HTML5 types: < code > text< / code > , < code > password< / code > , < code > datetime< / code > , < code > datetime-local< / code > , < code > date< / code > , < code > month< / code > , < code > time< / code > , < code > week< / code > , < code > number< / code > , < code > email< / code > , < code > url< / code > , < code > search< / code > , < code > tel< / code > , and < code > color< / code > .< / p >
< div class = "bs-callout bs-callout-danger" >
< h4 > Type declaration required< / h4 >
< p > Inputs will only be fully styled if their < code > type< / code > is properly declared.< / p >
< / div >
< div class = "bs-example" >
< form role = "form" >
< input type = "text" class = "form-control" placeholder = "Text input" >
< / form >
< / div > <!-- /.bs - example -->
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{% highlight html %}
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< input type = "text" class = "form-control" placeholder = "Text input" >
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{% endhighlight %}
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< div class = "bs-callout bs-callout-info" >
< h4 > Input groups< / h4 >
< p > To add integrated text or buttons before and/or after any text-based < code > < input> < / code > , < a href = "../components/#input-groups" > check out the input group component< / a > .< / p >
< / div >
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< h3 > Textarea< / h3 >
< p > Form control which supports multiple lines of text. Change < code > rows< / code > attribute as necessary.< / p >
< div class = "bs-example" >
< form role = "form" >
< textarea class = "form-control" rows = "3" > < / textarea >
< / form >
< / div > <!-- /.bs - example -->
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{% highlight html %}
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< textarea class = "form-control" rows = "3" > < / textarea >
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{% endhighlight %}
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< h3 > Checkboxes and radios< / h3 >
< p > Checkboxes are for selecting one or several options in a list while radios are for selecting one option from many.< / p >
< h4 > Default (stacked)< / h4 >
< div class = "bs-example" >
< form role = "form" >
< div class = "checkbox" >
< label >
< input type = "checkbox" value = "" >
Option one is this and that— be sure to include why it's great
< / label >
< / div >
< br >
< div class = "radio" >
< label >
< input type = "radio" name = "optionsRadios" id = "optionsRadios1" value = "option1" checked >
Option one is this and that— be sure to include why it's great
< / label >
< / div >
< div class = "radio" >
< label >
< input type = "radio" name = "optionsRadios" id = "optionsRadios2" value = "option2" >
Option two can be something else and selecting it will deselect option one
< / label >
< / div >
< / form >
< / div > <!-- /.bs - example -->
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{% highlight html %}
< div class = "checkbox" >
< label >
< input type = "checkbox" value = "" >
Option one is this and that— be sure to include why it's great
< / label >
< / div >
< div class = "radio" >
< label >
< input type = "radio" name = "optionsRadios" id = "optionsRadios1" value = "option1" checked >
Option one is this and that— be sure to include why it's great
< / label >
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< / div >
< div class = "radio" >
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< label >
< input type = "radio" name = "optionsRadios" id = "optionsRadios2" value = "option2" >
Option two can be something else and selecting it will deselect option one
< / label >
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< / div >
{% endhighlight %}
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< h4 > Inline checkboxes< / h4 >
< p > Use the < code > .checkbox-inline< / code > or < code > .radio-inline< / code > classes on a series of checkboxes or radios for controls that appear on the same line.< / p >
< div class = "bs-example" >
< form role = "form" >
< label class = "checkbox-inline" >
< input type = "checkbox" id = "inlineCheckbox1" value = "option1" > 1
< / label >
< label class = "checkbox-inline" >
< input type = "checkbox" id = "inlineCheckbox2" value = "option2" > 2
< / label >
< label class = "checkbox-inline" >
< input type = "checkbox" id = "inlineCheckbox3" value = "option3" > 3
< / label >
< / form >
< / div > <!-- /.bs - example -->
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{% highlight html %}
< label class = "checkbox-inline" >
< input type = "checkbox" id = "inlineCheckbox1" value = "option1" > 1
< / label >
< label class = "checkbox-inline" >
< input type = "checkbox" id = "inlineCheckbox2" value = "option2" > 2
< / label >
< label class = "checkbox-inline" >
< input type = "checkbox" id = "inlineCheckbox3" value = "option3" > 3
< / label >
{% endhighlight %}
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< h3 > Selects< / h3 >
< p > Use the default option, or add < code > multiple< / code > to show multiple options at once.< / p >
< div class = "bs-example" >
< form role = "form" >
< select class = "form-control" >
< option > 1< / option >
< option > 2< / option >
< option > 3< / option >
< option > 4< / option >
< option > 5< / option >
< / select >
< br >
< select multiple class = "form-control" >
< option > 1< / option >
< option > 2< / option >
< option > 3< / option >
< option > 4< / option >
< option > 5< / option >
< / select >
< / form >
< / div > <!-- /.bs - example -->
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{% highlight html %}
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< select class = "form-control" >
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< option > 1< / option >
< option > 2< / option >
< option > 3< / option >
< option > 4< / option >
< option > 5< / option >
< / select >
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< select multiple class = "form-control" >
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< option > 1< / option >
< option > 2< / option >
< option > 3< / option >
< option > 4< / option >
< option > 5< / option >
< / select >
{% endhighlight %}
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< h2 id = "forms-controls-static" > Static control< / h2 >
< p > When you need to place plain text next to a form label within a horizontal form, use the < code > .form-control-static< / code > class on a < code > < p> < / code > .< / p >
< div class = "bs-example" >
< form class = "form-horizontal" role = "form" >
< div class = "form-group" >
< label class = "col-sm-2 control-label" > Email< / label >
< div class = "col-sm-10" >
< p class = "form-control-static" > email@example.com< / p >
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< / div >
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< / div >
< div class = "form-group" >
< label for = "inputPassword" class = "col-sm-2 control-label" > Password< / label >
< div class = "col-sm-10" >
< input type = "password" class = "form-control" id = "inputPassword" placeholder = "Password" >
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< / div >
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< / div >
< / form >
< / div > <!-- /.bs - example -->
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{% highlight html %}
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< form class = "form-horizontal" role = "form" >
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< div class = "form-group" >
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< label class = "col-sm-2 control-label" > Email< / label >
< div class = "col-sm-10" >
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< p class = "form-control-static" > email@example.com< / p >
< / div >
< / div >
< div class = "form-group" >
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< label for = "inputPassword" class = "col-sm-2 control-label" > Password< / label >
< div class = "col-sm-10" >
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< input type = "password" class = "form-control" id = "inputPassword" placeholder = "Password" >
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< / div >
< / div >
< / form >
{% endhighlight %}
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< h2 id = "forms-control-focus" > Input focus< / h2 >
< p > We remove the default < code > outline< / code > styles on some form controls and apply a < code > box-shadow< / code > in its place for < code > :focus< / code > .< / p >
< div class = "bs-example" >
< form role = "form" >
< input class = "form-control" id = "focusedInput" type = "text" value = "Demonstrative focus state" >
< / form >
< / div >
< div class = "bs-callout bs-callout-info" >
< h4 > Demo < code > :focus< / code > state< / h4 >
< p > The above example input uses custom styles in our documentation to demonstrate the < code > :focus< / code > state on a < code > .form-control< / code > .< / p >
< / div >
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< h2 id = "forms-control-disabled" > Disabled inputs< / h2 >
< p > Add the < code > disabled< / code > attribute on an input to prevent user input and trigger a slightly different look.< / p >
< div class = "bs-example" >
< form role = "form" >
< input class = "form-control" id = "disabledInput" type = "text" placeholder = "Disabled input here…" disabled >
< / form >
< / div > <!-- /.bs - example -->
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{% highlight html %}
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< input class = "form-control" id = "disabledInput" type = "text" placeholder = "Disabled input here..." disabled >
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{% endhighlight %}
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< h3 id = "forms-disabled-fieldsets" > Disabled fieldsets< / h3 >
< p > Add the < code > disabled< / code > attribute to a < code > < fieldset> < / code > to disable all the controls within the < code > < fieldset> < / code > at once.< / p >
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< div class = "bs-callout bs-callout-warning" >
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< h4 > Caveat about link functionality of < code > < a> < / code > < / h4 >
< p > Our styles use < code > pointer-events: none< / code > to try to disable the link functionality of < code > < a class="btn btn-*"> < / code > buttons in this case, but that CSS property is not yet standardized and isn't fully supported in Opera 18 and below, or in Internet Explorer 11. So to be safe, use custom JavaScript to disable such links.< / p >
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< / div >
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< div class = "bs-callout bs-callout-danger" >
< h4 > Cross-browser compatibility< / h4 >
< p > While Bootstrap will apply these styles in all browsers, Internet Explorer 9 and below don't actually support the < code > disabled< / code > attribute on a < code > < fieldset> < / code > . Use custom JavaScript to disable the fieldset in these browsers.< / p >
< / div >
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< div class = "bs-example" >
< form role = "form" >
< fieldset disabled >
< div class = "form-group" >
< label for = "disabledTextInput" > Disabled input< / label >
< input type = "text" id = "disabledTextInput" class = "form-control" placeholder = "Disabled input" >
< / div >
< div class = "form-group" >
< label for = "disabledSelect" > Disabled select menu< / label >
< select id = "disabledSelect" class = "form-control" >
< option > Disabled select< / option >
< / select >
< / div >
< div class = "checkbox" >
< label >
< input type = "checkbox" > Can't check this
< / label >
< / div >
< button type = "submit" class = "btn btn-primary" > Submit< / button >
< / fieldset >
< / form >
< / div > <!-- /.bs - example -->
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{% highlight html %}
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< form role = "form" >
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< fieldset disabled >
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< div class = "form-group" >
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< label for = "disabledTextInput" > Disabled input< / label >
< input type = "text" id = "disabledTextInput" class = "form-control" placeholder = "Disabled input" >
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< / div >
< div class = "form-group" >
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< label for = "disabledSelect" > Disabled select menu< / label >
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< select id = "disabledSelect" class = "form-control" >
< option > Disabled select< / option >
< / select >
< / div >
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< div class = "checkbox" >
< label >
< input type = "checkbox" > Can't check this
< / label >
< / div >
< button type = "submit" class = "btn btn-primary" > Submit< / button >
< / fieldset >
< / form >
{% endhighlight %}
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< h2 id = "forms-control-validation" > Validation states< / h2 >
< p > Bootstrap includes validation styles for error, warning, and success states on form controls. To use, add < code > .has-warning< / code > , < code > .has-error< / code > , or < code > .has-success< / code > to the parent element. Any < code > .control-label< / code > , < code > .form-control< / code > , and < code > .help-block< / code > within that element will receive the validation styles.< / p >
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< div class = "bs-example" >
< form role = "form" >
< div class = "form-group has-success" >
< label class = "control-label" for = "inputSuccess1" > Input with success< / label >
< input type = "text" class = "form-control" id = "inputSuccess1" >
< / div >
< div class = "form-group has-warning" >
< label class = "control-label" for = "inputWarning1" > Input with warning< / label >
< input type = "text" class = "form-control" id = "inputWarning1" >
< / div >
< div class = "form-group has-error" >
< label class = "control-label" for = "inputError1" > Input with error< / label >
< input type = "text" class = "form-control" id = "inputError1" >
< / div >
< / form >
< / div > <!-- /.bs - example -->
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{% highlight html %}
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< div class = "form-group has-success" >
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< label class = "control-label" for = "inputSuccess1" > Input with success< / label >
< input type = "text" class = "form-control" id = "inputSuccess1" >
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< / div >
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< div class = "form-group has-warning" >
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< label class = "control-label" for = "inputWarning1" > Input with warning< / label >
< input type = "text" class = "form-control" id = "inputWarning1" >
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< / div >
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< div class = "form-group has-error" >
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< label class = "control-label" for = "inputError1" > Input with error< / label >
< input type = "text" class = "form-control" id = "inputError1" >
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< / div >
{% endhighlight %}
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< h3 > With optional icons< / h3 >
< p > You can also add optional feedback icons with the addition of an extra class and the right icon.< / p >
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< div class = "bs-callout bs-callout-warning" >
< h4 > Icons and input groups< / h4 >
< p > When using the feedback icons, be aware that manual positioning may be required for < a href = "../components#input-groups" > input groups< / a > with an add-on on the right. Adjust the < code > right: 0;< / code > to an appropriate pixel value depending on the width of your addon.< / p >
< / div >
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< div class = "bs-example" >
< form role = "form" >
< div class = "form-group has-success has-feedback" >
< label class = "control-label" for = "inputSuccess2" > Input with success< / label >
< input type = "text" class = "form-control" id = "inputSuccess2" >
< span class = "glyphicon glyphicon-ok form-control-feedback" > < / span >
< / div >
< div class = "form-group has-warning has-feedback" >
< label class = "control-label" for = "inputWarning2" > Input with warning< / label >
< input type = "text" class = "form-control" id = "inputWarning2" >
< span class = "glyphicon glyphicon-warning-sign form-control-feedback" > < / span >
< / div >
< div class = "form-group has-error has-feedback" >
< label class = "control-label" for = "inputError2" > Input with error< / label >
< input type = "text" class = "form-control" id = "inputError2" >
< span class = "glyphicon glyphicon-remove form-control-feedback" > < / span >
< / div >
< / form >
< / div >
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{% highlight html %}
< div class = "form-group has-success has-feedback" >
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< label class = "control-label" for = "inputSuccess2" > Input with success< / label >
< input type = "text" class = "form-control" id = "inputSuccess2" >
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< span class = "glyphicon glyphicon-ok form-control-feedback" > < / span >
< / div >
< div class = "form-group has-warning has-feedback" >
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< label class = "control-label" for = "inputWarning2" > Input with warning< / label >
< input type = "text" class = "form-control" id = "inputWarning2" >
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< span class = "glyphicon glyphicon-warning-sign form-control-feedback" > < / span >
< / div >
< div class = "form-group has-error has-feedback" >
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< label class = "control-label" for = "inputError2" > Input with error< / label >
< input type = "text" class = "form-control" id = "inputError2" >
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< span class = "glyphicon glyphicon-remove form-control-feedback" > < / span >
< / div >
{% endhighlight %}
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< p > Optional icons also work on horizontal and inline forms.< / p >
< div class = "bs-example" >
< form class = "form-horizontal" role = "form" >
< div class = "form-group has-success has-feedback" >
< label class = "control-label col-sm-3" for = "inputSuccess3" > Input with success< / label >
< div class = "col-sm-9" >
< input type = "text" class = "form-control" id = "inputSuccess3" >
< span class = "glyphicon glyphicon-ok form-control-feedback" > < / span >
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< / div >
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< / div >
< / form >
< / div >
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{% highlight html %}
< form class = "form-horizontal" role = "form" >
< div class = "form-group has-success has-feedback" >
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< label class = "control-label col-sm-3" for = "inputSuccess3" > Input with success< / label >
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< div class = "col-sm-9" >
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< input type = "text" class = "form-control" id = "inputSuccess3" >
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< span class = "glyphicon glyphicon-ok form-control-feedback" > < / span >
< / div >
< / div >
< / form >
{% endhighlight %}
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< div class = "bs-example" >
< form class = "form-inline" role = "form" >
< div class = "form-group has-success has-feedback" >
< label class = "control-label" for = "inputSuccess4" > Input with success< / label >
< input type = "text" class = "form-control" id = "inputSuccess4" >
< span class = "glyphicon glyphicon-ok form-control-feedback" > < / span >
< / div >
< / form >
< / div >
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{% highlight html %}
< form class = "form-inline" role = "form" >
< div class = "form-group has-success has-feedback" >
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< label class = "control-label" for = "inputSuccess4" > Input with success< / label >
< input type = "text" class = "form-control" id = "inputSuccess4" >
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< span class = "glyphicon glyphicon-ok form-control-feedback" > < / span >
< / div >
< / form >
{% endhighlight %}
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< h2 id = "forms-control-sizes" > Control sizing< / h2 >
< p > Set heights using classes like < code > .input-lg< / code > , and set widths using grid column classes like < code > .col-lg-*< / code > .< / p >
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< h3 > Height sizing< / h3 >
< p > Create taller or shorter form controls that match button sizes.< / p >
< div class = "bs-example bs-example-control-sizing" >
< form role = "form" >
< div class = "controls" >
< input class = "form-control input-lg" type = "text" placeholder = ".input-lg" >
< input type = "text" class = "form-control" placeholder = "Default input" >
< input class = "form-control input-sm" type = "text" placeholder = ".input-sm" >
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< select class = "form-control input-lg" >
< option value = "" > .input-lg< / option >
< / select >
< select class = "form-control" >
< option value = "" > Default select< / option >
< / select >
< select class = "form-control input-sm" >
< option value = "" > .input-sm< / option >
< / select >
< / div >
< / form >
< / div > <!-- /.bs - example -->
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{% highlight html %}
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< input class = "form-control input-lg" type = "text" placeholder = ".input-lg" >
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< input class = "form-control" type = "text" placeholder = "Default input" >
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< input class = "form-control input-sm" type = "text" placeholder = ".input-sm" >
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< select class = "form-control input-lg" > ...< / select >
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< select class = "form-control" > ...< / select >
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< select class = "form-control input-sm" > ...< / select >
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{% endhighlight %}
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< h3 > Column sizing< / h3 >
< p > Wrap inputs in grid columns, or any custom parent element, to easily enforce desired widths.< / p >
< div class = "bs-example" >
< form role = "form" >
< div class = "row" >
< div class = "col-xs-2" >
< input type = "text" class = "form-control" placeholder = ".col-xs-2" >
< / div >
< div class = "col-xs-3" >
< input type = "text" class = "form-control" placeholder = ".col-xs-3" >
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< / div >
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< div class = "col-xs-4" >
< input type = "text" class = "form-control" placeholder = ".col-xs-4" >
< / div >
< / div >
< / form >
< / div > <!-- /.bs - example -->
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{% highlight html %}
< div class = "row" >
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< div class = "col-xs-2" >
< input type = "text" class = "form-control" placeholder = ".col-xs-2" >
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< / div >
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< div class = "col-xs-3" >
< input type = "text" class = "form-control" placeholder = ".col-xs-3" >
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< / div >
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< div class = "col-xs-4" >
< input type = "text" class = "form-control" placeholder = ".col-xs-4" >
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< / div >
< / div >
{% endhighlight %}
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< h2 id = "forms-help-text" > Help text< / h2 >
< p > Block level help text for form controls.< / p >
< div class = "bs-example" >
< form role = "form" >
< input type = "text" class = "form-control" >
< span class = "help-block" > A block of help text that breaks onto a new line and may extend beyond one line.< / span >
< / form >
< / div > <!-- /.bs - example -->
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{% highlight html %}
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< span class = "help-block" > A block of help text that breaks onto a new line and may extend beyond one line.< / span >
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{% endhighlight %}
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< / div >
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<!-- Buttons
================================================== -->
< div class = "bs-docs-section" >
< h1 id = "buttons" class = "page-header" > Buttons< / h1 >
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< h2 id = "buttons-options" > Options< / h2 >
< p > Use any of the available button classes to quickly create a styled button.< / p >
< div class = "bs-example" >
< button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default" > Default< / button >
< button type = "button" class = "btn btn-primary" > Primary< / button >
< button type = "button" class = "btn btn-success" > Success< / button >
< button type = "button" class = "btn btn-info" > Info< / button >
< button type = "button" class = "btn btn-warning" > Warning< / button >
< button type = "button" class = "btn btn-danger" > Danger< / button >
< button type = "button" class = "btn btn-link" > Link< / button >
< / div >
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{% highlight html %}
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<!-- Standard button -->
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< button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default" > Default< / button >
<!-- Provides extra visual weight and identifies the primary action in a set of buttons -->
< button type = "button" class = "btn btn-primary" > Primary< / button >
<!-- Indicates a successful or positive action -->
< button type = "button" class = "btn btn-success" > Success< / button >
<!-- Contextual button for informational alert messages -->
< button type = "button" class = "btn btn-info" > Info< / button >
<!-- Indicates caution should be taken with this action -->
< button type = "button" class = "btn btn-warning" > Warning< / button >
<!-- Indicates a dangerous or potentially negative action -->
< button type = "button" class = "btn btn-danger" > Danger< / button >
<!-- Deemphasize a button by making it look like a link while maintaining button behavior -->
< button type = "button" class = "btn btn-link" > Link< / button >
{% endhighlight %}
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< h2 id = "buttons-sizes" > Sizes< / h2 >
< p > Fancy larger or smaller buttons? Add < code > .btn-lg< / code > , < code > .btn-sm< / code > , or < code > .btn-xs< / code > for additional sizes.< / p >
< div class = "bs-example" >
< p >
< button type = "button" class = "btn btn-primary btn-lg" > Large button< / button >
< button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default btn-lg" > Large button< / button >
< / p >
< p >
< button type = "button" class = "btn btn-primary" > Default button< / button >
< button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default" > Default button< / button >
< / p >
< p >
< button type = "button" class = "btn btn-primary btn-sm" > Small button< / button >
< button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default btn-sm" > Small button< / button >
< / p >
< p >
< button type = "button" class = "btn btn-primary btn-xs" > Extra small button< / button >
< button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default btn-xs" > Extra small button< / button >
< / p >
< / div >
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{% highlight html %}
< p >
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< button type = "button" class = "btn btn-primary btn-lg" > Large button< / button >
< button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default btn-lg" > Large button< / button >
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< / p >
< p >
< button type = "button" class = "btn btn-primary" > Default button< / button >
< button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default" > Default button< / button >
< / p >
< p >
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< button type = "button" class = "btn btn-primary btn-sm" > Small button< / button >
< button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default btn-sm" > Small button< / button >
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< / p >
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< p >
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< button type = "button" class = "btn btn-primary btn-xs" > Extra small button< / button >
< button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default btn-xs" > Extra small button< / button >
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< / p >
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{% endhighlight %}
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< p > Create block level buttons— those that span the full width of a parent— by adding < code > .btn-block< / code > .< / p >
< div class = "bs-example" >
< div class = "well" style = "max-width: 400px; margin: 0 auto 10px;" >
< button type = "button" class = "btn btn-primary btn-lg btn-block" > Block level button< / button >
< button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default btn-lg btn-block" > Block level button< / button >
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< / div >
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< / div >
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{% highlight html %}
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< button type = "button" class = "btn btn-primary btn-lg btn-block" > Block level button< / button >
< button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default btn-lg btn-block" > Block level button< / button >
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{% endhighlight %}
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< h2 id = "buttons-active" > Active state< / h2 >
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< p > Buttons will appear pressed (with a darker background, darker border, and inset shadow) when active. For < code > < button> < / code > elements, this is done via < code > :active< / code > . For < code > < a> < / code > elements, it's done with < code > .active< / code > . However, you may use < code > .active< / code > on < code > < button> < / code > s should you need to replicate the active state progammatically.< / p >
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< h3 > Button element< / h3 >
< p > No need to add < code > :active< / code > as it's a pseudo-class, but if you need to force the same appearance, go ahead and add < code > .active< / code > .< / p >
< p class = "bs-example" >
< button type = "button" class = "btn btn-primary btn-lg active" > Primary button< / button >
< button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default btn-lg active" > Button< / button >
< / p >
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{% highlight html %}
< button type = "button" class = "btn btn-primary btn-lg active" > Primary button< / button >
< button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default btn-lg active" > Button< / button >
{% endhighlight %}
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< h3 > Anchor element< / h3 >
< p > Add the < code > .active< / code > class to < code > < a> < / code > buttons.< / p >
< p class = "bs-example" >
< a href = "#" class = "btn btn-primary btn-lg active" role = "button" > Primary link< / a >
< a href = "#" class = "btn btn-default btn-lg active" role = "button" > Link< / a >
< / p >
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{% highlight html %}
< a href = "#" class = "btn btn-primary btn-lg active" role = "button" > Primary link< / a >
< a href = "#" class = "btn btn-default btn-lg active" role = "button" > Link< / a >
{% endhighlight %}
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< h2 id = "buttons-disabled" > Disabled state< / h2 >
< p > Make buttons look unclickable by fading them back 50%.< / p >
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< h3 > Button element< / h3 >
< p > Add the < code > disabled< / code > attribute to < code > < button> < / code > buttons.< / p >
< p class = "bs-example" >
< button type = "button" class = "btn btn-primary btn-lg" disabled = "disabled" > Primary button< / button >
< button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default btn-lg" disabled = "disabled" > Button< / button >
< / p >
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{% highlight html %}
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< button type = "button" class = "btn btn-lg btn-primary" disabled = "disabled" > Primary button< / button >
< button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default btn-lg" disabled = "disabled" > Button< / button >
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{% endhighlight %}
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< div class = "bs-callout bs-callout-danger" >
< h4 > Cross-browser compatibility< / h4 >
< p > If you add the < code > disabled< / code > attribute to a < code > < button> < / code > , Internet Explorer 9 and below will render text gray with a nasty text-shadow that we cannot fix.< / p >
< / div >
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< h3 > Anchor element< / h3 >
< p > Add the < code > .disabled< / code > class to < code > < a> < / code > buttons.< / p >
< p class = "bs-example" >
< a href = "#" class = "btn btn-primary btn-lg disabled" role = "button" > Primary link< / a >
< a href = "#" class = "btn btn-default btn-lg disabled" role = "button" > Link< / a >
< / p >
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{% highlight html %}
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< a href = "#" class = "btn btn-primary btn-lg disabled" role = "button" > Primary link< / a >
< a href = "#" class = "btn btn-default btn-lg disabled" role = "button" > Link< / a >
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{% endhighlight %}
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< p >
We use < code > .disabled< / code > as a utility class here, similar to the common < code > .active< / code > class, so no prefix is required.
< / p >
< div class = "bs-callout bs-callout-warning" >
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< h4 > Link functionality caveat< / h4 >
< p > This class uses < code > pointer-events: none< / code > to try to disable the link functionality of < code > < a> < / code > s, but that CSS property is not yet standardized and isn't fully supported in Opera 18 and below, or in Internet Explorer 11. So to be safe, use custom JavaScript to disable such links.< / p >
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< / div >
< div class = "bs-callout bs-callout-warning" >
< h4 > Context-specific usage< / h4 >
< p > While button classes can be used on < code > < a> < / code > and < code > < button> < / code > elements, only < code > < button> < / code > elements are supported within our nav and navbar components.< / p >
< / div >
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< h2 id = "buttons-tags" > Button tags< / h2 >
< p > Use the button classes on an < code > < a> < / code > , < code > < button> < / code > , or < code > < input> < / code > element.< / p >
< form class = "bs-example" >
< a class = "btn btn-default" href = "#" role = "button" > Link< / a >
< button class = "btn btn-default" type = "submit" > Button< / button >
< input class = "btn btn-default" type = "button" value = "Input" >
< input class = "btn btn-default" type = "submit" value = "Submit" >
< / form >
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{% highlight html %}
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< a class = "btn btn-default" href = "#" role = "button" > Link< / a >
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< button class = "btn btn-default" type = "submit" > Button< / button >
< input class = "btn btn-default" type = "button" value = "Input" >
< input class = "btn btn-default" type = "submit" value = "Submit" >
{% endhighlight %}
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< div class = "bs-callout bs-callout-warning" >
< h4 > Cross-browser rendering< / h4 >
< p > As a best practice, < strong > we highly recommend using the < code > < button> < / code > element whenever possible< / strong > to ensure matching cross-browser rendering.< / p >
< p > Among other things, there's < a href = "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=697451" > a Firefox bug< / a > that prevents us from setting the < code > line-height< / code > of < code > < input> < / code > -based buttons, causing them to not exactly match the height of other buttons on Firefox.< / p >
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< / div >
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< / div >
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<!-- Images
================================================== -->
< div class = "bs-docs-section" >
< h1 id = "images" class = "page-header" > Images< / h1 >
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< h2 id = "images-responsive" > Responsive images< / h2 >
< p > Images in Bootstrap 3 can be made responsive-friendly via the addition of the < code > .img-responsive< / code > class. This applies < code > max-width: 100%;< / code > and < code > height: auto;< / code > to the image so that it scales nicely to the parent element.< / p >
{% highlight html %}
< img src = "..." class = "img-responsive" alt = "Responsive image" >
{% endhighlight %}
< h2 id = "images-shapes" > Image shapes< / h2 >
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< p > Add classes to an < code > < img> < / code > element to easily style images in any project.< / p >
< div class = "bs-callout bs-callout-danger" >
< h4 > Cross-browser compatibility< / h4 >
< p > Keep in mind that Internet Explorer 8 lacks support for rounded corners.< / p >
< / div >
< div class = "bs-example bs-example-images" >
< img data-src = "holder.js/140x140" class = "img-rounded" alt = "A generic square placeholder image with rounded corners" >
< img data-src = "holder.js/140x140" class = "img-circle" alt = "A generic square placeholder image where only the portion within the circle circumscribed about said square is visible" >
< img data-src = "holder.js/140x140" class = "img-thumbnail" alt = "A generic square placeholder image with a white border around it, making it resemble a photograph taken with an old instant camera" >
< / div >
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{% highlight html %}
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< img src = "..." alt = "..." class = "img-rounded" >
< img src = "..." alt = "..." class = "img-circle" >
< img src = "..." alt = "..." class = "img-thumbnail" >
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{% endhighlight %}
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< / div >
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<!-- Helpers
================================================== -->
< div class = "bs-docs-section" >
< h1 id = "helper-classes" class = "page-header" > Helper classes< / h1 >
< h3 id = "helper-classes-colors" > Contextual colors< / h3 >
< p > Convey meaning through color with a handful of emphasis utility classes. These may also be applied to links and will darken on hover just like our default link styles.< / p >
< div class = "bs-example" >
< p class = "text-muted" > Fusce dapibus, tellus ac cursus commodo, tortor mauris nibh.< / p >
< p class = "text-primary" > Nullam id dolor id nibh ultricies vehicula ut id elit.< / p >
< p class = "text-success" > Duis mollis, est non commodo luctus, nisi erat porttitor ligula.< / p >
< p class = "text-info" > Maecenas sed diam eget risus varius blandit sit amet non magna.< / p >
< p class = "text-warning" > Etiam porta sem malesuada magna mollis euismod.< / p >
< p class = "text-danger" > Donec ullamcorper nulla non metus auctor fringilla.< / p >
< / div >
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{% highlight html %}
< p class = "text-muted" > ...< / p >
< p class = "text-primary" > ...< / p >
< p class = "text-success" > ...< / p >
< p class = "text-info" > ...< / p >
< p class = "text-warning" > ...< / p >
< p class = "text-danger" > ...< / p >
{% endhighlight %}
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< div class = "bs-callout bs-callout-info" >
< h4 > Dealing with specificity< / h4 >
< p > Sometimes emphasis classes cannot be applied due to the specificity of another selector. In most cases, a sufficient workaround is to wrap your text in a < code > < span> < / code > with the class.< / p >
< / div >
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< h3 id = "helper-classes-backgrounds" > Contextual backgrounds< / h3 >
< p > Similar to the contextual text color classes, easily set the background of an element to any contextual class. Anchor components will darken on hover, just like the text classes.< / p >
< div class = "bs-example bs-example-bg-classes" >
< p class = "bg-primary" > Nullam id dolor id nibh ultricies vehicula ut id elit.< / p >
< p class = "bg-success" > Duis mollis, est non commodo luctus, nisi erat porttitor ligula.< / p >
< p class = "bg-info" > Maecenas sed diam eget risus varius blandit sit amet non magna.< / p >
< p class = "bg-warning" > Etiam porta sem malesuada magna mollis euismod.< / p >
< p class = "bg-danger" > Donec ullamcorper nulla non metus auctor fringilla.< / p >
< / div >
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{% highlight html %}
< p class = "bg-primary" > ...< / p >
< p class = "bg-success" > ...< / p >
< p class = "bg-info" > ...< / p >
< p class = "bg-warning" > ...< / p >
< p class = "bg-danger" > ...< / p >
{% endhighlight %}
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< h3 id = "helper-classes-close" > Close icon< / h3 >
< p > Use the generic close icon for dismissing content like modals and alerts.< / p >
< div class = "bs-example" >
< p > < button type = "button" class = "close" aria-hidden = "true" > × < / button > < / p >
< / div >
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{% highlight html %}
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< button type = "button" class = "close" aria-hidden = "true" > × < / button >
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{% endhighlight %}
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< h3 id = "helper-classes-carets" > Carets< / h3 >
< p > Use carets to indicate dropdown functionality and direction. Note that the default caret will reverse automatically in < a href = "../components/#btn-dropdowns-dropup" > dropup menus< / a > .< / p >
< div class = "bs-example" >
< span class = "caret" > < / span >
< / div >
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{% highlight html %}
< span class = "caret" > < / span >
{% endhighlight %}
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< h3 id = "helper-classes-floats" > Quick floats< / h3 >
< p > Float an element to the left or right with a class. < code > !important< / code > is included to avoid specificity issues. Classes can also be used as mixins.< / p >
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{% highlight html %}
< div class = "pull-left" > ...< / div >
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< div class = "pull-right" > ...< / div >
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{% endhighlight %}
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{% highlight scss %}
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// Classes
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.pull-left {
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float: left !important;
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}
.pull-right {
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float: right !important;
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}
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// Usage as mixins
.element {
.pull-left();
}
.another-element {
.pull-right();
}
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{% endhighlight %}
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< div class = "bs-callout bs-callout-warning" >
< h4 > Not for use in navbars< / h4 >
< p > To align components in navbars with utility classes, use < code > .navbar-left< / code > or < code > .navbar-right< / code > instead. < a href = "../components/#navbar-component-alignment" > See the navbar docs< / a > for details.< / p >
< / div >
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< h3 id = "helper-classes-center" > Center content blocks< / h3 >
< p > Set an element to < code > display: block< / code > and center via < code > margin< / code > . Available as a mixin and class.< / p >
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{% highlight html %}
< div class = "center-block" > ...< / div >
{% endhighlight %}
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{% highlight scss %}
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// Classes
.center-block {
display: block;
margin-left: auto;
margin-right: auto;
}
// Usage as mixins
.element {
.center-block();
}
{% endhighlight %}
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< h3 id = "helper-classes-clearfix" > Clearfix< / h3 >
< p > Clear the < code > float< / code > on any element with the < code > .clearfix< / code > class. Utilizes < a href = "http://nicolasgallagher.com/micro-clearfix-hack/" > the micro clearfix< / a > as popularized by Nicolas Gallagher. Can also be used as a mixin.< / p >
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{% highlight html %}
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<!-- Usage as a class -->
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< div class = "clearfix" > ...< / div >
{% endhighlight %}
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{% highlight scss %}
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// Mixin itself
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.clearfix() {
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& :before,
& :after {
content: " ";
display: table;
}
& :after {
clear: both;
}
}
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// Usage as a Mixin
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.element {
.clearfix();
}
Improve accessibility (Section 508, WCAG)
This PR significantly improves Bootstrap's accessibility for users of assistive technology, such as screen readers. Some of the these changes add additional markup to the source examples, but we believe that the sacrifice in readability is worth achieving more widespread usage of accessibility best-practices.
What was done
- Added lots of [WAI-ARIA attributes](http://www.w3.org/WAI/intro/aria)
- Added `.sr-only` helper class, that is only readable by screen readers (and invisible for all other users). This lets us - make progress bars and paginations accessible to screen reading users.
- Advised users to always use label elements. For inline forms, they can hide them with `.sr-only`
- Added 'Skip navigation' link
- Added "Accessibility" section to getting-started.html.
What *wasn't* done
- Contrast issues (twbs#3572)
- Tooltips (twbs#8469)
- Documentation re: usage of icons, since they now live in a separate repo
Major props to all that contributed: @bensheldon, @jasonlally, @criscristina, and @louh. Feel free to chime in, guys, if I've left anything out.
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{% endhighlight %}
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< h3 id = "helper-classes-show-hide" > Showing and hiding content< / h3 >
< p > Force an element to be shown or hidden (< strong > including for screen readers< / strong > ) with the use of < code > .show< / code > and < code > .hidden< / code > classes. These classes use < code > !important< / code > to avoid specificity conflicts, just like the < a href = "#helper-classes-floats" > quick floats< / a > . They are only available for block level toggling. They can also be used as mixins.< / p >
< p > < code > .hide< / code > is available, but it does not always affect screen readers and is < strong > deprecated< / strong > as of v3.0.1. Use < code > .hidden< / code > or < code > .sr-only< / code > instead.< / p >
< p > Furthermore, < code > .invisible< / code > can be used to toggle only the visibility of an element, meaning its < code > display< / code > is not modified and the element can still affect the flow of the document.< / p >
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{% highlight html %}
< div class = "show" > ...< / div >
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< div class = "hidden" > ...< / div >
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{% endhighlight %}
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{% highlight scss %}
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// Classes
.show {
display: block !important;
}
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.hidden {
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display: none !important;
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visibility: hidden !important;
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}
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.invisible {
visibility: hidden;
}
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// Usage as mixins
.element {
.show();
}
.another-element {
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.hidden();
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}
{% endhighlight %}
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< h3 id = "helper-classes-screen-readers" > Screen reader content< / h3 >
< p > Hide an element to all devices < strong > except screen readers< / strong > with < code > .sr-only< / code > . Necessary for following < a href = "../getting-started/#accessibility" > accessibility best practices< / a > . Can also be used as a mixin.< / p >
Improve accessibility (Section 508, WCAG)
This PR significantly improves Bootstrap's accessibility for users of assistive technology, such as screen readers. Some of the these changes add additional markup to the source examples, but we believe that the sacrifice in readability is worth achieving more widespread usage of accessibility best-practices.
What was done
- Added lots of [WAI-ARIA attributes](http://www.w3.org/WAI/intro/aria)
- Added `.sr-only` helper class, that is only readable by screen readers (and invisible for all other users). This lets us - make progress bars and paginations accessible to screen reading users.
- Advised users to always use label elements. For inline forms, they can hide them with `.sr-only`
- Added 'Skip navigation' link
- Added "Accessibility" section to getting-started.html.
What *wasn't* done
- Contrast issues (twbs#3572)
- Tooltips (twbs#8469)
- Documentation re: usage of icons, since they now live in a separate repo
Major props to all that contributed: @bensheldon, @jasonlally, @criscristina, and @louh. Feel free to chime in, guys, if I've left anything out.
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{% highlight html %}
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< a class = "sr-only" href = "#content" > Skip to main content< / a >
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{% endhighlight %}
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{% highlight scss %}
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// Usage as a Mixin
.skip-navigation {
.sr-only();
}
{% endhighlight %}
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< h3 id = "helper-classes-image-replacement" > Image replacement< / h3 >
< p > Utilize the < code > .text-hide< / code > class or mixin to help replace an element's text content with a background image.< / p >
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{% highlight html %}
< h1 class = "text-hide" > Custom heading< / h1 >
{% endhighlight %}
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{% highlight scss %}
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// Usage as a Mixin
.heading {
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.text-hide();
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}
{% endhighlight %}
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< / div >
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<!-- Responsive utilities
================================================== -->
< div class = "bs-docs-section" >
< h1 id = "responsive-utilities" class = "page-header" > Responsive utilities< / h1 >
< p class = "lead" > For faster mobile-friendly development, use these utility classes for showing and hiding content by device via media query. Also included are utility classes for toggling content when printed.< / p >
< p > Try to use these on a limited basis and avoid creating entirely different versions of the same site. Instead, use them to complement each device's presentation. < strong > Responsive utilities are currently only available for block and table toggling.< / strong > Use with inline and table elements is currently not supported.< / p >
< h2 id = "responsive-utilities-classes" > Available classes< / h2 >
< p > Use a single or combination of the available classes for toggling content across viewport breakpoints.< / p >
< div class = "table-responsive" >
< table class = "table table-bordered table-striped responsive-utilities" >
< thead >
< tr >
< th > < / th >
< th >
Extra small devices
< small > Phones (< 768px)< / small >
< / th >
< th >
Small devices
< small > Tablets (≥ 768px)< / small >
< / th >
< th >
Medium devices
< small > Desktops (≥ 992px)< / small >
< / th >
< th >
Large devices
< small > Desktops (≥ 1200px)< / small >
< / th >
< / tr >
< / thead >
< tbody >
< tr >
< th > < code > .visible-xs< / code > < / th >
< td class = "is-visible" > Visible< / td >
< td class = "is-hidden" > Hidden< / td >
< td class = "is-hidden" > Hidden< / td >
< td class = "is-hidden" > Hidden< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< th > < code > .visible-sm< / code > < / th >
< td class = "is-hidden" > Hidden< / td >
< td class = "is-visible" > Visible< / td >
< td class = "is-hidden" > Hidden< / td >
< td class = "is-hidden" > Hidden< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< th > < code > .visible-md< / code > < / th >
< td class = "is-hidden" > Hidden< / td >
< td class = "is-hidden" > Hidden< / td >
< td class = "is-visible" > Visible< / td >
< td class = "is-hidden" > Hidden< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< th > < code > .visible-lg< / code > < / th >
< td class = "is-hidden" > Hidden< / td >
< td class = "is-hidden" > Hidden< / td >
< td class = "is-hidden" > Hidden< / td >
< td class = "is-visible" > Visible< / td >
< / tr >
< / tbody >
< tbody >
< tr >
< th > < code > .hidden-xs< / code > < / th >
< td class = "is-hidden" > Hidden< / td >
< td class = "is-visible" > Visible< / td >
< td class = "is-visible" > Visible< / td >
< td class = "is-visible" > Visible< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< th > < code > .hidden-sm< / code > < / th >
< td class = "is-visible" > Visible< / td >
< td class = "is-hidden" > Hidden< / td >
< td class = "is-visible" > Visible< / td >
< td class = "is-visible" > Visible< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< th > < code > .hidden-md< / code > < / th >
< td class = "is-visible" > Visible< / td >
< td class = "is-visible" > Visible< / td >
< td class = "is-hidden" > Hidden< / td >
< td class = "is-visible" > Visible< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< th > < code > .hidden-lg< / code > < / th >
< td class = "is-visible" > Visible< / td >
< td class = "is-visible" > Visible< / td >
< td class = "is-visible" > Visible< / td >
< td class = "is-hidden" > Hidden< / td >
< / tr >
< / tbody >
< / table >
< / div >
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< h2 id = "responsive-utilities-print" > Print classes< / h2 >
< p > Similar to the regular responsive classes, use these for toggling content for print.< / p >
< div class = "table-responsive" >
< table class = "table table-bordered table-striped responsive-utilities" >
< thead >
< tr >
< th > Class< / th >
< th > Browser< / th >
< th > Print< / th >
< / tr >
< / thead >
< tbody >
< tr >
< th > < code > .visible-print< / code > < / th >
< td class = "is-hidden" > Hidden< / td >
< td class = "is-visible" > Visible< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< th > < code > .hidden-print< / code > < / th >
< td class = "is-visible" > Visible< / td >
< td class = "is-hidden" > Hidden< / td >
< / tr >
< / tbody >
< / table >
< / div >
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< h2 id = "responsive-utilities-tests" > Test cases< / h2 >
< p > Resize your browser or load on different devices to test the responsive utility classes.< / p >
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< h3 > Visible on...< / h3 >
< p > Green checkmarks indicate the element < strong > is visible< / strong > in your current viewport.< / p >
< div class = "row responsive-utilities-test visible-on" >
< div class = "col-xs-6 col-sm-3" >
< span class = "hidden-xs" > Extra small< / span >
< span class = "visible-xs" > ✔ Visible on x-small< / span >
Media query (grid and responsive utilities) overhaul
Grid classes have been changed to account for a fourth set of classes,
meaning we now have XS, S, M, and L options. Specifically, we made the
following changes:
* Renames `.col-` to `.col-xs-`
* Adds `.col-md-` for devices 992px wide and up
* Remaps `.col-lg-` for devices 1200px wide and up
Alongside that, we've updated our media queries to better handle
advanced grid layouts:
* All column classes now kick in when they hit a `min-width`, undoing
the #9128 fix in
https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/commit/db45a60cc86190a060f0baf0b3961cb
c690f3a65
* All column offsets, pushes, and pulls are scoped to an appropriate
range, meaning a `min-width` and `max-width` (thanks for the idea,
@eratzlaff)
We've also modified the widths of our grid containers for the small
device grid (now a max 720px instead of 728px) and large device grid
(now a max 1140px instead of 1170px) to avoid horizontal scrollbar
problems in Firefox (likely due to box-sizing, which is why we didn't
see it in 2.x).
Similarly, we've updated the responsive ultility classes to match the
new four media query approach of the grid system. That means we've:
* Added new `.visible-xs` and `.hidden-xs` classes
* Reassigns visible and hidden classes for small, medium, and large to
matching grid system media queries
* Updates docs examples to match grid system and account for fourth
utility range
-----
Fixes the following:
* #9135: fourth grid tier
* #9302: undoes previous range change for small grid system, so no need
to update any docs here
* #8755: consistent grid and responsive utilities schemas)
* #9195, #9216, and #9227: no more horizontal scrollbars
2013-08-12 15:28:50 +08:00
< / div >
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< div class = "col-xs-6 col-sm-3" >
< span class = "hidden-sm" > Small< / span >
< span class = "visible-sm" > ✔ Visible on small< / span >
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< / div >
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< div class = "clearfix visible-xs" > < / div >
< div class = "col-xs-6 col-sm-3" >
< span class = "hidden-md" > Medium< / span >
< span class = "visible-md" > ✔ Visible on medium< / span >
Media query (grid and responsive utilities) overhaul
Grid classes have been changed to account for a fourth set of classes,
meaning we now have XS, S, M, and L options. Specifically, we made the
following changes:
* Renames `.col-` to `.col-xs-`
* Adds `.col-md-` for devices 992px wide and up
* Remaps `.col-lg-` for devices 1200px wide and up
Alongside that, we've updated our media queries to better handle
advanced grid layouts:
* All column classes now kick in when they hit a `min-width`, undoing
the #9128 fix in
https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/commit/db45a60cc86190a060f0baf0b3961cb
c690f3a65
* All column offsets, pushes, and pulls are scoped to an appropriate
range, meaning a `min-width` and `max-width` (thanks for the idea,
@eratzlaff)
We've also modified the widths of our grid containers for the small
device grid (now a max 720px instead of 728px) and large device grid
(now a max 1140px instead of 1170px) to avoid horizontal scrollbar
problems in Firefox (likely due to box-sizing, which is why we didn't
see it in 2.x).
Similarly, we've updated the responsive ultility classes to match the
new four media query approach of the grid system. That means we've:
* Added new `.visible-xs` and `.hidden-xs` classes
* Reassigns visible and hidden classes for small, medium, and large to
matching grid system media queries
* Updates docs examples to match grid system and account for fourth
utility range
-----
Fixes the following:
* #9135: fourth grid tier
* #9302: undoes previous range change for small grid system, so no need
to update any docs here
* #8755: consistent grid and responsive utilities schemas)
* #9195, #9216, and #9227: no more horizontal scrollbars
2013-08-12 15:28:50 +08:00
< / div >
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< div class = "col-xs-6 col-sm-3" >
< span class = "hidden-lg" > Large< / span >
< span class = "visible-lg" > ✔ Visible on large< / span >
< / div >
< / div >
< div class = "row responsive-utilities-test visible-on" >
< div class = "col-xs-6 col-sm-6" >
< span class = "hidden-xs hidden-sm" > Extra small and small< / span >
< span class = "visible-xs visible-sm" > ✔ Visible on x-small and small< / span >
< / div >
< div class = "col-xs-6 col-sm-6" >
< span class = "hidden-md hidden-lg" > Medium and large< / span >
< span class = "visible-md visible-lg" > ✔ Visible on medium and large< / span >
< / div >
< div class = "clearfix visible-xs" > < / div >
< div class = "col-xs-6 col-sm-6" >
< span class = "hidden-xs hidden-md" > Extra small and medium< / span >
< span class = "visible-xs visible-md" > ✔ Visible on x-small and medium< / span >
< / div >
< div class = "col-xs-6 col-sm-6" >
< span class = "hidden-sm hidden-lg" > Small and large< / span >
< span class = "visible-sm visible-lg" > ✔ Visible on small and large< / span >
< / div >
< div class = "clearfix visible-xs" > < / div >
< div class = "col-xs-6 col-sm-6" >
< span class = "hidden-xs hidden-lg" > Extra small and large< / span >
< span class = "visible-xs visible-lg" > ✔ Visible on x-small and large< / span >
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< / div >
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< div class = "col-xs-6 col-sm-6" >
< span class = "hidden-sm hidden-md" > Small and medium< / span >
< span class = "visible-sm visible-md" > ✔ Visible on small and medium< / span >
< / div >
< / div >
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< h3 > Hidden on...< / h3 >
< p > Here, green checkmarks also indicate the element < strong > is hidden< / strong > in your current viewport.< / p >
< div class = "row responsive-utilities-test hidden-on" >
< div class = "col-xs-6 col-sm-3" >
< span class = "hidden-xs" > Extra small< / span >
< span class = "visible-xs" > ✔ Hidden on x-small< / span >
< / div >
< div class = "col-xs-6 col-sm-3" >
< span class = "hidden-sm" > Small< / span >
< span class = "visible-sm" > ✔ Hidden on small< / span >
< / div >
< div class = "clearfix visible-xs" > < / div >
< div class = "col-xs-6 col-sm-3" >
< span class = "hidden-md" > Medium< / span >
< span class = "visible-md" > ✔ Hidden on medium< / span >
< / div >
< div class = "col-xs-6 col-sm-3" >
< span class = "hidden-lg" > Large< / span >
< span class = "visible-lg" > ✔ Hidden on large< / span >
< / div >
< / div >
< div class = "row responsive-utilities-test hidden-on" >
< div class = "col-xs-6 col-sm-6" >
< span class = "hidden-xs hidden-sm" > Extra small and small< / span >
< span class = "visible-xs visible-sm" > ✔ Hidden on x-small and small< / span >
< / div >
< div class = "col-xs-6 col-sm-6" >
< span class = "hidden-md hidden-lg" > Medium and large< / span >
< span class = "visible-md visible-lg" > ✔ Hidden on medium and large< / span >
< / div >
< div class = "clearfix visible-xs" > < / div >
< div class = "col-xs-6 col-sm-6" >
< span class = "hidden-xs hidden-md" > Extra small and medium< / span >
< span class = "visible-xs visible-md" > ✔ Hidden on x-small and medium< / span >
< / div >
< div class = "col-xs-6 col-sm-6" >
< span class = "hidden-sm hidden-lg" > Small and large< / span >
< span class = "visible-sm visible-lg" > ✔ Hidden on small and large< / span >
< / div >
< div class = "clearfix visible-xs" > < / div >
< div class = "col-xs-6 col-sm-6" >
< span class = "hidden-xs hidden-lg" > Extra small and large< / span >
< span class = "visible-xs visible-lg" > ✔ Hidden on x-small and large< / span >
< / div >
< div class = "col-xs-6 col-sm-6" >
< span class = "hidden-sm hidden-md" > Small and medium< / span >
< span class = "visible-sm visible-md" > ✔ Hidden on small and medium< / span >
< / div >
2013-05-09 12:56:08 +08:00
< / div >
2014-01-12 16:04:24 +08:00
< / div >
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2014-01-12 16:04:24 +08:00
<!-- Using Less
================================================== -->
< div class = "bs-docs-section" >
< h1 id = "less" class = "page-header" > Using Less< / h1 >
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< p class = "lead" > Bootstrap's CSS is built on Less, a preprocessor with additional functionality like variables, mixins, and functions for compiling CSS. Those looking to use the source Less files instead of our compiled CSS files can make use of the numerous variables and mixins we use throughout the framework.< / p >
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< p > Grid variables and mixins are covered < a href = "#grid-less" > within the Grid system section< / a > .< / p >
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< h2 id = "less-bootstrap" > Compiling Bootstrap< / h2 >
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< p > Bootstrap can be used in at least two ways: with the compiled CSS or with the source Less files. To compile the Less files, < a href = "https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap#compiling-css-and-javascript" > visit the README< / a > for how to setup your development environment to run the necessary commands.< / p >
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< p > Third party compilation tools may work with Bootstrap, but they are not supported by our core team.< / p >
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< h2 id = "less-variables" > Variables< / h2 >
< p > Variables are used throughout the entire project as a way to centralize and share commonly used values like colors, spacing, or font stacks. For a complete breakdown, please see < a href = "../customize/#less-variables-section" > the Customizer< / a > .< / p >
< h3 id = "less-variables-colors" > Colors< / h3 >
< p > Easily make use of two color schemes: grayscale and semantic. Grayscale colors provide quick access to commonly used shades of black while semantic include various colors assigned to meaningful contextual values.< / p >
< div class = "bs-example" >
< div class = "color-swatches" >
< div class = "color-swatch gray-darker" > < / div >
< div class = "color-swatch gray-dark" > < / div >
< div class = "color-swatch gray" > < / div >
< div class = "color-swatch gray-light" > < / div >
< div class = "color-swatch gray-lighter" > < / div >
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< / div >
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< / div >
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{% highlight scss %}
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@gray-darker: lighten(#000, 13.5%); // #222
@gray-dark: lighten(#000, 20%); // #333
@gray: lighten(#000, 33.5%); // #555
@gray-light: lighten(#000, 60%); // #999
@gray-lighter: lighten(#000, 93.5%); // #eee
{% endhighlight %}
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< div class = "bs-example" >
< div class = "color-swatches" >
< div class = "color-swatch brand-primary" > < / div >
< div class = "color-swatch brand-success" > < / div >
< div class = "color-swatch brand-info" > < / div >
< div class = "color-swatch brand-warning" > < / div >
< div class = "color-swatch brand-danger" > < / div >
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< / div >
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< / div >
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{% highlight scss %}
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@brand-primary: #428bca;
@brand-success: #5cb85c;
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@brand-info: #5bc0de;
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@brand-warning: #f0ad4e;
@brand-danger: #d9534f;
{% endhighlight %}
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< p > Use any of these color variables as they are or reassign them to more meaningful variables for your project.< / p >
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{% highlight scss %}
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// Use as-is
.masthead {
background-color: @brand-primary;
}
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// Reassigned variables in Less
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@alert-message-background: @brand-info;
.alert {
background-color: @alert-message-background;
}
{% endhighlight %}
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< h3 id = "less-variables-scaffolding" > Scaffolding< / h3 >
< p > A handful of variables for quickly customizing key elements of your site's skeleton.< / p >
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{% highlight scss %}
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// Scaffolding
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@body-bg: #fff;
@text-color: @black-50;
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{% endhighlight %}
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< h3 id = "less-variables-links" > Links< / h3 >
< p > Easily style your links with the right color with only one value.< / p >
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{% highlight scss %}
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// Variables
@link-color: @brand-primary;
@link-color-hover: darken(@link-color, 15%);
// Usage
a {
color: @link-color;
text-decoration: none;
& :hover {
color: @link-color-hover;
text-decoration: underline;
}
}
{% endhighlight %}
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< p > Note that the < code > @link-color-hover< / code > uses a function, another awesome tool from Less, to automagically create the right hover color. You can use < code > darken< / code > , < code > lighten< / code > , < code > saturate< / code > , and < code > desaturate< / code > .< / p >
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< h3 id = "less-variables-typography" > Typography< / h3 >
< p > Easily set your type face, text size, leading, and more with a few quick variables. Bootstrap makes use of these as well to provide easy typographic mixins.< / p >
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{% highlight scss %}
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@font-family-sans-serif: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
@font-family-serif: Georgia, "Times New Roman", Times, serif;
@font-family-monospace: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, "Courier New", monospace;
@font-family-base: @font-family-sans-serif;
@font-size-base: 14px;
@font-size-large: ceil((@font-size-base * 1.25)); // ~18px
@font-size-small: ceil((@font-size-base * 0.85)); // ~12px
@font-size-h1: floor((@font-size-base * 2.6)); // ~36px
@font-size-h2: floor((@font-size-base * 2.15)); // ~30px
@font-size-h3: ceil((@font-size-base * 1.7)); // ~24px
@font-size-h4: ceil((@font-size-base * 1.25)); // ~18px
@font-size-h5: @font-size-base;
@font-size-h6: ceil((@font-size-base * 0.85)); // ~12px
@line-height-base: 1.428571429; // 20/14
@line-height-computed: floor((@font-size-base * @line-height-base)); // ~20px
@headings-font-family: inherit;
@headings-font-weight: 500;
@headings-line-height: 1.1;
@headings-color: inherit;
{% endhighlight %}
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< h3 id = "less-variables-icons" > Icons< / h3 >
< p > Two quick variables for customizing the location and filename of your icons.< / p >
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{% highlight scss %}
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@icon-font-path: "../fonts/";
@icon-font-name: "glyphicons-halflings-regular";
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{% endhighlight %}
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< h3 id = "less-variables-components" > Components< / h3 >
< p > Components throughout Bootstrap make use of some default variables for setting common values. Here are the most commonly used.< / p >
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{% highlight scss %}
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@padding-base-vertical: 6px;
@padding-base-horizontal: 12px;
@padding-large-vertical: 10px;
@padding-large-horizontal: 16px;
@padding-small-vertical: 5px;
@padding-small-horizontal: 10px;
@padding-xs-vertical: 1px;
@padding-xs-horizontal: 5px;
@line-height-large: 1.33;
@line-height-small: 1.5;
@border-radius-base: 4px;
@border-radius-large: 6px;
@border-radius-small: 3px;
@component-active-color: #fff;
@component-active-bg: @brand-primary;
@caret-width-base: 4px;
@caret-width-large: 5px;
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{% endhighlight %}
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< h2 id = "less-mixins-vendor" > Vendor mixins< / h2 >
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< p > Vendor mixins are mixins to help support multiple browsers by including all relevant vendor prefixes in your compiled CSS.< / p >
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< h3 id = "less-mixins-box-sizing" > Box-sizing< / h3 >
< p > Reset your components' box model with a single mixin. For context, see this < a href = "https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/CSS/box-sizing" target = "_blank" > helpful article from Mozilla< / a > .< / p >
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{% highlight scss %}
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.box-sizing(@box-model) {
-webkit-box-sizing: @box-model; // Safari < = 5
-moz-box-sizing: @box-model; // Firefox < = 19
box-sizing: @box-model;
}
{% endhighlight %}
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< h3 id = "less-mixins-rounded-corners" > Rounded corners< / h3 >
< p > Today all modern browsers support the non-prefixed < code > border-radius< / code > property. As such, there is no < code > .border-radius()< / code > mixin, but Bootstrap does include shortcuts for quickly rounding two corners on a particular side of an object.< / p >
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{% highlight scss %}
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.border-top-radius(@radius) {
border-top-right-radius: @radius;
border-top-left-radius: @radius;
}
.border-right-radius(@radius) {
border-bottom-right-radius: @radius;
border-top-right-radius: @radius;
}
.border-bottom-radius(@radius) {
border-bottom-right-radius: @radius;
border-bottom-left-radius: @radius;
}
.border-left-radius(@radius) {
border-bottom-left-radius: @radius;
border-top-left-radius: @radius;
}
{% endhighlight %}
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< h3 id = "less-mixins-box-shadow" > Box (Drop) shadows< / h3 >
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< p > If your target audience is using the latest and greatest browsers and devices, be sure to just use the < code > box-shadow< / code > property on its own. If you need support for older Android (pre-v4) and iOS devices (pre-iOS 5), use the < strong > deprecated< / strong > mixin to pick up the required < code > -webkit< / code > prefix.< / p >
< p > The mixin is < strong > deprecated< / strong > as of v3.1.0, since Bootstrap doesn't officially support the outdated platforms that don't support the standard property. To preserve backwards-compatibility, Bootstrap will continue to use the mixin internally until Bootstrap v4.< / p >
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< p > Be sure to use < code > rgba()< / code > colors in your box shadows so they blend as seamlessly as possible with backgrounds.< / p >
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{% highlight scss %}
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.box-shadow(@shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0,0,0,.25)) {
-webkit-box-shadow: @shadow; // iOS < 4.3 & Android < 4 . 1
box-shadow: @shadow;
}
{% endhighlight %}
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< h3 id = "less-mixins-transitions" > Transitions< / h3 >
< p > Three mixins for flexibility. Set all transition information with one, or specify a separate delay and duration as needed.< / p >
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{% highlight scss %}
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.transition(@transition) {
-webkit-transition: @transition;
transition: @transition;
}
.transition-property(@transition-property) {
-webkit-transition-property: @transition-property;
transition-property: @transition-property;
}
.transition-delay(@transition-delay) {
-webkit-transition-delay: @transition-delay;
transition-delay: @transition-delay;
}
.transition-duration(@transition-duration) {
-webkit-transition-duration: @transition-duration;
transition-duration: @transition-duration;
}
.transition-transform(@transition) {
-webkit-transition: -webkit-transform @transition;
-moz-transition: -moz-transform @transition;
-o-transition: -o-transform @transition;
transition: transform @transition;
}
{% endhighlight %}
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< h3 id = "less-mixins-transformations" > Transformations< / h3 >
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< p > Rotate, scale, translate (move), or skew any object.< / p >
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{% highlight scss %}
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.rotate(@degrees) {
-webkit-transform: rotate(@degrees);
-ms-transform: rotate(@degrees); // IE9 only
transform: rotate(@degrees);
}
.scale(@ratio; @ratio-y...) {
-webkit-transform: scale(@ratio, @ratio-y);
-ms-transform: scale(@ratio, @ratio-y); // IE9 only
transform: scale(@ratio, @ratio-y);
}
.translate(@x; @y) {
-webkit-transform: translate(@x, @y);
-ms-transform: translate(@x, @y); // IE9 only
transform: translate(@x, @y);
}
.skew(@x; @y) {
-webkit-transform: skew(@x, @y);
-ms-transform: skewX(@x) skewY(@y); // See https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/issues/4885; IE9+
transform: skew(@x, @y);
}
.translate3d(@x; @y; @z) {
-webkit-transform: translate3d(@x, @y, @z);
transform: translate3d(@x, @y, @z);
}
.rotateX(@degrees) {
-webkit-transform: rotateX(@degrees);
-ms-transform: rotateX(@degrees); // IE9 only
transform: rotateX(@degrees);
}
.rotateY(@degrees) {
-webkit-transform: rotateY(@degrees);
-ms-transform: rotateY(@degrees); // IE9 only
transform: rotateY(@degrees);
}
.perspective(@perspective) {
-webkit-perspective: @perspective;
-moz-perspective: @perspective;
perspective: @perspective;
}
.perspective-origin(@perspective) {
-webkit-perspective-origin: @perspective;
-moz-perspective-origin: @perspective;
perspective-origin: @perspective;
}
.transform-origin(@origin) {
-webkit-transform-origin: @origin;
-moz-transform-origin: @origin;
-ms-transform-origin: @origin; // IE9 only
transform-origin: @origin;
}
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{% endhighlight %}
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< h3 id = "less-mixins-animations" > Animations< / h3 >
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< p > A single mixin for using all of CSS3's animation properties in one declaration and other mixins for individual properties.< / p >
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{% highlight scss %}
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.animation(@animation) {
-webkit-animation: @animation;
animation: @animation;
}
.animation-name(@name) {
-webkit-animation-name: @name;
animation-name: @name;
}
.animation-duration(@duration) {
-webkit-animation-duration: @duration;
animation-duration: @duration;
}
.animation-timing-function(@timing-function) {
-webkit-animation-timing-function: @timing-function;
animation-timing-function: @timing-function;
}
.animation-delay(@delay) {
-webkit-animation-delay: @delay;
animation-delay: @delay;
}
.animation-iteration-count(@iteration-count) {
-webkit-animation-iteration-count: @iteration-count;
animation-iteration-count: @iteration-count;
}
.animation-direction(@direction) {
-webkit-animation-direction: @direction;
animation-direction: @direction;
}
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{% endhighlight %}
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< h3 id = "less-mixins-opacity" > Opacity< / h3 >
< p > Set the opacity for all browsers and provide a < code > filter< / code > fallback for IE8.< / p >
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{% highlight scss %}
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.opacity(@opacity) {
opacity: @opacity;
// IE8 filter
@opacity-ie: (@opacity * 100);
filter: ~"alpha(opacity=@{opacity-ie})";
}
{% endhighlight %}
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< h3 id = "less-mixins-placeholder" > Placeholder text< / h3 >
< p > Provide context for form controls within each field.< / p >
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{% highlight scss %}
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.placeholder(@color: @input-color-placeholder) {
& :-moz-placeholder { color: @color; } // Firefox 4-18
& ::-moz-placeholder { color: @color; } // Firefox 19+
& :-ms-input-placeholder { color: @color; } // Internet Explorer 10+
& ::-webkit-input-placeholder { color: @color; } // Safari and Chrome
}
{% endhighlight %}
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< h3 id = "less-mixins-columns" > Columns< / h3 >
< p > Generate columns via CSS within a single element.< / p >
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{% highlight scss %}
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.content-columns(@width; @count; @gap) {
-webkit-column-width: @width;
-moz-column-width: @width;
column-width: @width;
-webkit-column-count: @count;
-moz-column-count: @count;
column-count: @count;
-webkit-column-gap: @gap;
-moz-column-gap: @gap;
column-gap: @gap;
}
{% endhighlight %}
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< h3 id = "less-mixins-gradients" > Gradients< / h3 >
< p > Easily turn any two colors into a background gradient. Get more advanced and set a direction, use three colors, or use a radial gradient. With a single mixin you get all the prefixed syntaxes you'll need.< / p >
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{% highlight scss %}
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#gradient > .vertical(#333; #000);
#gradient > .horizontal(#333; #000);
#gradient > .radial(#333; #000);
{% endhighlight %}
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< p > You can also specify the angle of a standard two-color, linear gradient:< / p >
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{% highlight scss %}
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#gradient > .directional(#333; #000; 45deg);
{% endhighlight %}
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< p > If you need a barber-stripe style gradient, that's easy, too. Just specify a single color and we'll overlay a translucent white stripe.< / p >
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{% highlight scss %}
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#gradient > .striped(#333; #000; 45deg);
{% endhighlight %}
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< p > Up the ante and use three colors instead. Set the first color, the second color, the second color's color stop (a decimal value like 0.25), and the third color with these mixins:< / p >
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{% highlight scss %}
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#gradient > .vertical-three-colors(#777; #333; .25; #000);
#gradient > .horizontal-three-colors(#777; #333; .25; #000);
{% endhighlight %}
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< p > < strong > Heads up!< / strong > Should you ever need to remove a gradient, be sure to remove any IE-specific < code > filter< / code > you may have added. You can do that by using the < code > .reset-filter()< / code > mixin alongside < code > background-image: none;< / code > .< / p >
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< h2 id = "less-mixins-utility" > Utility mixins< / h2 >
< p > Utility mixins are mixins that combine otherwise unrelated CSS properties to achieve a specific goal or task.< / p >
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< h3 id = "less-mixins-clearfix" > Clearfix< / h3 >
< p > Forget adding < code > class="clearfix"< / code > to any element and instead add the < code > .clearfix()< / code > mixin where appropriate. Uses the < a href = "http://nicolasgallagher.com/micro-clearfix-hack/" target = "_blank" > micro clearfix< / a > from < a href = "http://twitter.com/necolas" target = "_blank" > Nicolas Gallager< / a > .< / p >
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{% highlight scss %}
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// Mixin
.clearfix() {
& :before,
& :after {
content: " ";
display: table;
}
& :after {
clear: both;
}
}
// Usage
.container {
.clearfix();
}
{% endhighlight %}
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< h3 id = "less-mixins-centering" > Horizontal centering< / h3 >
< p > Quickly center any element within its parent. < strong > Requires < code > width< / code > or < code > max-width< / code > to be set.< / strong > < / p >
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{% highlight scss %}
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// Mixin
.center-block() {
display: block;
margin-left: auto;
margin-right: auto;
}
// Usage
.container {
width: 940px;
.center-block();
}
{% endhighlight %}
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< h3 id = "less-mixins-sizing" > Sizing helpers< / h3 >
< p > Specify the dimensions of an object more easily.< / p >
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{% highlight scss %}
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// Mixins
.size(@width; @height) {
width: @width;
height: @height;
}
.square(@size) {
.size(@size; @size);
}
// Usage
.image { .size(400px; 300px); }
.avatar { .square(48px); }
{% endhighlight %}
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< h3 id = "less-mixins-resizable" > Resizable textareas< / h3 >
< p > Easily configure the resize options for any textarea, or any other element. Defaults to normal browser behavior (< code > both< / code > ).< / p >
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{% highlight scss %}
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.resizable(@direction: both) {
// Options: horizontal, vertical, both
resize: @direction;
// Safari fix
overflow: auto;
}
{% endhighlight %}
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< h3 id = "less-mixins-truncating" > Truncating text< / h3 >
< p > Easily truncate text with an ellipsis with a single mixin. < strong > Requires element to be < code > block< / code > or < code > inline-block< / code > level.< / strong > < / p >
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{% highlight scss %}
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// Mixin
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.text-overflow() {
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overflow: hidden;
text-overflow: ellipsis;
white-space: nowrap;
}
// Usage
.branch-name {
display: inline-block;
max-width: 200px;
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.text-overflow();
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}
{% endhighlight %}
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< h3 id = "less-mixins-retina-images" > Retina images< / h3 >
< p > Specify two image paths and the @1x image dimensions, and Bootstrap will provide an @2x media query. < strong > If you have many images to serve, consider writing your retina image CSS manually in a single media query.< / strong > < / p >
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{% highlight scss %}
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.img-retina(@file-1x; @file-2x; @width-1x; @height-1x) {
background-image: url("@{file-1x}");
@media
only screen and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2),
only screen and ( min--moz-device-pixel-ratio: 2),
only screen and ( -o-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2/1),
only screen and ( min-device-pixel-ratio: 2),
only screen and ( min-resolution: 192dpi),
only screen and ( min-resolution: 2dppx) {
background-image: url("@{file-2x}");
background-size: @width-1x @height-1x;
}
}
// Usage
.jumbotron {
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.img-retina("/img/bg-1x.png", "/img/bg-2x.png", 100px, 100px);
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}
{% endhighlight %}
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< / div >
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<!-- Using Sass
================================================== -->
< div class = "bs-docs-section" >
< h1 id = "sass" class = "page-header" > Using Sass< / h1 >
< p class = "lead" > While Bootstrap is built on Less, it also has an < a href = "{{ site.sass_repo }}" > official Sass port< / a > . We maintain it in a separate GitHub repository and handle updates with a conversion script.< / p >
< h2 id = "sass-contents" > What's included< / h2 >
< p > Since the Sass port has a separate repo and serves a slightly different audience, the contents of the project differ greatly from the main Bootstrap project. This ensures the Sass port is as compatible with as many Sass-based systems as possible.< / p >
< div class = "table-responsive" >
< table class = "table table-bordered table-striped" >
< thead >
< tr >
< th > Path< / th >
< th > Description< / th >
< / tr >
< / thead >
< tbody >
< tr >
< th > < code > lib/< / code > < / th >
< td > Ruby gem code (Sass configuration, Rails and Compass integrations)< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< th > < code > tasks/< / code > < / th >
< td > Converter scripts (turning upstream Less to Sass)< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< th > < code > test/< / code > < / th >
< td > Compilation tests< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< th > < code > templates/< / code > < / th >
< td > Compass package manifest< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< th > < code > vendor/assets/< / code > < / th >
< td > Sass, JavaScript, and font files< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< th > < code > Rakefile< / code > < / th >
< td > Internal tasks, such as rake and convert< / td >
< / tr >
< / tbody >
< / table >
< / div >
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< p > Visit the < a href = "{{ site.sass_repo }}" > Sass port's GitHub repository< / a > to see these files in action.< / p >
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< h2 id = "sass-installation" > Installation< / h2 >
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< p > For information on how to install and use Bootstrap for Sass, consult the < a href = "{{ site.sass_repo }}" > GitHub repository readme< / a > . It's the most up to date source and includes information for use with Rails, Compass, and standard Sass projects.< / p >
< p >
< a class = "btn btn-lg btn-outline" href = "{{ site.sass_repo }}" > Bootstrap for Sass< / a >
< / p >
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< / div >
