gitlab-ce/spec/lib/gitlab/fp/result_spec.rb

649 lines
25 KiB
Ruby

# frozen_string_literal: true
require 'fast_spec_helper'
# NOTE:
# This spec is intended to serve as documentation examples of idiomatic usage for the `Result` type.
# These examples can be executed as-is in a Rails console to see the results.
#
# To support this, we have intentionally used some `rubocop:disable` and RubyMine `noinspection` comments
# to allow for more explicit and readable examples.
#
# There is also not much attempt to DRY up the examples. There is some duplication, but this is intentional to
# support easily understandable and readable examples.
#
# rubocop:disable RSpec/DescribedClass, Lint/ConstantDefinitionInBlock, RSpec/LeakyConstantDeclaration -- intentionally disabled per comment above
# noinspection MissingYardReturnTag, MissingYardParamTag - intentionally disabled per comment above
RSpec.describe Gitlab::Fp::Result, feature_category: :shared do
describe 'usage of Gitlab::Fp::Result.ok and Gitlab::Fp::Result.err' do
context 'when checked with .ok? and .err?' do
it 'works with ok result' do
result = Gitlab::Fp::Result.ok(:success)
expect(result.ok?).to be(true)
expect(result.err?).to be(false)
expect(result.unwrap).to eq(:success)
end
it 'works with error result' do
result = Gitlab::Fp::Result.err(:failure)
expect(result.err?).to be(true)
expect(result.ok?).to be(false)
expect(result.unwrap_err).to eq(:failure)
end
end
context 'when checked with destructuring' do
it 'works with ok result' do
Gitlab::Fp::Result.ok(:success) => { ok: } # example of rightward assignment
expect(ok).to eq(:success)
Gitlab::Fp::Result.ok(:success) => { ok: success_value } # rightward assignment destructuring to different var
expect(success_value).to eq(:success)
end
it 'works with error result' do
Gitlab::Fp::Result.err(:failure) => { err: }
expect(err).to eq(:failure)
Gitlab::Fp::Result.err(:failure) => { err: error_value }
expect(error_value).to eq(:failure)
end
end
context 'when checked with pattern matching' do
def check_result_with_pattern_matching(result)
case result
in { ok: Symbol => ok_value }
{ success: ok_value }
in { err: String => error_value }
{ failure: error_value }
else
raise "Unmatched result type: #{result.unwrap.class.name}"
end
end
it 'works with ok result' do
ok_result = Gitlab::Fp::Result.ok(:success_symbol)
expect(check_result_with_pattern_matching(ok_result)).to eq({ success: :success_symbol })
end
it 'works with error result' do
error_result = Gitlab::Fp::Result.err('failure string')
expect(check_result_with_pattern_matching(error_result)).to eq({ failure: 'failure string' })
end
it 'raises error with unmatched type in pattern match' do
unmatched_type_result = Gitlab::Fp::Result.ok([])
expect do
check_result_with_pattern_matching(unmatched_type_result)
end.to raise_error(RuntimeError, 'Unmatched result type: Array')
end
it 'raises error with invalid pattern matching key' do
result = Gitlab::Fp::Result.ok(:success)
expect do
case result
in { invalid_pattern_match_because_it_is_not_ok_or_err: :value }
:unreachable_from_case
else
:unreachable_from_else
end
end.to raise_error(ArgumentError, 'Use either :ok or :err for pattern matching')
end
end
end
describe 'usage of #and_then' do
context 'when passed a proc' do
it 'returns last ok value in successful chain' do
initial_result = Gitlab::Fp::Result.ok(1)
final_result =
initial_result
.and_then(->(value) { Gitlab::Fp::Result.ok(value + 1) })
.and_then(->(value) { Gitlab::Fp::Result.ok(value + 1) })
expect(final_result.ok?).to be(true)
expect(final_result.unwrap).to eq(3)
end
it 'short-circuits the rest of the chain on the first err value encountered' do
initial_result = Gitlab::Fp::Result.ok(1)
final_result =
initial_result
.and_then(->(value) { Gitlab::Fp::Result.err("invalid: #{value}") })
.and_then(->(value) { Gitlab::Fp::Result.ok(value + 1) })
expect(final_result.err?).to be(true)
expect(final_result.unwrap_err).to eq('invalid: 1')
end
end
context 'when passed a module or class (singleton) method object' do
module MyModuleUsingResult
def self.double(value)
Gitlab::Fp::Result.ok(value * 2)
end
def self.return_err(value)
Gitlab::Fp::Result.err("invalid: #{value}")
end
class MyClassUsingResult
def self.triple(value)
Gitlab::Fp::Result.ok(value * 3)
end
end
end
it 'returns last ok value in successful chain' do
initial_result = Gitlab::Fp::Result.ok(1)
final_result =
initial_result
.and_then(::MyModuleUsingResult.method(:double))
.and_then(::MyModuleUsingResult::MyClassUsingResult.method(:triple))
expect(final_result.ok?).to be(true)
expect(final_result.unwrap).to eq(6)
end
it 'returns first err value in failed chain' do
initial_result = Gitlab::Fp::Result.ok(1)
final_result =
initial_result
.and_then(::MyModuleUsingResult.method(:double))
.and_then(::MyModuleUsingResult::MyClassUsingResult.method(:triple))
.and_then(::MyModuleUsingResult.method(:return_err))
.and_then(::MyModuleUsingResult.method(:double))
expect(final_result.err?).to be(true)
expect(final_result.unwrap_err).to eq('invalid: 6')
end
end
describe 'type checking validation' do
describe 'enforcement of argument type' do
it 'raises TypeError if passed anything other than a lambda or singleton method object' do
ex = TypeError
msg = /Result#and_then expects a lambda or singleton method object/
# noinspection RubyMismatchedArgumentType -- intentionally passing invalid types
expect { Gitlab::Fp::Result.ok(1).and_then('string') }.to raise_error(ex, msg)
expect { Gitlab::Fp::Result.ok(1).and_then(proc { Gitlab::Fp::Result.ok(1) }) }.to raise_error(ex, msg)
expect { Gitlab::Fp::Result.ok(1).and_then(1.method(:to_s)) }.to raise_error(ex, msg)
expect { Gitlab::Fp::Result.ok(1).and_then(Integer.method(:to_s)) }.to raise_error(ex, msg)
end
end
describe 'enforcement of argument arity' do
it 'raises ArgumentError if passed lambda or singleton method object with an arity other than 1' do
expect do
Gitlab::Fp::Result.ok(1).and_then(->(a, b) { Gitlab::Fp::Result.ok(a + b) })
end.to raise_error(ArgumentError, /Result#and_then expects .* with a single argument \(arity of 1\)/)
end
end
describe 'enforcement that passed lambda or method returns a Gitlab::Fp::Result type' do
it 'raises ArgumentError if passed lambda or singleton method object which returns non-Result type' do
expect do
Gitlab::Fp::Result.ok(1).and_then(->(a) { a + 1 })
end.to raise_error(TypeError, /Result#and_then expects .* which returns a 'Result' type/)
end
end
end
end
describe 'usage of #map' do
context 'when passed a proc' do
it 'returns last ok value in successful chain' do
initial_result = Gitlab::Fp::Result.ok(1)
final_result =
initial_result
.map(->(value) { value + 1 })
.map(->(value) { value + 1 })
expect(final_result.ok?).to be(true)
expect(final_result.unwrap).to eq(3)
end
it 'returns first err value in failed chain' do
initial_result = Gitlab::Fp::Result.ok(1)
final_result =
initial_result
.and_then(->(value) { Gitlab::Fp::Result.err("invalid: #{value}") })
.map(->(value) { value + 1 })
expect(final_result.err?).to be(true)
expect(final_result.unwrap_err).to eq('invalid: 1')
end
end
context 'when passed a module or class (singleton) method object' do
module MyModuleNotUsingResult
def self.double(value)
value * 2
end
class MyClassNotUsingResult
def self.triple(value)
value * 3
end
end
end
it 'returns last ok value in successful chain' do
initial_result = Gitlab::Fp::Result.ok(1)
final_result =
initial_result
.map(::MyModuleNotUsingResult.method(:double))
.map(::MyModuleNotUsingResult::MyClassNotUsingResult.method(:triple))
expect(final_result.ok?).to be(true)
expect(final_result.unwrap).to eq(6)
end
it 'returns first err value in failed chain' do
initial_result = Gitlab::Fp::Result.ok(1)
final_result =
initial_result
.map(::MyModuleNotUsingResult.method(:double))
.and_then(->(value) { Gitlab::Fp::Result.err("invalid: #{value}") })
.map(::MyModuleUsingResult.method(:double))
expect(final_result.err?).to be(true)
expect(final_result.unwrap_err).to eq('invalid: 2')
end
end
describe 'type checking validation' do
describe 'enforcement of argument type' do
it 'raises TypeError if passed anything other than a lambda or singleton method object' do
ex = TypeError
msg = /Result#map expects a lambda or singleton method object/
# noinspection RubyMismatchedArgumentType -- intentionally passing invalid types
expect { Gitlab::Fp::Result.ok(1).map('string') }.to raise_error(ex, msg)
expect { Gitlab::Fp::Result.ok(1).map(proc { 1 }) }.to raise_error(ex, msg)
expect { Gitlab::Fp::Result.ok(1).map(1.method(:to_s)) }.to raise_error(ex, msg)
expect { Gitlab::Fp::Result.ok(1).map(Integer.method(:to_s)) }.to raise_error(ex, msg)
end
end
describe 'enforcement of argument arity' do
it 'raises ArgumentError if passed lambda or singleton method object with an arity other than 1' do
expect do
Gitlab::Fp::Result.ok(1).map(->(a, b) { a + b })
end.to raise_error(ArgumentError, /Result#map expects .* with a single argument \(arity of 1\)/)
end
end
describe 'enforcement that passed lambda or method does not return a Result type' do
it 'raises TypeError if passed lambda or singleton method object which returns non-Result type' do
expect do
Gitlab::Fp::Result.ok(1).map(->(a) { Gitlab::Fp::Result.ok(a + 1) })
end.to raise_error(TypeError, /Result#map expects .* which returns an unwrapped value, not a 'Result'/)
end
end
end
end
describe 'usage of #map_err' do
context 'when passed a proc' do
it 'ignores ok values in successful chain' do
initial_result = Gitlab::Fp::Result.ok(1)
final_result =
initial_result
.map_err(->(value) { value + 1 })
expect(final_result.ok?).to be(true)
expect(final_result.unwrap).to eq(1)
end
it 'returns first err value in failed chain' do
initial_result = Gitlab::Fp::Result.ok(1)
final_result =
initial_result
.and_then(->(value) { Gitlab::Fp::Result.err("invalid: #{value}") })
.map_err(->(value) { "#{value}, with map_err" })
expect(final_result.err?).to be(true)
expect(final_result.unwrap_err).to eq('invalid: 1, with map_err')
end
end
context 'when passed a module or class (singleton) method object' do
module MyModuleNotUsingResult
def self.double(value)
value * 2
end
class MyClassNotUsingResult
def self.triple(value)
value * 3
end
end
end
it 'processes the err value in failed chain' do
initial_result = Gitlab::Fp::Result.err(1)
final_result =
initial_result
.map_err(::MyModuleNotUsingResult.method(:double))
.map_err(::MyModuleNotUsingResult::MyClassNotUsingResult.method(:triple))
expect(final_result.err?).to be(true)
expect(final_result.unwrap_err).to eq(6)
end
end
describe 'type checking validation' do
describe 'enforcement of argument type' do
it 'raises TypeError if passed anything other than a lambda or singleton method object' do
ex = TypeError
msg = /Result#map_err expects a lambda or singleton method object/
# noinspection RubyMismatchedArgumentType -- intentionally passing invalid types
expect { Gitlab::Fp::Result.ok(1).map_err('string') }.to raise_error(ex, msg)
expect { Gitlab::Fp::Result.ok(1).map_err(proc { 1 }) }.to raise_error(ex, msg)
expect { Gitlab::Fp::Result.ok(1).map_err(1.method(:to_s)) }.to raise_error(ex, msg)
expect { Gitlab::Fp::Result.ok(1).map_err(Integer.method(:to_s)) }.to raise_error(ex, msg)
end
end
describe 'enforcement of argument arity' do
it 'raises ArgumentError if passed lambda or singleton method object with an arity other than 1' do
expect do
Gitlab::Fp::Result.ok(1).map_err(->(a, b) { a + b })
end.to raise_error(ArgumentError, /Result#map_err expects .* with a single argument \(arity of 1\)/)
end
end
describe 'enforcement that passed lambda or method does not return a Result type' do
it 'raises TypeError if passed lambda or singleton method object which returns non-Result type' do
expect do
Gitlab::Fp::Result.err(1).map_err(->(a) { Gitlab::Fp::Result.ok(a + 1) })
end.to raise_error(TypeError, /Result#map_err expects .* which returns an unwrapped value, not a 'Result'/)
end
end
end
end
describe 'usage of #inspect_ok' do
let(:logger) { instance_double(Logger, :info) }
context 'when passed a proc' do
it 'returns last ok value in successful chain and performs side effect' do
expect(logger).to receive(:info)
initial_result = Gitlab::Fp::Result.ok({ logger: logger })
final_result =
initial_result
.inspect_ok(->(context) { context[:logger].info })
expect(final_result.ok?).to be(true)
expect(final_result.unwrap).to eq({ logger: logger })
end
it 'returns first err value in failed chain and does not perform side effect' do
expect(logger).not_to receive(:info)
initial_result = Gitlab::Fp::Result.ok({ logger: logger })
final_result =
initial_result
.and_then(->(value) { Gitlab::Fp::Result.err("invalid: #{value}") })
.inspect_ok(->(context) { context[:logger].info })
expect(final_result.err?).to be(true)
expect(final_result.unwrap_err).to match(/invalid:.*logger.*:info/)
end
it 'cannot modify the Result passed along the chain', :unlimited_max_formatted_output_length do
initial_result = Gitlab::Fp::Result.ok({ logger: logger })
expect do
initial_result.inspect_ok(->(context) { context[:logger] = nil })
end.to raise_error(
RuntimeError, /Proc:.*must not modify the passed value.*because it was invoked via Result#inspect_ok/
)
end
end
context 'when passed a module or class (singleton) method object' do
module MyModuleNotUsingResult
def self.observe(context)
context[:logger].info
end
def self.modify!(context)
context[:logger] = "MODIFIED VALUE"
nil
end
end
it 'returns last ok value in successful chain and performs side effect' do
expect(logger).to receive(:info)
initial_result = Gitlab::Fp::Result.ok({ logger: logger })
final_result =
initial_result
.inspect_ok(::MyModuleNotUsingResult.method(:observe))
expect(final_result.ok?).to be(true)
expect(final_result.unwrap).to eq({ logger: logger })
end
it 'returns first err value in failed chain and does not perform side effect' do
expect(logger).not_to receive(:info)
initial_result = Gitlab::Fp::Result.ok({ logger: logger })
final_result =
initial_result
.and_then(->(value) { Gitlab::Fp::Result.err("invalid: #{value}") })
.inspect_ok(::MyModuleNotUsingResult.method(:observe))
expect(final_result.err?).to be(true)
expect(final_result.unwrap_err).to match(/invalid:.*logger.*:info/)
end
it 'cannot modify the Result passed along the chain', :unlimited_max_formatted_output_length do
initial_result = Gitlab::Fp::Result.ok({ logger: logger })
expect do
initial_result.inspect_ok(::MyModuleNotUsingResult.method(:modify!))
end.to raise_error(
RuntimeError,
/Method: MyModuleNotUsingResult.modify!\(context\).*not modify the.*value.*invoked via Result#inspect_ok/
)
end
end
describe 'type checking validation' do
describe 'enforcement of argument type' do
it 'raises TypeError if passed anything other than a lambda or singleton method object',
:unlimited_max_formatted_output_length do
ex = TypeError
msg = /Result#inspect_ok expects a lambda or singleton method object/
# noinspection RubyMismatchedArgumentType -- intentionally passing invalid types
expect { Gitlab::Fp::Result.ok(1).inspect_ok('string') }.to raise_error(ex, msg)
expect { Gitlab::Fp::Result.ok(1).inspect_ok(proc { 1 }) }.to raise_error(ex, msg)
expect { Gitlab::Fp::Result.ok(1).inspect_ok(1.method(:to_s)) }.to raise_error(ex, msg)
expect { Gitlab::Fp::Result.ok(1).inspect_ok(Integer.method(:to_s)) }.to raise_error(ex, msg)
end
end
describe 'enforcement of argument arity' do
it 'raises ArgumentError if passed lambda or singleton method object with an arity other than 1' do
expect do
Gitlab::Fp::Result.ok(1).inspect_ok(->(a, b) { a + b })
end.to raise_error(ArgumentError, /Result#inspect_ok expects .* with a single argument \(arity of 1\)/)
end
end
describe 'enforcement that passed lambda or method returns nil (void)' do
it 'raises TypeError if passed lambda or singleton method object which does not return nil' do
expect do
Gitlab::Fp::Result.ok(1).inspect_ok(->(_) { "not nil" })
end.to raise_error(TypeError, /Result#inspect_ok.*must always return 'nil'/)
end
end
end
end
describe 'usage of #inspect_err' do
let(:logger) { instance_double(Logger, :info) }
context 'when passed a proc' do
it 'returns last ok value in successful chain and does not performs side effect' do
expect(logger).not_to receive(:info)
initial_result = Gitlab::Fp::Result.ok({ logger: logger })
final_result =
initial_result
.inspect_err(->(context) { context[:logger].info })
expect(final_result.ok?).to be(true)
expect(final_result.unwrap).to eq({ logger: logger })
end
it 'returns first err value in failed chain and performs side effect' do
expect(logger).to receive(:info)
initial_result = Gitlab::Fp::Result.err({ logger: logger })
final_result =
initial_result
.inspect_err(->(context) { context[:logger].info })
expect(final_result.err?).to be(true)
expect(final_result.unwrap_err).to eq({ logger: logger })
end
it 'cannot modify the Result passed along the chain', :unlimited_max_formatted_output_length do
initial_result = Gitlab::Fp::Result.err({ logger: logger })
expect do
initial_result.inspect_err(->(context) { context[:logger] = nil })
end.to raise_error(
RuntimeError, /Proc:.*must not modify the passed value.*because it was invoked via Result.inspect_err/
)
end
end
context 'when passed a module or class (singleton) method object' do
module MyModuleNotUsingResult
def self.observe(context)
context[:logger].info
end
end
it 'returns last ok value in successful chain and does not perform side effect' do
expect(logger).not_to receive(:info)
initial_result = Gitlab::Fp::Result.ok({ logger: logger })
final_result =
initial_result
.inspect_err(::MyModuleNotUsingResult.method(:observe))
expect(final_result.ok?).to be(true)
expect(final_result.unwrap).to eq({ logger: logger })
end
it 'returns first err value in failed chain and performs side effect' do
expect(logger).to receive(:info)
initial_result = Gitlab::Fp::Result.ok({ logger: logger })
final_result =
initial_result
.and_then(->(value) { Gitlab::Fp::Result.err(value) })
.inspect_err(::MyModuleNotUsingResult.method(:observe))
expect(final_result.err?).to be(true)
expect(final_result.unwrap_err).to eq({ logger: logger })
end
it 'cannot modify the Result passed along the chain', :unlimited_max_formatted_output_length do
initial_result = Gitlab::Fp::Result.err({ logger: logger })
expect do
initial_result.inspect_err(::MyModuleNotUsingResult.method(:modify!))
end.to raise_error(
RuntimeError,
/Method: MyModuleNotUsingResult.modify!\(context\).*not modify the.*value.*invoked via Result#inspect_err/
)
end
end
describe 'type checking validation' do
describe 'enforcement of argument type' do
it 'raises TypeError if passed anything other than a lambda or singleton method object' do
ex = TypeError
msg = /Result#inspect_err expects a lambda or singleton method object/
# noinspection RubyMismatchedArgumentType -- intentionally passing invalid types
expect { Gitlab::Fp::Result.ok(1).inspect_err('str') }.to raise_error(ex, msg)
expect { Gitlab::Fp::Result.ok(1).inspect_err(proc { 1 }) }.to raise_error(ex, msg)
expect { Gitlab::Fp::Result.ok(1).inspect_err(1.method(:to_s)) }.to raise_error(ex, msg)
expect { Gitlab::Fp::Result.ok(1).inspect_err(Integer.method(:to_s)) }.to raise_error(ex, msg)
end
end
describe 'enforcement of argument arity' do
it 'raises ArgumentError if passed lambda or singleton method object with an arity other than 1' do
expect do
Gitlab::Fp::Result.err(1).inspect_err(->(a, b) { a + b })
end.to raise_error(ArgumentError, /Result#inspect_err expects .* with a single argument \(arity of 1\)/)
end
end
describe 'enforcement that passed lambda or method returns nil (void)' do
it 'raises TypeError if passed lambda or singleton method object which does not return nil' do
expect do
Gitlab::Fp::Result.err(1).inspect_err(->(_) { "not nil" })
end.to raise_error(TypeError, /Result#inspect_err.*must always return 'nil'/)
end
end
end
end
describe '#unwrap' do
it 'returns wrapped value if ok' do
expect(Gitlab::Fp::Result.ok(1).unwrap).to eq(1)
end
it 'raises error if err' do
expect { Gitlab::Fp::Result.err('error').unwrap }
.to raise_error(RuntimeError, /called.*unwrap.*on an 'err' Result/i)
end
end
describe '#unwrap_err' do
it 'returns wrapped value if err' do
expect(Gitlab::Fp::Result.err('error').unwrap_err).to eq('error')
end
it 'raises error if ok' do
expect { Gitlab::Fp::Result.ok(1).unwrap_err }
.to raise_error(RuntimeError, /called.*unwrap_err.*on an 'ok' Result/i)
end
end
describe '#==' do
it 'implements equality' do
# rubocop:disable RSpec/IdenticalEqualityAssertion -- We are testing equality
expect(Gitlab::Fp::Result.ok(1)).to eq(Gitlab::Fp::Result.ok(1))
expect(Gitlab::Fp::Result.err('error')).to eq(Gitlab::Fp::Result.err('error'))
expect(Gitlab::Fp::Result.ok(1)).not_to eq(Gitlab::Fp::Result.ok(2))
expect(Gitlab::Fp::Result.err('error')).not_to eq(Gitlab::Fp::Result.err('other error'))
expect(Gitlab::Fp::Result.ok(1)).not_to eq(Gitlab::Fp::Result.err(1))
# rubocop:enable RSpec/IdenticalEqualityAssertion
end
end
describe 'validation' do
context 'for enforcing usage of only public interface' do
context 'when private constructor is called with invalid params' do
it 'raises ArgumentError if both ok_value and err_value are passed' do
expect { Gitlab::Fp::Result.new(ok_value: :ignored, err_value: :ignored) }
.to raise_error(ArgumentError, 'Do not directly use private constructor, use Result.ok or Result.err')
end
it 'raises ArgumentError if neither ok_value nor err_value are passed' do
expect { Gitlab::Fp::Result.new }
.to raise_error(ArgumentError, 'Do not directly use private constructor, use Result.ok or Result.err')
end
end
end
end
end
# rubocop:enable RSpec/DescribedClass, Lint/ConstantDefinitionInBlock, RSpec/LeakyConstantDeclaration