Merge branch 'main' into api-client/headers

apps/provisioning/pkg/repository/github/client.go

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ import (
 // API errors that we need to convey after parsing real GH errors (or faking them).
 var (
 	ErrResourceNotFound = errors.New("the resource does not exist")
+	ErrUnauthorized     = errors.New("unauthorized")
 	//lint:ignore ST1005 this is not punctuation
 	ErrServiceUnavailable = apierrors.NewServiceUnavailable("github is unavailable")
 	ErrTooManyItems       = errors.New("maximum number of items exceeded")

apps/provisioning/pkg/repository/github/impl.go

@@ -199,6 +199,9 @@ func (r *githubClient) DeleteWebhook(ctx context.Context, owner, repository stri
 	if ghErr.Response.StatusCode == http.StatusNotFound {
 		return ErrResourceNotFound
 	}
+	if ghErr.Response.StatusCode == http.StatusUnauthorized || ghErr.Response.StatusCode == http.StatusForbidden {
+		return ErrUnauthorized
+	}
 	return err
 }
 

apps/provisioning/pkg/repository/github/impl_test.go

@@ -975,6 +975,27 @@ func TestGithubClient_DeleteWebhook(t *testing.T) {
 			webhookID:  789,
 			wantErr:    ErrServiceUnavailable,
 		},
+		{
+			name: "unauthorized to delete the webhook",
+			mockHandler: mockhub.NewMockedHTTPClient(
+				mockhub.WithRequestMatchHandler(
+					mockhub.DeleteReposHooksByOwnerByRepoByHookId,
+					http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, _ *http.Request) {
+						w.WriteHeader(http.StatusUnauthorized)
+						require.NoError(t, json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(github.ErrorResponse{
+							Response: &http.Response{
+								StatusCode: http.StatusUnauthorized,
+							},
+							Message: "401 bad credentials",
+						}))
+					}),
+				),
+			),
+			owner:      "test-owner",
+			repository: "test-repo",
+			webhookID:  789,
+			wantErr:    ErrUnauthorized,
+		},
 		{
 			name: "other error",
 			mockHandler: mockhub.NewMockedHTTPClient(

apps/provisioning/pkg/repository/github/webhook.go

@@ -274,11 +274,15 @@ func (r *githubWebhookRepository) deleteWebhook(ctx context.Context) error {
 	id := r.config.Status.Webhook.ID
 
 	err := r.gh.DeleteWebhook(ctx, r.owner, r.repo, id)
-	if err != nil && !errors.Is(err, ErrResourceNotFound) {
+	if err != nil && !errors.Is(err, ErrResourceNotFound) && !errors.Is(err, ErrUnauthorized) {
 		return fmt.Errorf("delete webhook: %w", err)
 	}
 	if errors.Is(err, ErrResourceNotFound) {
-		logger.Info("webhook does not exist", "url", r.config.Status.Webhook.URL, "id", id)
+		logger.Warn("webhook no longer exists", "url", r.config.Status.Webhook.URL, "id", id)
+		return nil
+	}
+	if errors.Is(err, ErrUnauthorized) {
+		logger.Warn("webhook deletion failed. no longer authorized to delete this webhook", "url", r.config.Status.Webhook.URL, "id", id)
 		return nil
 	}
 

apps/provisioning/pkg/repository/github/webhook_test.go

@@ -1565,6 +1565,32 @@ func TestGitHubRepository_OnDelete(t *testing.T) {
 			// We don't return an error if the webhook is already gone
 			expectedError: nil,
 		},
+		{
+			name: "unauthorized to delete the webhook",
+			setupMock: func(m *MockClient) {
+				m.On("DeleteWebhook", mock.Anything, "grafana", "grafana", int64(123)).
+					Return(ErrUnauthorized)
+			},
+			config: &provisioning.Repository{
+				ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{
+					Name: "test-repo",
+				},
+				Spec: provisioning.RepositorySpec{
+					GitHub: &provisioning.GitHubRepositoryConfig{
+						Branch: "main",
+					},
+				},
+				Status: provisioning.RepositoryStatus{
+					Webhook: &provisioning.WebhookStatus{
+						ID:  123,
+						URL: "https://example.com/webhook",
+					},
+				},
+			},
+			webhookURL: "https://example.com/webhook",
+			// We don't return an error if access to the webhook is revoked
+			expectedError: nil,
+		},
 		{
 			name:      "no webhook URL provided",
 			setupMock: func(_ *MockClient) {},

apps/provisioning/pkg/repository/test.go

@@ -75,11 +75,6 @@ func ValidateRepository(repo Repository) field.ErrorList {
 			"The target type is required when sync is enabled"))
 	}
 
-	if cfg.Spec.Sync.Enabled && cfg.Spec.Sync.IntervalSeconds < 10 {
-		list = append(list, field.Invalid(field.NewPath("spec", "sync", "intervalSeconds"),
-			cfg.Spec.Sync.IntervalSeconds, fmt.Sprintf("Interval must be at least %d seconds", 10)))
-	}
-
 	// Reserved names (for now)
 	reserved := []string{"classic", "sql", "SQL", "plugins", "legacy", "new", "job", "github", "s3", "gcs", "file", "new", "create", "update", "delete"}
 	if slices.Contains(reserved, cfg.Name) {

apps/provisioning/pkg/repository/test_test.go

@@ -74,28 +74,6 @@ func TestValidateRepository(t *testing.T) {
 				require.Contains(t, errors.ToAggregate().Error(), "spec.sync.target: Required value")
 			},
 		},
-		{
-			name: "sync interval too low",
-			repository: func() *MockRepository {
-				m := NewMockRepository(t)
-				m.On("Config").Return(&provisioning.Repository{
-					Spec: provisioning.RepositorySpec{
-						Title: "Test Repo",
-						Sync: provisioning.SyncOptions{
-							Enabled:         true,
-							Target:          "test",
-							IntervalSeconds: 5,
-						},
-					},
-				})
-				m.On("Validate").Return(field.ErrorList{})
-				return m
-			}(),
-			expectedErrs: 1,
-			validateError: func(t *testing.T, errors field.ErrorList) {
-				require.Contains(t, errors.ToAggregate().Error(), "spec.sync.intervalSeconds: Invalid value")
-			},
-		},
 		{
 			name: "reserved name",
 			repository: func() *MockRepository {
@@ -191,11 +169,10 @@ func TestValidateRepository(t *testing.T) {
 				m.On("Validate").Return(field.ErrorList{})
 				return m
 			}(),
-			expectedErrs: 4, // Updated from 3 to 4 to match actual errors:
+			expectedErrs: 3,
 			// 1. missing title
 			// 2. sync target missing
-			// 3. sync interval too low
-			// 4. reserved name
+			// 3. reserved name
 		},
 		{
 			name: "branch workflow for non-github repository",
@@ -447,18 +424,6 @@ func TestFromFieldError(t *testing.T) {
 			expectedType:   metav1.CauseTypeFieldValueRequired,
 			expectedDetail: "a repository title must be given",
 		},
-		{
-			name: "invalid field error",
-			fieldError: &field.Error{
-				Type:   field.ErrorTypeInvalid,
-				Field:  "spec.sync.intervalSeconds",
-				Detail: "Interval must be at least 10 seconds",
-			},
-			expectedCode:   http.StatusBadRequest,
-			expectedField:  "spec.sync.intervalSeconds",
-			expectedType:   metav1.CauseTypeFieldValueInvalid,
-			expectedDetail: "Interval must be at least 10 seconds",
-		},
 		{
 			name: "not supported field error",
 			fieldError: &field.Error{

conf/defaults.ini

@@ -2229,3 +2229,8 @@ allowed_targets = instance|folder
 # Whether image rendering is allowed for dashboard previews.
 # Requires image rendering service to be configured.
 allow_image_rendering = true
+
+# The minimum sync interval that can be set for a repository. This is how often the controller
+# will check if there has been any changes to the repository not propagated by a webhook.
+# The minimum value is 10 seconds.
+min_sync_interval = 10s

docs/sources/setup-grafana/configure-security/configure-scim-provisioning/manage-users-teams/_index.md

@@ -223,7 +223,7 @@ Team provisioning requires `group_sync_enabled = true` in the SCIM configuration
 {{< /admonition >}}
 
 {{< admonition type="warning" >}}
-Teams provisioned through SCIM cannot be deleted manually from Grafana - they can only be deleted by removing their corresponding groups from the identity provider.
+Teams provisioned through SCIM cannot be deleted manually from Grafana - they can only be deleted by removing their corresponding groups from the identity provider. Optionally, you can disable SCIM group sync to allow manual deletion of teams.
 {{< /admonition >}}
 
 For detailed configuration steps specific to the identity provider, see:

e2e-playwright/fixtures/long-trace-response.json

@@ -598,7 +598,7 @@
                 "auth-validator",
                 "config-loader",
                 "config-writer",
-                "metrics-collector",
+                "metrics-collector-last-span",
                 "log-writer",
                 "log-reader",
                 "event-publisher",

e2e-playwright/various-suite/trace-view-scrolling.spec.ts

@@ -2,11 +2,6 @@ import { test, expect } from '@grafana/plugin-e2e';
 
 import longTraceResponse from '../fixtures/long-trace-response.json';
 
-// this test requires a larger viewport
-test.use({
-  viewport: { width: 1280, height: 1080 },
-});
-
 test.describe(
   'Trace view',
   {
@@ -33,7 +28,7 @@ test.describe(
       await datasourceList.getByText('gdev-jaeger').click();
 
       // Check that gdev-jaeger is visible in the query editor
-      await expect(page.getByText('gdev-jaeger')).toBeVisible();
+      await expect(page.getByTestId('query-editor-row').getByText('(gdev-jaeger)')).toBeVisible();
 
       // Type the query
       const queryField = page
@@ -44,14 +39,22 @@ test.describe(
       // Use Shift+Enter to execute the query
       await queryField.press('Shift+Enter');
 
-      // Get the initial count of span bars
-      const initialSpanBars = page.getByTestId(selectors.components.TraceViewer.spanBar);
-      const initialSpanBarCount = await initialSpanBars.count();
+      // Wait for the trace viewer to be ready
+      await expect(page.getByRole('switch', { name: /api\-gateway GET/ })).toBeVisible();
 
-      await initialSpanBars.last().scrollIntoViewIfNeeded();
-      await expect
-        .poll(async () => await page.getByTestId(selectors.components.TraceViewer.spanBar).count())
-        .toBeGreaterThan(initialSpanBarCount);
+      // Note the scrolling element is actually the first child of the scroll view, but we can use the scroll wheel on this anyway
+      const scrollEl = page.getByTestId(selectors.pages.Explore.General.scrollView);
+
+      // Assert that the last span is not visible in th page - it should be lazily rendered as the user scrolls
+      const lastSpan = page.getByRole('switch', { name: /metrics\-collector\-last\-span GET/ });
+      await expect(lastSpan).not.toBeVisible();
+
+      // Scroll until the "metrics-collector-last-span GET" switch is visible
+      await expect(async () => {
+        await scrollEl.hover();
+        await page.mouse.wheel(0, 1000);
+        await expect(lastSpan).toBeVisible({ timeout: 1 });
+      }).toPass();
     });
   }
 );

packages/grafana-data/src/types/featureToggles.gen.ts

@@ -885,6 +885,11 @@ export interface FeatureToggles {
   */
   alertingJiraIntegration?: boolean;
   /**
+  * 
+  * @default true
+  */
+  alertingUseNewSimplifiedRoutingHashAlgorithm?: boolean;
+  /**
   * Use the scopes navigation endpoint instead of the dashboardbindings endpoint
   */
   useScopesNavigationEndpoint?: boolean;

pkg/apimachinery/validation/validation.go

@@ -23,9 +23,9 @@ const qualifiedNameFmt string = "^(" + qnameCharFmt + qnameExtCharFmt + "*)?" +
 const qualifiedNameErrMsg string = "must consist of alphanumeric characters, '-', '_' or '.', and must start and end with an alphanumeric character"
 
 const alphaCharFmt string = "[A-Za-z]"
-const resourceCharFmt string = "[A-Za-z0-9]" // alpha numeric
+const resourceCharFmt string = "[A-Za-z0-9-]" // alpha numeric plus dashes
 const resourceFmt string = "^" + alphaCharFmt + resourceCharFmt + "*$"
-const resourceErrMsg string = "must consist of alphanumeric characters"
+const resourceErrMsg string = "must consist of alphanumeric characters and dashes, and must start with an alphabetic character"
 
 var (
 	grafanaNameRegexp   = regexp.MustCompile(grafanaNameFmt).MatchString

pkg/apimachinery/validation/validation_test.go

@@ -198,16 +198,17 @@ func TestValidation(t *testing.T) {
 				"folders",
 				"folders123",
 				"aaa",
+				"hello-world",
+				"hello-world-",
 			},
 		}, {
 			name: "bad input",
 			expect: []string{
-				"resource must consist of alphanumeric characters (e.g. 'dashboards',  or 'folders', regex used for validation is '^[A-Za-z][A-Za-z0-9]*$')",
+				"resource must consist of alphanumeric characters and dashes, and must start with an alphabetic character (e.g. 'dashboards',  or 'folders', regex used for validation is '^[A-Za-z][A-Za-z0-9-]*$')",
 			},
 			input: []string{
 				"_bad_input",
 				"hello world",
-				"hello-world",
 				"hello!",
 				"hello~",
 				"hello ",

pkg/registry/apis/provisioning/controller/finalizers.go

@@ -120,8 +120,8 @@ func (f *finalizer) processExistingItems(
 			Group:    item.Group,
 			Resource: item.Resource,
 		})
-		logger.Error("error getting client for resource", "resource", item.Resource, "error", err)
 		if err != nil {
+			logger.Error("error getting client for resource", "resource", item.Resource, "error", err)
 			return count, err
 		}
 

pkg/registry/apis/provisioning/register.go

@@ -92,6 +92,7 @@ type APIBuilder struct {
 
 	allowedTargets      []provisioning.SyncTargetType
 	allowImageRendering bool
+	minSyncInterval     time.Duration
 
 	features   featuremgmt.FeatureToggles
 	usageStats usagestats.Service
@@ -144,6 +145,7 @@ func NewAPIBuilder(
 	allowedTargets []provisioning.SyncTargetType,
 	restConfigGetter func(context.Context) (*clientrest.Config, error),
 	allowImageRendering bool,
+	minSyncInterval time.Duration,
 	registry prometheus.Registerer,
 	newStandaloneClientFactoryFunc func(loopbackConfigProvider apiserver.RestConfigProvider) resources.ClientFactory, // optional, only used for standalone apiserver
 ) *APIBuilder {
@@ -156,6 +158,11 @@ func NewAPIBuilder(
 	parsers := resources.NewParserFactory(clients)
 	resourceLister := resources.NewResourceListerForMigrations(unified, legacyMigrator, storageStatus)
 
+	// do not allow minsync interval to be less than 10
+	if minSyncInterval <= 10*time.Second {
+		minSyncInterval = 10 * time.Second
+	}
+
 	b := &APIBuilder{
 		onlyApiServer:       onlyApiServer,
 		tracer:              tracer,
@@ -175,6 +182,7 @@ func NewAPIBuilder(
 		allowedTargets:      allowedTargets,
 		restConfigGetter:    restConfigGetter,
 		allowImageRendering: allowImageRendering,
+		minSyncInterval:     minSyncInterval,
 		registry:            registry,
 	}
 
@@ -261,6 +269,7 @@ func RegisterAPIService(
 		allowedTargets,
 		nil, // will use loopback instead
 		cfg.ProvisioningAllowImageRendering,
+		cfg.ProvisioningMinSyncInterval,
 		reg,
 		nil,
 	)
@@ -587,6 +596,11 @@ func (b *APIBuilder) Validate(ctx context.Context, a admission.Attributes, o adm
 				"sync target is not supported"))
 	}
 
+	if cfg.Spec.Sync.Enabled && cfg.Spec.Sync.IntervalSeconds < int64(b.minSyncInterval.Seconds()) {
+		list = append(list, field.Invalid(field.NewPath("spec", "sync", "intervalSeconds"),
+			cfg.Spec.Sync.IntervalSeconds, fmt.Sprintf("Interval must be at least %d seconds", int64(b.minSyncInterval.Seconds()))))
+	}
+
 	if !b.allowImageRendering && cfg.Spec.GitHub != nil && cfg.Spec.GitHub.GenerateDashboardPreviews {
 		list = append(list,
 			field.Invalid(field.NewPath("spec", "generateDashboardPreviews"),

pkg/registry/apis/provisioning/register_validate_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+package provisioning
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	apierrors "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/api/errors"
+	metav1 "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/apis/meta/v1"
+	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/runtime"
+	"k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/admission"
+	"k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/authentication/user"
+
+	"github.com/grafana/grafana/apps/provisioning/pkg/apis/provisioning/v0alpha1"
+	"github.com/grafana/grafana/apps/provisioning/pkg/repository"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/mock"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+)
+
+func TestAPIBuilderValidate(t *testing.T) {
+	factory := repository.NewMockFactory(t)
+	mockRepo := repository.NewMockConfigRepository(t)
+	mockRepo.EXPECT().Validate().Return(nil)
+	factory.EXPECT().Build(mock.Anything, mock.Anything).Return(mockRepo, nil)
+	b := &APIBuilder{
+		repoFactory:         factory,
+		allowedTargets:      []v0alpha1.SyncTargetType{v0alpha1.SyncTargetTypeFolder},
+		allowImageRendering: false,
+		minSyncInterval:     30 * time.Second,
+	}
+
+	t.Run("min sync interval is less than 10 seconds", func(t *testing.T) {
+		cfg := &v0alpha1.Repository{
+			Spec: v0alpha1.RepositorySpec{
+				Title: "repo",
+				Type:  v0alpha1.GitHubRepositoryType,
+				Sync:  v0alpha1.SyncOptions{Enabled: true, Target: v0alpha1.SyncTargetTypeFolder, IntervalSeconds: 5},
+			},
+		}
+		mockRepo.EXPECT().Config().Return(cfg)
+
+		obj := newRepoObj("repo1", "default", cfg.Spec, v0alpha1.RepositoryStatus{})
+		err := b.Validate(context.Background(), newAttributes(obj, nil, admission.Create), nil)
+		require.Error(t, err)
+		require.True(t, apierrors.IsInvalid(err))
+	})
+
+	t.Run("image rendering is not enabled", func(t *testing.T) {
+		cfg2 := &v0alpha1.Repository{
+			Spec: v0alpha1.RepositorySpec{
+				Title:  "repo",
+				Type:   v0alpha1.GitHubRepositoryType,
+				Sync:   v0alpha1.SyncOptions{Enabled: false, Target: v0alpha1.SyncTargetTypeFolder},
+				GitHub: &v0alpha1.GitHubRepositoryConfig{URL: "https://github.com/acme/repo", Branch: "main", GenerateDashboardPreviews: true},
+			},
+		}
+		mockRepo.EXPECT().Config().Return(cfg2)
+
+		obj := newRepoObj("repo2", "default", cfg2.Spec, v0alpha1.RepositoryStatus{})
+		err := b.Validate(context.Background(), newAttributes(obj, nil, admission.Create), nil)
+		require.Error(t, err)
+		require.True(t, apierrors.IsInvalid(err))
+	})
+
+	t.Run("sync target is not supported", func(t *testing.T) {
+		cfg3 := &v0alpha1.Repository{
+			Spec: v0alpha1.RepositorySpec{
+				Title: "repo",
+				Type:  v0alpha1.GitHubRepositoryType,
+				Sync:  v0alpha1.SyncOptions{Enabled: true, Target: v0alpha1.SyncTargetTypeInstance},
+			},
+		}
+		mockRepo.EXPECT().Config().Return(cfg3)
+
+		obj := newRepoObj("repo3", "default", cfg3.Spec, v0alpha1.RepositoryStatus{})
+		err := b.Validate(context.Background(), newAttributes(obj, nil, admission.Create), nil)
+		require.Error(t, err)
+		require.True(t, apierrors.IsInvalid(err))
+	})
+}
+
+func newRepoObj(name string, ns string, spec v0alpha1.RepositorySpec, status v0alpha1.RepositoryStatus) *v0alpha1.Repository {
+	return &v0alpha1.Repository{
+		TypeMeta:   metav1.TypeMeta{APIVersion: v0alpha1.APIVERSION, Kind: "Repository"},
+		ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{Name: name, Namespace: ns},
+		Spec:       spec,
+		Status:     status,
+	}
+}
+
+func newAttributes(obj, old runtime.Object, op admission.Operation) admission.Attributes {
+	return admission.NewAttributesRecord(
+		obj,
+		old,
+		v0alpha1.RepositoryResourceInfo.GroupVersionKind(),
+		"default",
+		func() string {
+			if obj != nil {
+				return obj.(*v0alpha1.Repository).Name
+			}
+			if old != nil {
+				return old.(*v0alpha1.Repository).Name
+			}
+			return ""
+		}(),
+		v0alpha1.RepositoryResourceInfo.GroupVersionResource(),
+		"",
+		op,
+		nil,
+		false,
+		&user.DefaultInfo{},
+	)
+}

pkg/server/module_server.go

@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ func (s *ModuleServer) Run() error {
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}
-		return sql.ProvideUnifiedStorageGrpcService(s.cfg, s.features, nil, s.log, s.registerer, docBuilders, s.storageMetrics, s.indexMetrics, s.searchServerRing, s.MemberlistKVConfig)
+		return sql.ProvideUnifiedStorageGrpcService(s.cfg, s.features, nil, s.log, s.registerer, docBuilders, s.storageMetrics, s.indexMetrics, s.searchServerRing, s.MemberlistKVConfig, s.httpServerRouter)
 	})
 
 	m.RegisterModule(modules.ZanzanaServer, func() (services.Service, error) {

pkg/services/featuremgmt/registry.go

@@ -1520,6 +1520,16 @@ var (
 			FrontendOnly: true,
 			HideFromDocs: true,
 		},
+		{
+			Name:              "alertingUseNewSimplifiedRoutingHashAlgorithm",
+			Description:       "",
+			Stage:             FeatureStagePublicPreview,
+			Owner:             grafanaAlertingSquad,
+			HideFromAdminPage: true,
+			HideFromDocs:      true,
+			RequiresRestart:   true,
+			Expression:        "true",
+		},
 		{
 			Name:              "useScopesNavigationEndpoint",
 			Description:       "Use the scopes navigation endpoint instead of the dashboardbindings endpoint",

pkg/services/featuremgmt/toggles_gen.csv

@@ -198,6 +198,7 @@ fetchRulesUsingPost,experimental,@grafana/alerting-squad,false,false,false
 newLogsPanel,experimental,@grafana/observability-logs,false,false,true
 grafanaconThemes,GA,@grafana/grafana-frontend-platform,false,true,false
 alertingJiraIntegration,experimental,@grafana/alerting-squad,false,false,true
+alertingUseNewSimplifiedRoutingHashAlgorithm,preview,@grafana/alerting-squad,false,true,false
 useScopesNavigationEndpoint,experimental,@grafana/grafana-frontend-platform,false,false,true
 scopeSearchAllLevels,experimental,@grafana/grafana-frontend-platform,false,false,false
 alertingRuleVersionHistoryRestore,GA,@grafana/alerting-squad,false,false,true

pkg/services/featuremgmt/toggles_gen.go

@@ -803,6 +803,9 @@ const (
 	// Enables the new Jira integration for contact points in cloud alert managers.
 	FlagAlertingJiraIntegration = "alertingJiraIntegration"
 
+	// FlagAlertingUseNewSimplifiedRoutingHashAlgorithm
+	FlagAlertingUseNewSimplifiedRoutingHashAlgorithm = "alertingUseNewSimplifiedRoutingHashAlgorithm"
+
 	// FlagUseScopesNavigationEndpoint
 	// Use the scopes navigation endpoint instead of the dashboardbindings endpoint
 	FlagUseScopesNavigationEndpoint = "useScopesNavigationEndpoint"

pkg/services/featuremgmt/toggles_gen.json

@@ -610,6 +610,46 @@
         "expression": "true"
       }
     },
+    {
+      "metadata": {
+        "name": "alertingUseNewSimplifiedRoutingHashAlgorithm",
+        "resourceVersion": "1759339813575",
+        "creationTimestamp": "2025-10-01T17:28:42Z",
+        "deletionTimestamp": "2025-10-01T17:29:29Z",
+        "annotations": {
+          "grafana.app/updatedTimestamp": "2025-10-01 17:30:13.575464 +0000 UTC"
+        }
+      },
+      "spec": {
+        "description": "",
+        "stage": "preview",
+        "codeowner": "@grafana/alerting-squad",
+        "requiresRestart": true,
+        "hideFromAdminPage": true,
+        "hideFromDocs": true,
+        "expression": "true"
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "metadata": {
+        "name": "alertingUseOldSimplifiedRoutingHashAlgorithm",
+        "resourceVersion": "1759339782639",
+        "creationTimestamp": "2025-10-01T17:29:29Z",
+        "deletionTimestamp": "2025-10-01T17:30:13Z",
+        "annotations": {
+          "grafana.app/updatedTimestamp": "2025-10-01 17:29:42.63941 +0000 UTC"
+        }
+      },
+      "spec": {
+        "description": "",
+        "stage": "deprecated",
+        "codeowner": "@grafana/alerting-squad",
+        "requiresRestart": true,
+        "hideFromAdminPage": true,
+        "hideFromDocs": true,
+        "expression": "false"
+      }
+    },
     {
       "metadata": {
         "name": "alertmanagerRemotePrimary",

pkg/services/ngalert/api/api_alertmanager_test.go

@@ -291,7 +291,8 @@ func TestAlertmanagerAutogenConfig(t *testing.T) {
 			1: {AlertmanagerConfiguration: validConfig, OrgID: 1},
 			2: {AlertmanagerConfiguration: validConfigWithoutAutogen, OrgID: 2},
 		}
-		sut.mam = createMultiOrgAlertmanager(t, configs)
+		ft := featuremgmt.WithFeatures(featuremgmt.FlagAlertingUseNewSimplifiedRoutingHashAlgorithm)
+		sut.mam = createMultiOrgAlertmanager(t, configs, withAMFeatureToggles(ft))
 		return sut, configs
 	}
 
@@ -577,9 +578,29 @@ func createSut(t *testing.T) AlertmanagerSrv {
 	}
 }
 
-func createMultiOrgAlertmanager(t *testing.T, configs map[int64]*ngmodels.AlertConfiguration) *notifier.MultiOrgAlertmanager {
+type createMultiOrgAMOptions struct {
+	featureToggles featuremgmt.FeatureToggles
+}
+
+type createMultiOrgAMOptionsFunc func(*createMultiOrgAMOptions)
+
+func withAMFeatureToggles(toggles featuremgmt.FeatureToggles) createMultiOrgAMOptionsFunc {
+	return func(opts *createMultiOrgAMOptions) {
+		opts.featureToggles = toggles
+	}
+}
+
+func createMultiOrgAlertmanager(t *testing.T, configs map[int64]*ngmodels.AlertConfiguration, opts ...createMultiOrgAMOptionsFunc) *notifier.MultiOrgAlertmanager {
 	t.Helper()
 
+	options := createMultiOrgAMOptions{
+		featureToggles: featuremgmt.WithFeatures(),
+	}
+
+	for _, opt := range opts {
+		opt(&options)
+	}
+
 	configStore := notifier.NewFakeConfigStore(t, configs)
 	orgStore := notifier.NewFakeOrgStore(t, []int64{1, 2, 3})
 	provStore := ngfakes.NewFakeProvisioningStore()
@@ -610,7 +631,7 @@ func createMultiOrgAlertmanager(t *testing.T, configs map[int64]*ngmodels.AlertC
 		ngfakes.NewFakeReceiverPermissionsService(),
 		log.New("testlogger"),
 		secretsService,
-		featuremgmt.WithManager(),
+		options.featureToggles,
 		nil,
 	)
 	require.NoError(t, err)

pkg/services/ngalert/api/api_testing.go

@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ func (srv TestingApiSrv) RouteTestGrafanaRuleConfig(c *contextmodel.ReqContext,
 		now,
 		rule,
 		results,
-		state.GetRuleExtraLabels(log.New("testing"), rule, folder.Fullpath, includeFolder),
+		state.GetRuleExtraLabels(log.New("testing"), rule, folder.Fullpath, includeFolder, srv.featureManager),
 		nil,
 	)
 

pkg/services/ngalert/models/notifications.go

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import (
 	"unsafe"
 
 	"github.com/grafana/grafana-plugin-sdk-go/data"
+	"github.com/grafana/grafana/pkg/services/featuremgmt"
 	"github.com/prometheus/common/model"
 )
 
@@ -102,12 +103,12 @@ func (s *NotificationSettings) Validate() error {
 //   - AutogeneratedRouteLabel: "true"
 //   - AutogeneratedRouteReceiverNameLabel: Receiver
 //   - AutogeneratedRouteSettingsHashLabel: Fingerprint (if the NotificationSettings are not all default)
-func (s *NotificationSettings) ToLabels() data.Labels {
+func (s *NotificationSettings) ToLabels(features featuremgmt.FeatureToggles) data.Labels {
 	result := make(data.Labels, 3)
 	result[AutogeneratedRouteLabel] = "true"
 	result[AutogeneratedRouteReceiverNameLabel] = s.Receiver
 	if !s.IsAllDefault() {
-		result[AutogeneratedRouteSettingsHashLabel] = s.Fingerprint().String()
+		result[AutogeneratedRouteSettingsHashLabel] = s.Fingerprint(features).String()
 	}
 	return result
 }
@@ -160,7 +161,7 @@ func NewDefaultNotificationSettings(receiver string) NotificationSettings {
 // Fingerprint calculates a hash value to uniquely identify a NotificationSettings by its attributes.
 // The hash is calculated by concatenating the strings and durations of the NotificationSettings attributes
 // and using an invalid UTF-8 sequence as a separator.
-func (s *NotificationSettings) Fingerprint() data.Fingerprint {
+func (s *NotificationSettings) Fingerprint(features featuremgmt.FeatureToggles) data.Fingerprint {
 	h := fnv.New64()
 	tmp := make([]byte, 8)
 
@@ -192,7 +193,10 @@ func (s *NotificationSettings) Fingerprint() data.Fingerprint {
 	}
 	// Add a separator between the time intervals to avoid collisions
 	// when all settings are the same including interval names except for the interval type (mute vs active).
+	// Use new algorithm by default, unless feature flag is explicitly disabled
+	if features == nil || (features != nil && features.IsEnabledGlobally(featuremgmt.FlagAlertingUseNewSimplifiedRoutingHashAlgorithm)) {
 		_, _ = h.Write([]byte{255})
+	}
 	for _, interval := range s.ActiveTimeIntervals {
 		writeString(interval)
 	}

pkg/services/ngalert/models/notifications_test.go

@@ -195,7 +195,7 @@ func TestNotificationSettingsLabels(t *testing.T) {
 
 	for _, tt := range testCases {
 		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			labels := tt.notificationSettings.ToLabels()
+			labels := tt.notificationSettings.ToLabels(nil)
 			require.Equal(t, tt.labels, labels)
 		})
 	}
@@ -219,7 +219,7 @@ func TestNotificationSettings_TimeIntervals(t *testing.T) {
 		ActiveTimeIntervals: []string{timeInterval},
 	}
 
-	require.NotEqual(t, activeSettings.Fingerprint(), muteSettings.Fingerprint())
+	require.NotEqual(t, activeSettings.Fingerprint(nil), muteSettings.Fingerprint(nil))
 }
 
 func TestNormalizedGroupBy(t *testing.T) {

pkg/services/ngalert/ngalert.go

@@ -220,7 +220,7 @@ func (ng *AlertNG) init() error {
 			Timeout:           ng.Cfg.UnifiedAlerting.RemoteAlertmanager.Timeout,
 		}
 		autogenFn := func(ctx context.Context, logger log.Logger, orgID int64, cfg *definitions.PostableApiAlertingConfig, skipInvalid bool) error {
-			return notifier.AddAutogenConfig(ctx, logger, ng.store, orgID, cfg, skipInvalid)
+			return notifier.AddAutogenConfig(ctx, logger, ng.store, orgID, cfg, skipInvalid, ng.FeatureToggles)
 		}
 
 		// This function will be used by the MOA to create new Alertmanagers.

pkg/services/ngalert/notifier/alertmanager.go

@@ -56,6 +56,7 @@ type alertmanager struct {
 	DefaultConfiguration string
 	decryptFn            alertingNotify.GetDecryptedValueFn
 	crypto               Crypto
+	features             featuremgmt.FeatureToggles
 }
 
 // maintenanceOptions represent the options for components that need maintenance on a frequency within the Alertmanager.
@@ -155,6 +156,7 @@ func NewAlertmanager(ctx context.Context, orgID int64, cfg *setting.Cfg, store A
 		logger:               l.New("component", "alertmanager", opts.TenantKey, opts.TenantID), // similar to what the base does
 		decryptFn:            decryptFn,
 		crypto:               crypto,
+		features:             featureToggles,
 	}
 
 	return am, nil
@@ -344,7 +346,7 @@ func (am *alertmanager) applyConfig(ctx context.Context, cfg *apimodels.Postable
 	templates := alertingNotify.PostableAPITemplatesToTemplateDefinitions(cfg.GetMergedTemplateDefinitions())
 
 	// Now add autogenerated config to the route.
-	err = AddAutogenConfig(ctx, am.logger, am.Store, am.Base.TenantID(), &amConfig, skipInvalid)
+	err = AddAutogenConfig(ctx, am.logger, am.Store, am.Base.TenantID(), &amConfig, skipInvalid, am.features)
 	if err != nil {
 		return false, err
 	}

pkg/services/ngalert/notifier/alertmanager_config.go

@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ func (moa *MultiOrgAlertmanager) GetAlertmanagerConfiguration(ctx context.Contex
 		// Otherwise, broken settings (e.g. a receiver that doesn't exist) will cause the config returned here to be
 		// different than the config currently in-use.
 		// TODO: Preferably, we'd be getting the config directly from the in-memory AM so adding the autogen config would not be necessary.
-		err := AddAutogenConfig(ctx, moa.logger, moa.configStore, org, &cfg.AlertmanagerConfig, true)
+		err := AddAutogenConfig(ctx, moa.logger, moa.configStore, org, &cfg.AlertmanagerConfig, true, moa.featureManager)
 		if err != nil {
 			return definitions.GettableUserConfig{}, err
 		}

pkg/services/ngalert/notifier/autogen_alertmanager.go

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ import (
 	"golang.org/x/exp/maps"
 
 	"github.com/grafana/grafana/pkg/infra/log"
+	"github.com/grafana/grafana/pkg/services/featuremgmt"
 	"github.com/grafana/grafana/pkg/services/ngalert/api/tooling/definitions"
 	"github.com/grafana/grafana/pkg/services/ngalert/models"
 )
@@ -22,8 +23,8 @@ type autogenRuleStore interface {
 
 // AddAutogenConfig creates the autogenerated configuration and adds it to the given apiAlertingConfig.
 // If skipInvalid is true, then invalid notification settings are skipped, otherwise an error is returned.
-func AddAutogenConfig[R receiver](ctx context.Context, logger log.Logger, store autogenRuleStore, orgId int64, cfg apiAlertingConfig[R], skipInvalid bool) error {
-	autogenRoute, err := newAutogeneratedRoute(ctx, logger, store, orgId, cfg, skipInvalid)
+func AddAutogenConfig[R receiver](ctx context.Context, logger log.Logger, store autogenRuleStore, orgId int64, cfg apiAlertingConfig[R], skipInvalid bool, features featuremgmt.FeatureToggles) error {
+	autogenRoute, err := newAutogeneratedRoute(ctx, logger, store, orgId, cfg, skipInvalid, features)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -39,7 +40,7 @@ func AddAutogenConfig[R receiver](ctx context.Context, logger log.Logger, store
 // newAutogeneratedRoute creates a new autogenerated route based on the notification settings for the given org.
 // cfg is used to construct the settings validator and to ensure we create a dedicated route for each receiver.
 // skipInvalid is used to skip invalid settings instead of returning an error.
-func newAutogeneratedRoute[R receiver](ctx context.Context, logger log.Logger, store autogenRuleStore, orgId int64, cfg apiAlertingConfig[R], skipInvalid bool) (autogeneratedRoute, error) {
+func newAutogeneratedRoute[R receiver](ctx context.Context, logger log.Logger, store autogenRuleStore, orgId int64, cfg apiAlertingConfig[R], skipInvalid bool, features featuremgmt.FeatureToggles) (autogeneratedRoute, error) {
 	settings, err := store.ListNotificationSettings(ctx, models.ListNotificationSettingsQuery{OrgID: orgId})
 	if err != nil {
 		return autogeneratedRoute{}, fmt.Errorf("failed to list alert rules: %w", err)
@@ -50,7 +51,7 @@ func newAutogeneratedRoute[R receiver](ctx context.Context, logger log.Logger, s
 	// contact point even if no rules are using it. This will prevent race conditions between AM sync and rule sync.
 	for _, receiver := range cfg.GetReceivers() {
 		setting := models.NewDefaultNotificationSettings(receiver.GetName())
-		fp := setting.Fingerprint()
+		fp := setting.Fingerprint(features)
 		notificationSettings[fp] = setting
 	}
 
@@ -65,7 +66,7 @@ func newAutogeneratedRoute[R receiver](ctx context.Context, logger log.Logger, s
 				}
 				return autogeneratedRoute{}, fmt.Errorf("invalid notification settings for rule %s: %w", ruleKey.UID, err)
 			}
-			fp := setting.Fingerprint()
+			fp := setting.Fingerprint(features)
 			// Keep only unique settings.
 			if _, ok := notificationSettings[fp]; ok {
 				continue

pkg/services/ngalert/notifier/autogen_alertmanager_test.go

@@ -290,7 +290,7 @@ func TestAddAutogenConfig(t *testing.T) {
 				store.notificationSettings[orgId][models.AlertRuleKey{OrgID: orgId, UID: util.GenerateShortUID()}] = []models.NotificationSettings{setting}
 			}
 
-			err := AddAutogenConfig(context.Background(), &logtest.Fake{}, store, orgId, tt.existingConfig, tt.skipInvalid)
+			err := AddAutogenConfig(context.Background(), &logtest.Fake{}, store, orgId, tt.existingConfig, tt.skipInvalid, nil)
 			if tt.expErrorContains != "" {
 				require.Error(t, err)
 				require.ErrorContains(t, err, tt.expErrorContains)

pkg/services/ngalert/schedule/alert_rule.go

@@ -471,7 +471,7 @@ func (a *alertRule) evaluate(ctx context.Context, e *Evaluation, span trace.Span
 		e.scheduledAt,
 		e.rule,
 		results,
-		state.GetRuleExtraLabels(logger, e.rule, e.folderTitle, !a.disableGrafanaFolder),
+		state.GetRuleExtraLabels(logger, e.rule, e.folderTitle, !a.disableGrafanaFolder, a.featureToggles),
 		func(ctx context.Context, statesToSend state.StateTransitions) {
 			start := a.clock.Now()
 			alerts := a.send(ctx, logger, statesToSend)

pkg/services/ngalert/schedule/alert_rule_test.go

@@ -1317,7 +1317,7 @@ func stateForRule(rule *models.AlertRule, ts time.Time, evalState eval.State) *s
 	for k, v := range rule.Labels {
 		s.Labels[k] = v
 	}
-	for k, v := range state.GetRuleExtraLabels(&logtest.Fake{}, rule, "", true) {
+	for k, v := range state.GetRuleExtraLabels(&logtest.Fake{}, rule, "", true, nil) {
 		if _, ok := s.Labels[k]; !ok {
 			s.Labels[k] = v
 		}

pkg/services/ngalert/schedule/registry.go

@@ -304,7 +304,7 @@ func (r ruleWithFolder) Fingerprint() fingerprint {
 	}
 
 	for _, setting := range rule.NotificationSettings {
-		binary.LittleEndian.PutUint64(tmp, uint64(setting.Fingerprint()))
+		binary.LittleEndian.PutUint64(tmp, uint64(setting.Fingerprint(nil)))
 		writeBytes(tmp)
 	}
 

pkg/services/ngalert/state/state.go

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/grafana/grafana/pkg/apimachinery/errutil"
 	"github.com/grafana/grafana/pkg/expr"
 	"github.com/grafana/grafana/pkg/infra/log"
+	"github.com/grafana/grafana/pkg/services/featuremgmt"
 	"github.com/grafana/grafana/pkg/services/ngalert/eval"
 	"github.com/grafana/grafana/pkg/services/ngalert/models"
 	"github.com/grafana/grafana/pkg/services/screenshot"
@@ -753,7 +754,7 @@ func ParseFormattedState(stateStr string) (eval.State, string, error) {
 }
 
 // GetRuleExtraLabels returns a map of built-in labels that should be added to an alert before it is sent to the Alertmanager or its state is cached.
-func GetRuleExtraLabels(l log.Logger, rule *models.AlertRule, folderTitle string, includeFolder bool) map[string]string {
+func GetRuleExtraLabels(l log.Logger, rule *models.AlertRule, folderTitle string, includeFolder bool, features featuremgmt.FeatureToggles) map[string]string {
 	extraLabels := make(map[string]string, 4)
 
 	extraLabels[alertingModels.NamespaceUIDLabel] = rule.NamespaceUID
@@ -771,7 +772,7 @@ func GetRuleExtraLabels(l log.Logger, rule *models.AlertRule, folderTitle string
 			ignored, _ := json.Marshal(rule.NotificationSettings[1:])
 			l.Error("Detected multiple notification settings, which is not supported. Only the first will be applied", "ignored_settings", string(ignored))
 		}
-		return mergeLabels(extraLabels, rule.NotificationSettings[0].ToLabels())
+		return mergeLabels(extraLabels, rule.NotificationSettings[0].ToLabels(features))
 	}
 	return extraLabels
 }

pkg/services/ngalert/state/state_test.go

@@ -779,7 +779,7 @@ func TestGetRuleExtraLabels(t *testing.T) {
 				models.RuleUIDLabel:                          rule.UID,
 				ngmodels.AutogeneratedRouteLabel:             "true",
 				ngmodels.AutogeneratedRouteReceiverNameLabel: ns.Receiver,
-				ngmodels.AutogeneratedRouteSettingsHashLabel: ns.Fingerprint().String(),
+				ngmodels.AutogeneratedRouteSettingsHashLabel: ns.Fingerprint(nil).String(),
 			},
 		},
 		"ignore_multiple_notifications": {
@@ -794,14 +794,14 @@ func TestGetRuleExtraLabels(t *testing.T) {
 				models.RuleUIDLabel:                          rule.UID,
 				ngmodels.AutogeneratedRouteLabel:             "true",
 				ngmodels.AutogeneratedRouteReceiverNameLabel: ns.Receiver,
-				ngmodels.AutogeneratedRouteSettingsHashLabel: ns.Fingerprint().String(),
+				ngmodels.AutogeneratedRouteSettingsHashLabel: ns.Fingerprint(nil).String(),
 			},
 		},
 	}
 
 	for name, tc := range testCases {
 		t.Run(name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			result := GetRuleExtraLabels(logger, tc.rule, folderTitle, tc.includeFolder)
+			result := GetRuleExtraLabels(logger, tc.rule, folderTitle, tc.includeFolder, nil)
 			require.Equal(t, tc.expected, result)
 		})
 	}

pkg/services/store/kind/dashboard/dashboard.go

@@ -334,6 +334,9 @@ func filterOutSpecialDatasources(dash *DashboardSummaryInfo) {
 			case "-- Dashboard --":
 				// The `Dashboard` datasource refers to the results of the query used in another panel
 				continue
+			case "grafana":
+				// this is the uid for the -- Grafana -- datasource
+				continue
 			default:
 				dsRefs = append(dsRefs, ds)
 			}

pkg/services/store/kind/dashboard/testdata/check-string-datasource-id-info.json

@@ -2,24 +2,12 @@
   "id": 250,
   "title": "fast streaming",
   "tags": null,
-  "datasource": [
-    {
-      "uid": "grafana",
-      "type": "datasource"
-    }
-  ],
   "panels": [
     {
       "id": 3,
       "title": "Panel Title",
       "type": "timeseries",
-      "pluginVersion": "7.5.0-pre",
-      "datasource": [
-        {
-          "uid": "grafana",
-          "type": "datasource"
-        }
-      ]
+      "pluginVersion": "7.5.0-pre"
     }
   ],
   "schemaVersion": 27,

pkg/services/store/kind/dashboard/testdata/special-datasource-types-info.json

@@ -3,10 +3,6 @@
   "title": "special ds",
   "tags": null,
   "datasource": [
-    {
-      "uid": "grafana",
-      "type": "datasource"
-    },
     {
       "uid": "dgd92lq7k",
       "type": "frser-sqlite-datasource"
@@ -22,10 +18,6 @@
       "title": "mixed ds with grafana ds",
       "type": "timeseries",
       "datasource": [
-        {
-          "uid": "grafana",
-          "type": "datasource"
-        },
         {
           "uid": "dgd92lq7k",
           "type": "frser-sqlite-datasource"
@@ -45,13 +37,7 @@
     {
       "id": 6,
       "title": "grafana ds",
-      "type": "timeseries",
-      "datasource": [
-        {
-          "uid": "grafana",
-          "type": "datasource"
-        }
-      ]
+      "type": "timeseries"
     },
     {
       "id": 2,

pkg/services/team/teamapi/team.go

@@ -431,7 +431,8 @@ func (tapi *TeamAPI) validateTeam(c *contextmodel.ReqContext, teamID int64, prov
 		return response.Error(http.StatusInternalServerError, "Failed to get Team", err)
 	}
 
-	if teamDTO.IsProvisioned {
+	isGroupSyncEnabled := tapi.cfg.Raw.Section("auth.scim").Key("group_sync_enabled").MustBool(false)
+	if isGroupSyncEnabled && teamDTO.IsProvisioned {
 		return response.Error(http.StatusBadRequest, provisionedMessage, err)
 	}
 

pkg/services/team/teamapi/team_members.go

@@ -299,7 +299,8 @@ func (tapi *TeamAPI) removeTeamMember(c *contextmodel.ReqContext) response.Respo
 		return response.Error(http.StatusInternalServerError, "Failed to get Team", err)
 	}
 
-	if existingTeam.IsProvisioned {
+	isGroupSyncEnabled := tapi.cfg.Raw.Section("auth.scim").Key("group_sync_enabled").MustBool(false)
+	if isGroupSyncEnabled && existingTeam.IsProvisioned {
 		return response.Error(http.StatusBadRequest, "Team memberships cannot be updated for provisioned teams", err)
 	}
 

pkg/services/team/teamapi/team_members_test.go

@@ -169,13 +169,15 @@ func TestUpdateTeamMembersAPIEndpoint(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 }
 
-func TestUpdateTeamMembersFromProvisionedTeam(t *testing.T) {
+func TestUpdateTeamMembersFromProvisionedTeamWhenGroupSyncIsEnabled(t *testing.T) {
 	server := SetupAPITestServer(t, &teamtest.FakeService{
 		ExpectedIsMember: true,
 		ExpectedTeamDTO:  &team.TeamDTO{ID: 1, UID: "a00001", IsProvisioned: true},
+	}, func(tapi *TeamAPI) {
+		tapi.cfg.Raw.Section("auth.scim").Key("group_sync_enabled").SetValue("true")
 	})
 
-	t.Run("should not be able to update team member from a provisioned team", func(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("should not be able to update team member from a provisioned team if team sync is enabled", func(t *testing.T) {
 		req := webtest.RequestWithSignedInUser(
 			server.NewRequest(http.MethodPut, "/api/teams/1/members/1", strings.NewReader("{\"permission\": 1}")),
 			authedUserWithPermissions(1, 1, []accesscontrol.Permission{{Action: accesscontrol.ActionTeamsPermissionsWrite, Scope: "teams:id:1"}}),
@@ -186,7 +188,7 @@ func TestUpdateTeamMembersFromProvisionedTeam(t *testing.T) {
 		require.NoError(t, res.Body.Close())
 	})
 
-	t.Run("should not be able to update team member from a provisioned team by team UID", func(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("should not be able to update team member from a provisioned team by team UID if team sync is enabled", func(t *testing.T) {
 		req := webtest.RequestWithSignedInUser(
 			server.NewRequest(http.MethodPut, "/api/teams/a00001/members/1", strings.NewReader("{\"permission\": 1}")),
 			authedUserWithPermissions(1, 1, []accesscontrol.Permission{{Action: accesscontrol.ActionTeamsPermissionsWrite, Scope: "teams:id:1"}}),
@@ -198,6 +200,27 @@ func TestUpdateTeamMembersFromProvisionedTeam(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 }
 
+func TestUpdateTeamMembersFromProvisionedTeamWhenGroupSyncIsDisabled(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("should be able to delete team member from a provisioned team when SCIM group sync is disabled", func(t *testing.T) {
+		server := SetupAPITestServer(t, nil, func(hs *TeamAPI) {
+			hs.teamService = &teamtest.FakeService{
+				ExpectedIsMember: true,
+				ExpectedTeamDTO:  &team.TeamDTO{ID: 1, UID: "a00001", IsProvisioned: true},
+			}
+			hs.teamPermissionsService = &actest.FakePermissionsService{}
+		})
+
+		req := webtest.RequestWithSignedInUser(
+			server.NewRequest(http.MethodDelete, "/api/teams/1/members/1", nil),
+			authedUserWithPermissions(1, 1, []accesscontrol.Permission{{Action: accesscontrol.ActionTeamsPermissionsWrite, Scope: "teams:id:1"}}),
+		)
+		res, err := server.SendJSON(req)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, res.StatusCode)
+		require.NoError(t, res.Body.Close())
+	})
+}
+
 func TestDeleteTeamMembersAPIEndpoint(t *testing.T) {
 	server := SetupAPITestServer(t, nil, func(hs *TeamAPI) {
 		hs.teamService = &teamtest.FakeService{
@@ -236,6 +259,8 @@ func TestDeleteTeamMembersFromProvisionedTeam(t *testing.T) {
 			ExpectedTeamDTO:  &team.TeamDTO{ID: 1, UID: "a00001", IsProvisioned: true},
 		}
 		hs.teamPermissionsService = &actest.FakePermissionsService{}
+	}, func(hs *TeamAPI) {
+		hs.cfg.Raw.Section("auth.scim").Key("group_sync_enabled").SetValue("true")
 	})
 
 	t.Run("should not be able to delete team member from a provisioned team", func(t *testing.T) {

pkg/setting/setting.go

@@ -138,6 +138,7 @@ type Cfg struct {
 	ProvisioningDisableControllers  bool
 	ProvisioningAllowedTargets      []string
 	ProvisioningAllowImageRendering bool
+	ProvisioningMinSyncInterval     time.Duration
 	ProvisioningRepositoryTypes     []string
 	ProvisioningLokiURL             string
 	ProvisioningLokiUser            string
@@ -2125,6 +2126,7 @@ func (cfg *Cfg) readProvisioningSettings(iniFile *ini.File) error {
 		cfg.ProvisioningAllowedTargets = []string{"instance", "folder"}
 	}
 	cfg.ProvisioningAllowImageRendering = iniFile.Section("provisioning").Key("allow_image_rendering").MustBool(true)
+	cfg.ProvisioningMinSyncInterval = iniFile.Section("provisioning").Key("min_sync_interval").MustDuration(10 * time.Second)
 
 	// Read job history configuration
 	cfg.ProvisioningLokiURL = valueAsString(iniFile.Section("provisioning"), "loki_url", "")

pkg/storage/unified/apistore/store.go

@@ -293,13 +293,6 @@ func (s *Storage) Delete(
 		if err := preconditions.Check(key, out); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
-
-		if preconditions.ResourceVersion != nil {
-			cmd.ResourceVersion, err = strconv.ParseInt(*preconditions.ResourceVersion, 10, 64)
-			if err != nil {
-				return err
-			}
-		}
 		if preconditions.UID != nil {
 			cmd.Uid = string(*preconditions.UID)
 		}
@@ -319,6 +312,10 @@ func (s *Storage) Delete(
 		return s.handleManagedResourceRouting(ctx, err, resourcepb.WatchEvent_DELETED, key, out, out)
 	}
 
+	cmd.ResourceVersion, err = meta.GetResourceVersionInt64()
+	if err != nil {
+		return resource.GetError(resource.AsErrorResult(err))
+	}
 	rsp, err := s.store.Delete(ctx, cmd)
 	if err != nil {
 		return resource.GetError(resource.AsErrorResult(err))
@@ -536,6 +533,18 @@ func (s *Storage) GuaranteedUpdate(
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
+	// NOTE: by default, the RV will **not** be set in the preconditions (it is removed here: https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/v1.34.1/staging/src/k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/registry/rest/update.go#L187)
+	// instead, the RV check is done with the object from the request itself.
+	//
+	// the object from the request is retrieved in the tryUpdate function (we use the generic k8s store one). this function calls the UpdateObject function here: https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/v1.34.1/staging/src/k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/registry/generic/registry/store.go#L653
+	// and that will run a series of transformations: https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/v1.34.1/staging/src/k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/registry/rest/update.go#L219
+	//
+	// the specific transformations it runs depends on what type of update it is.
+	// for patch, the transformers are set here and use the patchBytes from the request: https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/v1.34.1/staging/src/k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/endpoints/handlers/patch.go#L697
+	// for put, it uses the object from the request here: https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/v1.34.1/staging/src/k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/endpoints/handlers/update.go#L163
+	//
+	// after those transformations, the RV will then be on the object so that the RV check can properly be done here: https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/v1.34.1/staging/src/k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/registry/generic/registry/store.go#L662
+	// it will be compared to the current object that we pass in below from storage.
 	if preconditions != nil && preconditions.ResourceVersion != nil {
 		req.ResourceVersion, err = strconv.ParseInt(*preconditions.ResourceVersion, 10, 64)
 		if err != nil {
@@ -611,8 +620,6 @@ func (s *Storage) GuaranteedUpdate(
 			}
 			continue
 		}
-		break
-	}
 
 		v, err := s.prepareObjectForUpdate(ctx, updatedObj, existingObj)
 		if err != nil {
@@ -623,10 +630,14 @@ func (s *Storage) GuaranteedUpdate(
 		var rv uint64
 		req.Value = v.raw.Bytes()
 		if !bytes.Equal(req.Value, existingBytes) {
+			req.ResourceVersion = readResponse.ResourceVersion
 			updateResponse, err := s.store.Update(ctx, req)
 			if err != nil {
 				err = resource.GetError(resource.AsErrorResult(err))
 			} else if updateResponse.Error != nil {
+				if attempt < MaxUpdateAttempts && updateResponse.Error.Code == http.StatusConflict {
+					continue // try the read again
+				}
 				err = resource.GetError(updateResponse.Error)
 			}
 
@@ -647,6 +658,8 @@ func (s *Storage) GuaranteedUpdate(
 				return err
 			}
 		}
+		return nil
+	}
 
 	return nil
 }

pkg/storage/unified/resource/errors.go

@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@ import (
 
 // Package-level errors.
 var (
-	ErrOptimisticLockingFailed = errors.New("optimistic locking failed")
 	ErrNotImplementedYet = errors.New("not implemented yet")
 )
 
@@ -31,6 +30,12 @@ var (
 			Code:    http.StatusConflict,
 		},
 	}
+
+	ErrOptimisticLockingFailed = resourcepb.ErrorResult{
+		Code:    http.StatusConflict,
+		Reason:  "optimistic locking failed",
+		Message: "requested RV does not match saved RV",
+	}
 )
 
 func NewBadRequestError(msg string) *resourcepb.ErrorResult {

pkg/storage/unified/resource/server.go

@@ -731,8 +731,12 @@ func (s *server) update(ctx context.Context, user claims.AuthInfo, req *resource
 		return rsp, nil
 	}
 
+	// TODO: once we know the client is always sending the RV, require ResourceVersion > 0
+	// See: https://github.com/grafana/grafana/pull/111866
 	if req.ResourceVersion > 0 && latest.ResourceVersion != req.ResourceVersion {
-		return nil, ErrOptimisticLockingFailed
+		return &resourcepb.UpdateResponse{
+			Error: &ErrOptimisticLockingFailed,
+		}, nil
 	}
 
 	event, e := s.newEvent(ctx, user, req.Key, req.Value, latest.Value)
@@ -796,7 +800,7 @@ func (s *server) delete(ctx context.Context, user claims.AuthInfo, req *resource
 		return rsp, nil
 	}
 	if req.ResourceVersion > 0 && latest.ResourceVersion != req.ResourceVersion {
-		rsp.Error = AsErrorResult(ErrOptimisticLockingFailed)
+		rsp.Error = &ErrOptimisticLockingFailed
 		return rsp, nil
 	}
 

pkg/storage/unified/resource/server_test.go

@@ -477,11 +477,12 @@ func TestSimpleServer(t *testing.T) {
 			ResourceVersion: created.ResourceVersion})
 		require.NoError(t, err)
 
-		_, err = server.Update(ctx, &resourcepb.UpdateRequest{
+		rsp, _ := server.Update(ctx, &resourcepb.UpdateRequest{
 			Key:             key,
 			Value:           raw,
 			ResourceVersion: created.ResourceVersion})
-		require.ErrorIs(t, err, ErrOptimisticLockingFailed)
+		require.Equal(t, rsp.Error.Code, ErrOptimisticLockingFailed.Code)
+		require.Equal(t, rsp.Error.Message, ErrOptimisticLockingFailed.Message)
 	})
 }
 

pkg/storage/unified/search/testdata/doc/dashboard-aaa-out.json

@@ -26,7 +26,6 @@
   "createdBy": "user:be2g71ke8yoe8b",
   "fields": {
     "ds_types": [
-      "datasource",
       "my-custom-plugin"
     ],
     "errors_last_1_days": 1,
@@ -47,12 +46,6 @@
       "kind": "DataSource",
       "name": "DSUID"
     },
-    {
-      "relation": "depends-on",
-      "group": "datasource",
-      "kind": "DataSource",
-      "name": "grafana"
-    },
     {
       "relation": "depends-on",
       "group": "dashboards.grafana.app",

pkg/storage/unified/sql/backend.go

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ import (
 	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/trace/noop"
 	"google.golang.org/protobuf/proto"
 	apierrors "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/api/errors"
+	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/runtime/schema"
 
 	"github.com/grafana/grafana/pkg/util/sqlite"
 
@@ -405,15 +406,18 @@ func (b *backend) update(ctx context.Context, event resource.WriteEvent) (int64,
 	// Use rvManager.ExecWithRV instead of direct transaction
 	rv, err := b.rvManager.ExecWithRV(ctx, event.Key, func(tx db.Tx) (string, error) {
 		// 1. Update resource
-		_, err := dbutil.Exec(ctx, tx, sqlResourceUpdate, sqlResourceRequest{
+		res, err := dbutil.Exec(ctx, tx, sqlResourceUpdate, sqlResourceRequest{
 			SQLTemplate: sqltemplate.New(b.dialect),
-			WriteEvent:  event,
+			WriteEvent:  event, // includes the RV
 			Folder:      folder,
 			GUID:        event.GUID,
 		})
 		if err != nil {
 			return event.GUID, fmt.Errorf("resource update: %w", err)
 		}
+		if err = b.checkConflict(res, event.Key, event.PreviousRV); err != nil {
+			return event.GUID, err
+		}
 
 		// 2. Insert into resource history
 		if _, err := dbutil.Exec(ctx, tx, sqlResourceHistoryInsert, sqlResourceRequest{
@@ -460,7 +464,7 @@ func (b *backend) delete(ctx context.Context, event resource.WriteEvent) (int64,
 	}
 	rv, err := b.rvManager.ExecWithRV(ctx, event.Key, func(tx db.Tx) (string, error) {
 		// 1. delete from resource
-		_, err := dbutil.Exec(ctx, tx, sqlResourceDelete, sqlResourceRequest{
+		res, err := dbutil.Exec(ctx, tx, sqlResourceDelete, sqlResourceRequest{
 			SQLTemplate: sqltemplate.New(b.dialect),
 			WriteEvent:  event,
 			GUID:        event.GUID,
@@ -468,6 +472,9 @@ func (b *backend) delete(ctx context.Context, event resource.WriteEvent) (int64,
 		if err != nil {
 			return event.GUID, fmt.Errorf("delete resource: %w", err)
 		}
+		if err = b.checkConflict(res, event.Key, event.PreviousRV); err != nil {
+			return event.GUID, err
+		}
 
 		// 2. Add event to resource history
 		if _, err := dbutil.Exec(ctx, tx, sqlResourceHistoryInsert, sqlResourceRequest{
@@ -504,6 +511,28 @@ func (b *backend) delete(ctx context.Context, event resource.WriteEvent) (int64,
 	return rv, nil
 }
 
+func (b *backend) checkConflict(res db.Result, key *resourcepb.ResourceKey, rv int64) error {
+	if rv == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	// The RV is part of the update request, and it may no longer be the most recent
+	rows, err := res.RowsAffected()
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("unable to verify RV: %w", err)
+	}
+	if rows == 1 {
+		return nil // expected one result
+	}
+	if rows > 0 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("multiple rows effected (%d)", rows)
+	}
+	return apierrors.NewConflict(schema.GroupResource{
+		Group:    key.Group,
+		Resource: key.Resource,
+	}, key.Name, fmt.Errorf("resource version does not match current value"))
+}
+
 func (b *backend) ReadResource(ctx context.Context, req *resourcepb.ReadRequest) *resource.BackendReadResponse {
 	_, span := b.tracer.Start(ctx, tracePrefix+".Read")
 	defer span.End()

pkg/storage/unified/sql/backend_test.go

@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@ import (
 	"testing"
 
 	"github.com/DATA-DOG/go-sqlmock"
-
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
 	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/apis/meta/v1/unstructured"
 

pkg/storage/unified/sql/data/resource_delete.sql

@@ -5,5 +5,6 @@ DELETE FROM {{ .Ident "resource" }}
     AND {{ .Ident "resource" }}  = {{ .Arg .WriteEvent.Key.Resource }}
     {{ if .WriteEvent.Key.Name }}
     AND {{ .Ident "name" }}      = {{ .Arg .WriteEvent.Key.Name }}
+    AND {{ .Ident "resource_version" }} = {{ .Arg .WriteEvent.PreviousRV }}
     {{ end }}
 ;

pkg/storage/unified/sql/data/resource_update.sql

@@ -10,4 +10,5 @@ UPDATE {{ .Ident "resource" }}
         AND {{ .Ident "resource" }}  = {{ .Arg .WriteEvent.Key.Resource }}
         AND {{ .Ident "namespace" }} = {{ .Arg .WriteEvent.Key.Namespace }}
         AND {{ .Ident "name" }}      = {{ .Arg .WriteEvent.Key.Name }}
+        AND {{ .Ident "resource_version" }} = {{ .Arg .WriteEvent.PreviousRV }}
 ;

pkg/storage/unified/sql/list_iterator_test.go

@@ -88,13 +88,22 @@ func TestIntegrationListIter(t *testing.T) {
 						Name:      item.name,
 					},
 					Value: item.value,
-					PreviousRV: 0,
 				},
 			})
 			if err != nil {
 				return fmt.Errorf("failed to insert test data: %w", err)
 			}
-			_, err = dbutil.Exec(ctx, tx, sqlResourceUpdate, sqlResourceRequest{
+
+			if _, err = dbutil.Exec(ctx, tx, sqlResourceUpdateRV, sqlResourceUpdateRVRequest{
+				SQLTemplate: sqltemplate.New(dialect),
+				GUIDToRV: map[string]int64{
+					item.guid: item.resourceVersion,
+				},
+			}); err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("failed to insert test data: %w", err)
+			}
+
+			if _, err = dbutil.Exec(ctx, tx, sqlResourceUpdate, sqlResourceRequest{
 				SQLTemplate:     sqltemplate.New(dialect),
 				GUID:            item.guid,
 				ResourceVersion: item.resourceVersion,
@@ -110,8 +119,7 @@ func TestIntegrationListIter(t *testing.T) {
 					PreviousRV: item.resourceVersion,
 					Type:       1,
 				},
-			})
-			if err != nil {
+			}); err != nil {
 				return fmt.Errorf("failed to insert resource version: %w", err)
 			}
 		}

pkg/storage/unified/sql/queries_test.go

@@ -31,6 +31,21 @@ func TestUnifiedStorageQueries(t *testing.T) {
 						},
 					},
 				},
+				{
+					Name: "with rv",
+					Data: &sqlResourceRequest{
+						SQLTemplate: mocks.NewTestingSQLTemplate(),
+						WriteEvent: resource.WriteEvent{
+							Key: &resourcepb.ResourceKey{
+								Namespace: "nn",
+								Group:     "gg",
+								Resource:  "rr",
+								Name:      "name",
+							},
+							PreviousRV: 1234,
+						},
+					},
+				},
 			},
 			sqlResourceInsert: {
 				{
@@ -63,6 +78,7 @@ func TestUnifiedStorageQueries(t *testing.T) {
 								Resource:  "rr",
 								Name:      "name",
 							},
+							PreviousRV: 1759304090100678,
 						},
 						Folder: "fldr",
 					},

pkg/storage/unified/sql/rv_manager.go

@@ -263,7 +263,7 @@ func (m *resourceVersionManager) execBatch(ctx context.Context, group, resource
 					attribute.Int("operation_index", i),
 					attribute.String("error", err.Error()),
 				))
-				return fmt.Errorf("failed to execute function: %w", err)
+				return err
 			}
 			guids[i] = guid
 		}

pkg/storage/unified/sql/service.go

@@ -6,10 +6,12 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"hash/fnv"
 	"net"
+	"net/http"
 	"os"
 	"strconv"
 	"time"
 
+	"github.com/gorilla/mux"
 	"github.com/prometheus/client_golang/prometheus"
 	"github.com/prometheus/client_golang/prometheus/promauto"
 	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel"
@@ -94,6 +96,7 @@ func ProvideUnifiedStorageGrpcService(
 	indexMetrics *resource.BleveIndexMetrics,
 	searchRing *ring.Ring,
 	memberlistKVConfig kv.Config,
+	httpServerRouter *mux.Router,
 ) (UnifiedStorageGrpcService, error) {
 	var err error
 	tracer := otel.Tracer("unified-storage")
@@ -159,6 +162,10 @@ func ProvideUnifiedStorageGrpcService(
 
 		s.ringLifecycler.SetKeepInstanceInTheRingOnShutdown(true)
 		subservices = append(subservices, s.ringLifecycler)
+
+		if httpServerRouter != nil {
+			httpServerRouter.Path("/prepare-downscale").Methods("GET", "POST", "DELETE").Handler(http.HandlerFunc(s.PrepareDownscale))
+		}
 	}
 
 	if cfg.QOSEnabled {
@@ -194,6 +201,21 @@ func ProvideUnifiedStorageGrpcService(
 	return s, nil
 }
 
+func (s *service) PrepareDownscale(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+	switch r.Method {
+	case http.MethodPost:
+		s.log.Info("Preparing for downscale. Will not keep instance in ring on shutdown.")
+		s.ringLifecycler.SetKeepInstanceInTheRingOnShutdown(false)
+	case http.MethodDelete:
+		s.log.Info("Downscale canceled. Will keep instance in ring on shutdown.")
+		s.ringLifecycler.SetKeepInstanceInTheRingOnShutdown(true)
+	case http.MethodGet:
+		// used for delayed downscale use case, which we don't support. Leaving here for completion sake
+		s.log.Info("Received GET request for prepare-downscale. Behavior not implemented.")
+	default:
+	}
+}
+
 var (
 	// operation used by the search-servers to check if they own the namespace
 	searchOwnerRead = ring.NewOp([]ring.InstanceState{ring.JOINING, ring.ACTIVE, ring.LEAVING}, nil)

pkg/storage/unified/sql/test/integration_test.go

@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ func TestClientServer(t *testing.T) {
 
 	features := featuremgmt.WithFeatures()
 
-	svc, err := sql.ProvideUnifiedStorageGrpcService(cfg, features, dbstore, nil, prometheus.NewPedanticRegistry(), nil, nil, nil, nil, kv.Config{})
+	svc, err := sql.ProvideUnifiedStorageGrpcService(cfg, features, dbstore, nil, prometheus.NewPedanticRegistry(), nil, nil, nil, nil, kv.Config{}, nil)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	var client resourcepb.ResourceStoreClient
 

pkg/storage/unified/sql/testdata/mysql--resource_delete-simple.sql

@@ -4,4 +4,5 @@ DELETE FROM `resource`
     AND `group`     = 'gg'
     AND `resource`  = 'rr'
     AND `name`      = 'name'
+    AND `resource_version` = 0
 ;

pkg/storage/unified/sql/testdata/mysql--resource_delete-with rv.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+DELETE FROM `resource`
+  WHERE 1 = 1
+    AND `namespace` = 'nn'
+    AND `group`     = 'gg'
+    AND `resource`  = 'rr'
+    AND `name`      = 'name'
+    AND `resource_version` = 1234
+;

pkg/storage/unified/sql/testdata/mysql--resource_update-single path.sql

@@ -10,4 +10,5 @@ UPDATE `resource`
         AND `resource`  = 'rr'
         AND `namespace` = 'nn'
         AND `name`      = 'name'
+        AND `resource_version` = 1759304090100678
 ;

pkg/storage/unified/sql/testdata/postgres--resource_delete-simple.sql

@@ -4,4 +4,5 @@ DELETE FROM "resource"
     AND "group"     = 'gg'
     AND "resource"  = 'rr'
     AND "name"      = 'name'
+    AND "resource_version" = 0
 ;

pkg/storage/unified/sql/testdata/postgres--resource_delete-with rv.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+DELETE FROM "resource"
+  WHERE 1 = 1
+    AND "namespace" = 'nn'
+    AND "group"     = 'gg'
+    AND "resource"  = 'rr'
+    AND "name"      = 'name'
+    AND "resource_version" = 1234
+;

pkg/storage/unified/sql/testdata/postgres--resource_update-single path.sql

@@ -10,4 +10,5 @@ UPDATE "resource"
         AND "resource"  = 'rr'
         AND "namespace" = 'nn'
         AND "name"      = 'name'
+        AND "resource_version" = 1759304090100678
 ;

pkg/storage/unified/sql/testdata/sqlite--resource_delete-simple.sql

@@ -4,4 +4,5 @@ DELETE FROM "resource"
     AND "group"     = 'gg'
     AND "resource"  = 'rr'
     AND "name"      = 'name'
+    AND "resource_version" = 0
 ;

pkg/storage/unified/sql/testdata/sqlite--resource_delete-with rv.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+DELETE FROM "resource"
+  WHERE 1 = 1
+    AND "namespace" = 'nn'
+    AND "group"     = 'gg'
+    AND "resource"  = 'rr'
+    AND "name"      = 'name'
+    AND "resource_version" = 1234
+;

pkg/storage/unified/sql/testdata/sqlite--resource_update-single path.sql

@@ -10,4 +10,5 @@ UPDATE "resource"
         AND "resource"  = 'rr'
         AND "namespace" = 'nn'
         AND "name"      = 'name'
+        AND "resource_version" = 1759304090100678
 ;

pkg/storage/unified/testing/storage_backend.go

@@ -124,13 +124,13 @@ func runTestIntegrationBackendHappyPath(t *testing.T, backend resource.StorageBa
 	})
 
 	t.Run("Update item2", func(t *testing.T) {
-		rv4, err = writeEvent(ctx, backend, "item2", resourcepb.WatchEvent_MODIFIED, WithNamespace(ns))
+		rv4, err = writeEvent(ctx, backend, "item2", resourcepb.WatchEvent_MODIFIED, WithNamespaceAndRV(ns, rv2))
 		require.NoError(t, err)
 		require.Greater(t, rv4, rv3)
 	})
 
 	t.Run("Delete item1", func(t *testing.T) {
-		rv5, err = writeEvent(ctx, backend, "item1", resourcepb.WatchEvent_DELETED, WithNamespace(ns))
+		rv5, err = writeEvent(ctx, backend, "item1", resourcepb.WatchEvent_DELETED, WithNamespaceAndRV(ns, rv1))
 		require.NoError(t, err)
 		require.Greater(t, rv5, rv4)
 	})
@@ -352,10 +352,10 @@ func runTestIntegrationBackendList(t *testing.T, backend resource.StorageBackend
 	rv5, err := writeEvent(ctx, backend, "item5", resourcepb.WatchEvent_ADDED, WithNamespace(ns))
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	require.Greater(t, rv5, rv4)
-	rv6, err := writeEvent(ctx, backend, "item2", resourcepb.WatchEvent_MODIFIED, WithNamespace(ns))
+	rv6, err := writeEvent(ctx, backend, "item2", resourcepb.WatchEvent_MODIFIED, WithNamespaceAndRV(ns, rv2))
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	require.Greater(t, rv6, rv5)
-	rv7, err := writeEvent(ctx, backend, "item3", resourcepb.WatchEvent_DELETED, WithNamespace(ns))
+	rv7, err := writeEvent(ctx, backend, "item3", resourcepb.WatchEvent_DELETED, WithNamespaceAndRV(ns, rv3))
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	require.Greater(t, rv7, rv6)
 	rv8, err := writeEvent(ctx, backend, "item6", resourcepb.WatchEvent_ADDED, WithNamespace(ns))
@@ -490,10 +490,10 @@ func runTestIntegrationBackendListModifiedSince(t *testing.T, backend resource.S
 	ns := nsPrefix + "-history-ns"
 	rvCreated, _ := writeEvent(ctx, backend, "item1", resourcepb.WatchEvent_ADDED, WithNamespace(ns))
 	require.Greater(t, rvCreated, int64(0))
-	rvUpdated, err := writeEvent(ctx, backend, "item1", resourcepb.WatchEvent_MODIFIED, WithNamespace(ns))
+	rvUpdated, err := writeEvent(ctx, backend, "item1", resourcepb.WatchEvent_MODIFIED, WithNamespaceAndRV(ns, rvCreated))
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	require.Greater(t, rvUpdated, rvCreated)
-	rvDeleted, err := writeEvent(ctx, backend, "item1", resourcepb.WatchEvent_DELETED, WithNamespace(ns))
+	rvDeleted, err := writeEvent(ctx, backend, "item1", resourcepb.WatchEvent_DELETED, WithNamespaceAndRV(ns, rvUpdated))
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	require.Greater(t, rvDeleted, rvUpdated)
 
@@ -610,19 +610,19 @@ func runTestIntegrationBackendListHistory(t *testing.T, backend resource.Storage
 	require.Greater(t, rv1, int64(0))
 
 	// add 5 events for item1 - should be saved to history
-	rvHistory1, err := writeEvent(ctx, backend, "item1", resourcepb.WatchEvent_MODIFIED, WithNamespace(ns))
+	rvHistory1, err := writeEvent(ctx, backend, "item1", resourcepb.WatchEvent_MODIFIED, WithNamespaceAndRV(ns, rv1))
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	require.Greater(t, rvHistory1, rv1)
-	rvHistory2, err := writeEvent(ctx, backend, "item1", resourcepb.WatchEvent_MODIFIED, WithNamespace(ns))
+	rvHistory2, err := writeEvent(ctx, backend, "item1", resourcepb.WatchEvent_MODIFIED, WithNamespaceAndRV(ns, rvHistory1))
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	require.Greater(t, rvHistory2, rvHistory1)
-	rvHistory3, err := writeEvent(ctx, backend, "item1", resourcepb.WatchEvent_MODIFIED, WithNamespace(ns))
+	rvHistory3, err := writeEvent(ctx, backend, "item1", resourcepb.WatchEvent_MODIFIED, WithNamespaceAndRV(ns, rvHistory2))
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	require.Greater(t, rvHistory3, rvHistory2)
-	rvHistory4, err := writeEvent(ctx, backend, "item1", resourcepb.WatchEvent_MODIFIED, WithNamespace(ns))
+	rvHistory4, err := writeEvent(ctx, backend, "item1", resourcepb.WatchEvent_MODIFIED, WithNamespaceAndRV(ns, rvHistory3))
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	require.Greater(t, rvHistory4, rvHistory3)
-	rvHistory5, err := writeEvent(ctx, backend, "item1", resourcepb.WatchEvent_MODIFIED, WithNamespace(ns))
+	rvHistory5, err := writeEvent(ctx, backend, "item1", resourcepb.WatchEvent_MODIFIED, WithNamespaceAndRV(ns, rvHistory4))
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	require.Greater(t, rvHistory5, rvHistory4)
 
@@ -804,8 +804,9 @@ func runTestIntegrationBackendListHistory(t *testing.T, backend resource.Storage
 		resourceVersions = append(resourceVersions, initialRV)
 
 		// Create 9 more versions with modifications
+		rv := initialRV
 		for i := 0; i < 9; i++ {
-			rv, err := writeEvent(ctx, backend, "paged-item", resourcepb.WatchEvent_MODIFIED, WithNamespace(ns2))
+			rv, err = writeEvent(ctx, backend, "paged-item", resourcepb.WatchEvent_MODIFIED, WithNamespaceAndRV(ns2, rv))
 			require.NoError(t, err)
 			resourceVersions = append(resourceVersions, rv)
 		}
@@ -907,7 +908,7 @@ func runTestIntegrationBackendListHistory(t *testing.T, backend resource.Storage
 		// Create a resource and delete it
 		rv, err := writeEvent(ctx, backend, "deleted-item", resourcepb.WatchEvent_ADDED, WithNamespace(ns))
 		require.NoError(t, err)
-		rvDeleted, err := writeEvent(ctx, backend, "deleted-item", resourcepb.WatchEvent_DELETED, WithNamespace(ns))
+		rvDeleted, err := writeEvent(ctx, backend, "deleted-item", resourcepb.WatchEvent_DELETED, WithNamespaceAndRV(ns, rv))
 		require.NoError(t, err)
 		require.Greater(t, rvDeleted, rv)
 
@@ -932,7 +933,7 @@ func runTestIntegrationBackendListHistory(t *testing.T, backend resource.Storage
 		// Create a resource and delete it
 		rv, err := writeEvent(ctx, backend, "deleted-item", resourcepb.WatchEvent_ADDED, WithNamespace(ns))
 		require.NoError(t, err)
-		rvDeleted, err := writeEvent(ctx, backend, "deleted-item", resourcepb.WatchEvent_DELETED, WithNamespace(ns))
+		rvDeleted, err := writeEvent(ctx, backend, "deleted-item", resourcepb.WatchEvent_DELETED, WithNamespaceAndRV(ns, rv))
 		require.NoError(t, err)
 		require.Greater(t, rvDeleted, rv)
 
@@ -940,7 +941,7 @@ func runTestIntegrationBackendListHistory(t *testing.T, backend resource.Storage
 		rv1, err := writeEvent(ctx, backend, "deleted-item", resourcepb.WatchEvent_ADDED, WithNamespace(ns))
 		require.NoError(t, err)
 		require.Greater(t, rv1, rvDeleted)
-		rv2, err := writeEvent(ctx, backend, "deleted-item", resourcepb.WatchEvent_MODIFIED, WithNamespace(ns))
+		rv2, err := writeEvent(ctx, backend, "deleted-item", resourcepb.WatchEvent_MODIFIED, WithNamespaceAndRV(ns, rv1))
 		require.NoError(t, err)
 		require.Greater(t, rv2, rv1)
 
@@ -983,8 +984,8 @@ func runTestIntegrationBackendListHistoryErrorReporting(t *testing.T, backend re
 
 	const events = 500
 	prevRv := origRv
-	for i := 0; i < events; i++ {
-		rv, err := writeEvent(ctx, backend, name, resourcepb.WatchEvent_MODIFIED, WithNamespace(ns), WithGroup(group), WithResource(resourceName))
+	for range events {
+		rv, err := writeEvent(ctx, backend, name, resourcepb.WatchEvent_MODIFIED, WithNamespaceAndRV(ns, prevRv), WithGroup(group), WithResource(resourceName))
 		require.NoError(t, err)
 		require.Greater(t, rv, prevRv)
 		prevRv = rv
@@ -1131,6 +1132,14 @@ func runTestIntegrationBackendCreateNewResource(t *testing.T, backend resource.S
 // WriteEventOption is a function that modifies WriteEventOptions
 type WriteEventOption func(*WriteEventOptions)
 
+// WithNamespace sets the namespace for the write event
+func WithNamespaceAndRV(namespace string, rv int64) WriteEventOption {
+	return func(o *WriteEventOptions) {
+		o.Namespace = namespace
+		o.PreviousRV = rv
+	}
+}
+
 // WithNamespace sets the namespace for the write event
 func WithNamespace(namespace string) WriteEventOption {
 	return func(o *WriteEventOptions) {
@@ -1185,6 +1194,7 @@ type WriteEventOptions struct {
 	Resource   string
 	Folder     string
 	Value      []byte
+	PreviousRV int64
 }
 
 func writeEvent(ctx context.Context, store resource.StorageBackend, name string, action resourcepb.WatchEvent_Type, opts ...WriteEventOption) (int64, error) {
@@ -1236,6 +1246,7 @@ func writeEvent(ctx context.Context, store resource.StorageBackend, name string,
 			Resource:  options.Resource,
 			Name:      name,
 		},
+		PreviousRV: options.PreviousRV,
 	}
 	switch action {
 	case resourcepb.WatchEvent_DELETED:
@@ -1285,18 +1296,15 @@ func runTestIntegrationBackendTrash(t *testing.T, backend resource.StorageBacken
 	rv1, err := writeEvent(ctx, backend, "item1", resourcepb.WatchEvent_ADDED, WithNamespace(ns))
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	require.Greater(t, rv1, int64(0))
-	rvDelete1, err := writeEvent(ctx, backend, "item1", resourcepb.WatchEvent_DELETED, WithNamespace(ns))
+	rvDelete1, err := writeEvent(ctx, backend, "item1", resourcepb.WatchEvent_DELETED, WithNamespaceAndRV(ns, rv1))
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	require.Greater(t, rvDelete1, rv1)
-	rvDelete2, err := writeEvent(ctx, backend, "item1", resourcepb.WatchEvent_DELETED, WithNamespace(ns))
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	require.Greater(t, rvDelete2, rvDelete1)
 
 	// item2 deleted and recreated, should not be returned in trash
 	rv2, err := writeEvent(ctx, backend, "item2", resourcepb.WatchEvent_ADDED, WithNamespace(ns))
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	require.Greater(t, rv2, int64(0))
-	rvDelete3, err := writeEvent(ctx, backend, "item2", resourcepb.WatchEvent_DELETED, WithNamespace(ns))
+	rvDelete3, err := writeEvent(ctx, backend, "item2", resourcepb.WatchEvent_DELETED, WithNamespaceAndRV(ns, rv2))
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	require.Greater(t, rvDelete3, rv2)
 	rv3, err := writeEvent(ctx, backend, "item2", resourcepb.WatchEvent_ADDED, WithNamespace(ns))
@@ -1325,10 +1333,10 @@ func runTestIntegrationBackendTrash(t *testing.T, backend resource.StorageBacken
 					},
 				},
 			},
-			expectedVersions:   []int64{rvDelete2},
+			expectedVersions:   []int64{rvDelete1},
 			expectedValues:     []string{"item1 DELETED"},
-			minExpectedHeadRV:  rvDelete2,
-			expectedContinueRV: rvDelete2,
+			minExpectedHeadRV:  rvDelete1,
+			expectedContinueRV: rvDelete1,
 			expectedSortAsc:    false,
 		},
 		{

pkg/tests/api/plugins/data/expectedListResp.json

@@ -209,7 +209,7 @@
           "path": "public/plugins/grafana-azure-monitor-datasource/img/azure_monitor_cpu.png"
         }
       ],
-      "version": "12.2.0-pre",
+      "version": "12.3.0-pre",
       "updated": "",
       "keywords": [
         "azure",
@@ -880,7 +880,7 @@
       },
       "build": {},
       "screenshots": null,
-      "version": "12.2.0-pre",
+      "version": "12.3.0-pre",
       "updated": "",
       "keywords": null
     },
@@ -934,7 +934,7 @@
       },
       "build": {},
       "screenshots": null,
-      "version": "12.2.0-pre",
+      "version": "12.3.0-pre",
       "updated": "",
       "keywords": [
         "grafana",
@@ -1000,7 +1000,7 @@
       },
       "build": {},
       "screenshots": null,
-      "version": "12.2.0-pre",
+      "version": "12.3.0-pre",
       "updated": "",
       "keywords": null
     },
@@ -1217,7 +1217,7 @@
       },
       "build": {},
       "screenshots": null,
-      "version": "12.2.0-pre",
+      "version": "12.3.0-pre",
       "updated": "",
       "keywords": null
     },
@@ -1325,7 +1325,7 @@
       },
       "build": {},
       "screenshots": null,
-      "version": "12.2.0-pre",
+      "version": "12.3.0-pre",
       "updated": "",
       "keywords": null
     },
@@ -1375,7 +1375,7 @@
       },
       "build": {},
       "screenshots": null,
-      "version": "12.2.0-pre",
+      "version": "12.3.0-pre",
       "updated": "",
       "keywords": null
     },
@@ -1425,7 +1425,7 @@
       },
       "build": {},
       "screenshots": null,
-      "version": "12.2.0-pre",
+      "version": "12.3.0-pre",
       "updated": "",
       "keywords": null
     },
@@ -1629,7 +1629,7 @@
       },
       "build": {},
       "screenshots": null,
-      "version": "12.2.0-pre",
+      "version": "12.3.0-pre",
       "updated": "",
       "keywords": [
         "grafana",
@@ -1734,12 +1734,12 @@
       },
       "build": {},
       "screenshots": null,
-      "version": "12.2.0-pre",
+      "version": "12.3.0-pre",
       "updated": "",
       "keywords": null
     },
     "dependencies": {
-      "grafanaDependency": "",
+      "grafanaDependency": "\u003e=11.6.0",
       "grafanaVersion": "*",
       "plugins": [],
       "extensions": {
@@ -2042,7 +2042,7 @@
       },
       "build": {},
       "screenshots": null,
-      "version": "12.2.0-pre",
+      "version": "12.3.0-pre",
       "updated": "",
       "keywords": null
     },
@@ -2092,7 +2092,7 @@
       },
       "build": {},
       "screenshots": null,
-      "version": "12.2.0-pre",
+      "version": "12.3.0-pre",
       "updated": "",
       "keywords": null
     },
@@ -2445,7 +2445,7 @@
       },
       "build": {},
       "screenshots": null,
-      "version": "12.2.0-pre",
+      "version": "12.3.0-pre",
       "updated": "",
       "keywords": null
     },

pkg/tests/testinfra/testinfra.go

@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ func StartGrafanaEnv(t *testing.T, grafDir, cfgPath string) (string, *server.Tes
 	var storage sql.UnifiedStorageGrpcService
 	if runstore {
 		storage, err = sql.ProvideUnifiedStorageGrpcService(env.Cfg, env.FeatureToggles, env.SQLStore,
-			env.Cfg.Logger, prometheus.NewPedanticRegistry(), nil, nil, nil, nil, kv.Config{})
+			env.Cfg.Logger, prometheus.NewPedanticRegistry(), nil, nil, nil, nil, kv.Config{}, nil)
 		require.NoError(t, err)
 		ctx := context.Background()
 		err = storage.StartAsync(ctx)

pkg/tsdb/grafana-postgresql-datasource/pgx/handler_checkhealth.go

@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+package pgx
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"net"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/grafana/grafana-plugin-sdk-go/backend"
+	"github.com/grafana/grafana-plugin-sdk-go/backend/log"
+	"github.com/grafana/grafana/pkg/tsdb/grafana-postgresql-datasource/sqleng"
+)
+
+func (e *DataSourceHandler) CheckHealth(ctx context.Context, req *backend.CheckHealthRequest) (*backend.CheckHealthResult, error) {
+	err := e.Ping(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		logCheckHealthError(ctx, e.dsInfo, err)
+		if strings.EqualFold(req.PluginContext.User.Role, "Admin") {
+			return ErrToHealthCheckResult(err)
+		}
+		errResponse := &backend.CheckHealthResult{
+			Status:  backend.HealthStatusError,
+			Message: e.TransformQueryError(e.log, err).Error(),
+		}
+		return errResponse, nil
+	}
+	return &backend.CheckHealthResult{Status: backend.HealthStatusOk, Message: "Database Connection OK"}, nil
+}
+
+// ErrToHealthCheckResult converts error into user friendly health check message
+// This should be called with non nil error. If the err parameter is empty, we will send Internal Server Error
+func ErrToHealthCheckResult(err error) (*backend.CheckHealthResult, error) {
+	if err == nil {
+		return &backend.CheckHealthResult{Status: backend.HealthStatusError, Message: "Internal Server Error"}, nil
+	}
+	res := &backend.CheckHealthResult{Status: backend.HealthStatusError, Message: err.Error()}
+	details := map[string]string{
+		"verboseMessage":   err.Error(),
+		"errorDetailsLink": "https://grafana.com/docs/grafana/latest/datasources/postgres",
+	}
+	var opErr *net.OpError
+	if errors.As(err, &opErr) {
+		res.Message = "Network error: Failed to connect to the server"
+		if opErr != nil && opErr.Err != nil {
+			errMessage := opErr.Err.Error()
+			if strings.HasSuffix(opErr.Err.Error(), "no such host") {
+				errMessage = "no such host"
+			}
+			if strings.HasSuffix(opErr.Err.Error(), "unknown port") {
+				errMessage = "unknown port"
+			}
+			if strings.HasSuffix(opErr.Err.Error(), "invalid port") {
+				errMessage = "invalid port"
+			}
+			if strings.HasSuffix(opErr.Err.Error(), "missing port in address") {
+				errMessage = "missing port in address"
+			}
+			if strings.HasSuffix(opErr.Err.Error(), "invalid syntax") {
+				errMessage = "invalid syntax found in the address"
+			}
+			res.Message += fmt.Sprintf(". Error message: %s", errMessage)
+		}
+	}
+
+	if errors.Is(err, sqleng.ErrParsingPostgresURL) {
+		res.Message = fmt.Sprintf("Connection string error: %s", sqleng.ErrParsingPostgresURL.Error())
+		if unwrappedErr := errors.Unwrap(err); unwrappedErr != nil {
+			details["verboseMessage"] = unwrappedErr.Error()
+		}
+	}
+	detailBytes, marshalErr := json.Marshal(details)
+	if marshalErr != nil {
+		return res, nil
+	}
+	res.JSONDetails = detailBytes
+	return res, nil
+}
+
+func logCheckHealthError(ctx context.Context, dsInfo sqleng.DataSourceInfo, err error) {
+	logger := log.DefaultLogger.FromContext(ctx)
+	configSummary := map[string]any{
+		"config_url_length":                 len(dsInfo.URL),
+		"config_user_length":                len(dsInfo.User),
+		"config_database_length":            len(dsInfo.Database),
+		"config_json_data_database_length":  len(dsInfo.JsonData.Database),
+		"config_max_open_conns":             dsInfo.JsonData.MaxOpenConns,
+		"config_max_idle_conns":             dsInfo.JsonData.MaxIdleConns,
+		"config_conn_max_life_time":         dsInfo.JsonData.ConnMaxLifetime,
+		"config_conn_timeout":               dsInfo.JsonData.ConnectionTimeout,
+		"config_timescaledb":                dsInfo.JsonData.Timescaledb,
+		"config_ssl_mode":                   dsInfo.JsonData.Mode,
+		"config_tls_configuration_method":   dsInfo.JsonData.ConfigurationMethod,
+		"config_tls_skip_verify":            dsInfo.JsonData.TlsSkipVerify,
+		"config_timezone":                   dsInfo.JsonData.Timezone,
+		"config_time_interval":              dsInfo.JsonData.TimeInterval,
+		"config_enable_secure_proxy":        dsInfo.JsonData.SecureDSProxy,
+		"config_allow_clear_text_passwords": dsInfo.JsonData.AllowCleartextPasswords,
+		"config_authentication_type":        dsInfo.JsonData.AuthenticationType,
+		"config_ssl_root_cert_file_length":  len(dsInfo.JsonData.RootCertFile),
+		"config_ssl_cert_file_length":       len(dsInfo.JsonData.CertFile),
+		"config_ssl_key_file_length":        len(dsInfo.JsonData.CertKeyFile),
+		"config_encrypt_length":             len(dsInfo.JsonData.Encrypt),
+		"config_server_name_length":         len(dsInfo.JsonData.Servername),
+		"config_password_length":            len(dsInfo.DecryptedSecureJSONData["password"]),
+		"config_tls_ca_cert_length":         len(dsInfo.DecryptedSecureJSONData["tlsCACert"]),
+		"config_tls_client_cert_length":     len(dsInfo.DecryptedSecureJSONData["tlsClientCert"]),
+		"config_tls_client_key_length":      len(dsInfo.DecryptedSecureJSONData["tlsClientKey"]),
+	}
+	configSummaryJSON, marshalError := json.Marshal(configSummary)
+	if marshalError != nil {
+		logger.Error("Check health failed", "error", err, "message_type", "ds_config_health_check_error")
+		return
+	}
+	logger.Error("Check health failed", "error", err, "message_type", "ds_config_health_check_error_detailed", "details", string(configSummaryJSON))
+}

pkg/tsdb/grafana-postgresql-datasource/pgx/handler_checkhealth_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+package pgx
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"net"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/grafana/grafana-plugin-sdk-go/backend"
+	"github.com/grafana/grafana/pkg/tsdb/grafana-postgresql-datasource/sqleng"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+)
+
+func TestErrToHealthCheckResult(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name string
+		err  error
+		want *backend.CheckHealthResult
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "without error",
+			want: &backend.CheckHealthResult{Status: backend.HealthStatusError, Message: "Internal Server Error"},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "network error",
+			err:  errors.Join(errors.New("foo"), &net.OpError{Op: "read", Net: "tcp", Err: errors.New("some op")}),
+			want: &backend.CheckHealthResult{
+				Status:      backend.HealthStatusError,
+				Message:     "Network error: Failed to connect to the server. Error message: some op",
+				JSONDetails: []byte(`{"errorDetailsLink":"https://grafana.com/docs/grafana/latest/datasources/postgres","verboseMessage":"foo\nread tcp: some op"}`),
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "regular error",
+			err:  errors.New("internal server error"),
+			want: &backend.CheckHealthResult{
+				Status:      backend.HealthStatusError,
+				Message:     "internal server error",
+				JSONDetails: []byte(`{"errorDetailsLink":"https://grafana.com/docs/grafana/latest/datasources/postgres","verboseMessage":"internal server error"}`),
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "invalid port specifier error",
+			err:  fmt.Errorf("%w %q: %w", sqleng.ErrParsingPostgresURL, `"foo.bar.co"`, errors.New(`strconv.Atoi: parsing "foo.bar.co": invalid syntax`)),
+			want: &backend.CheckHealthResult{
+				Status:      backend.HealthStatusError,
+				Message:     "Connection string error: error parsing postgres url",
+				JSONDetails: []byte(`{"errorDetailsLink":"https://grafana.com/docs/grafana/latest/datasources/postgres","verboseMessage":"error parsing postgres url \"\\\"foo.bar.co\\\"\": strconv.Atoi: parsing \"foo.bar.co\": invalid syntax"}`),
+			},
+		},
+	}
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			got, err := ErrToHealthCheckResult(tt.err)
+			require.Nil(t, err)
+			assert.Equal(t, string(tt.want.JSONDetails), string(got.JSONDetails))
+			require.Equal(t, tt.want, got)
+		})
+	}
+}

pkg/tsdb/grafana-postgresql-datasource/pgx/sql_engine.go

@@ -1,25 +1,109 @@
-package sqleng
+package pgx
 
 import (
 	"context"
 	"encoding/json"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
+	"net"
 	"runtime/debug"
+	"strconv"
 	"strings"
 	"sync"
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/grafana/grafana-plugin-sdk-go/backend"
+	"github.com/grafana/grafana-plugin-sdk-go/backend/gtime"
 	"github.com/grafana/grafana-plugin-sdk-go/backend/log"
 	"github.com/grafana/grafana-plugin-sdk-go/data"
 	"github.com/grafana/grafana-plugin-sdk-go/data/sqlutil"
+	"github.com/grafana/grafana/pkg/tsdb/grafana-postgresql-datasource/sqleng"
 	"github.com/jackc/pgx/v5/pgconn"
 	"github.com/jackc/pgx/v5/pgtype"
 	"github.com/jackc/pgx/v5/pgxpool"
 )
 
-func NewQueryDataHandlerPGX(userFacingDefaultError string, p *pgxpool.Pool, config DataPluginConfiguration, queryResultTransformer SqlQueryResultTransformer,
+// MetaKeyExecutedQueryString is the key where the executed query should get stored
+const MetaKeyExecutedQueryString = "executedQueryString"
+
+// SQLMacroEngine interpolates macros into sql. It takes in the Query to have access to query context and
+// timeRange to be able to generate queries that use from and to.
+type SQLMacroEngine interface {
+	Interpolate(query *backend.DataQuery, timeRange backend.TimeRange, sql string) (string, error)
+}
+
+// SqlQueryResultTransformer transforms a query result row to RowValues with proper types.
+type SqlQueryResultTransformer interface {
+	// TransformQueryError transforms a query error.
+	TransformQueryError(logger log.Logger, err error) error
+	GetConverterList() []sqlutil.StringConverter
+}
+
+type JsonData struct {
+	MaxOpenConns            int    `json:"maxOpenConns"`
+	MaxIdleConns            int    `json:"maxIdleConns"`
+	ConnMaxLifetime         int    `json:"connMaxLifetime"`
+	ConnectionTimeout       int    `json:"connectionTimeout"`
+	Timescaledb             bool   `json:"timescaledb"`
+	Mode                    string `json:"sslmode"`
+	ConfigurationMethod     string `json:"tlsConfigurationMethod"`
+	TlsSkipVerify           bool   `json:"tlsSkipVerify"`
+	RootCertFile            string `json:"sslRootCertFile"`
+	CertFile                string `json:"sslCertFile"`
+	CertKeyFile             string `json:"sslKeyFile"`
+	Timezone                string `json:"timezone"`
+	Encrypt                 string `json:"encrypt"`
+	Servername              string `json:"servername"`
+	TimeInterval            string `json:"timeInterval"`
+	Database                string `json:"database"`
+	SecureDSProxy           bool   `json:"enableSecureSocksProxy"`
+	SecureDSProxyUsername   string `json:"secureSocksProxyUsername"`
+	AllowCleartextPasswords bool   `json:"allowCleartextPasswords"`
+	AuthenticationType      string `json:"authenticationType"`
+}
+
+type DataPluginConfiguration struct {
+	DSInfo            sqleng.DataSourceInfo
+	TimeColumnNames   []string
+	MetricColumnTypes []string
+	RowLimit          int64
+}
+
+type DataSourceHandler struct {
+	macroEngine            SQLMacroEngine
+	queryResultTransformer SqlQueryResultTransformer
+	timeColumnNames        []string
+	metricColumnTypes      []string
+	log                    log.Logger
+	dsInfo                 sqleng.DataSourceInfo
+	rowLimit               int64
+	userError              string
+	pool                   *pgxpool.Pool
+}
+
+type QueryJson struct {
+	RawSql       string  `json:"rawSql"`
+	Fill         bool    `json:"fill"`
+	FillInterval float64 `json:"fillInterval"`
+	FillMode     string  `json:"fillMode"`
+	FillValue    float64 `json:"fillValue"`
+	Format       string  `json:"format"`
+}
+
+func (e *DataSourceHandler) TransformQueryError(logger log.Logger, err error) error {
+	// OpError is the error type usually returned by functions in the net
+	// package. It describes the operation, network type, and address of
+	// an error. We log this error rather than return it to the client
+	// for security purposes.
+	var opErr *net.OpError
+	if errors.As(err, &opErr) {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to connect to server - %s", e.userError)
+	}
+
+	return e.queryResultTransformer.TransformQueryError(logger, err)
+}
+
+func NewQueryDataHandler(userFacingDefaultError string, p *pgxpool.Pool, config DataPluginConfiguration, queryResultTransformer SqlQueryResultTransformer,
 	macroEngine SQLMacroEngine, log log.Logger) (*DataSourceHandler, error) {
 	queryDataHandler := DataSourceHandler{
 		queryResultTransformer: queryResultTransformer,
@@ -43,7 +127,12 @@ func NewQueryDataHandlerPGX(userFacingDefaultError string, p *pgxpool.Pool, conf
 	return &queryDataHandler, nil
 }
 
-func (e *DataSourceHandler) DisposePGX() {
+type DBDataResponse struct {
+	dataResponse backend.DataResponse
+	refID        string
+}
+
+func (e *DataSourceHandler) Dispose() {
 	e.log.Debug("Disposing DB...")
 
 	if e.pool != nil {
@@ -53,11 +142,11 @@ func (e *DataSourceHandler) DisposePGX() {
 	e.log.Debug("DB disposed")
 }
 
-func (e *DataSourceHandler) PingPGX(ctx context.Context) error {
+func (e *DataSourceHandler) Ping(ctx context.Context) error {
 	return e.pool.Ping(ctx)
 }
 
-func (e *DataSourceHandler) QueryDataPGX(ctx context.Context, req *backend.QueryDataRequest) (*backend.QueryDataResponse, error) {
+func (e *DataSourceHandler) QueryData(ctx context.Context, req *backend.QueryDataRequest) (*backend.QueryDataResponse, error) {
 	result := backend.NewQueryDataResponse()
 	ch := make(chan DBDataResponse, len(req.Queries))
 	var wg sync.WaitGroup
@@ -83,7 +172,7 @@ func (e *DataSourceHandler) QueryDataPGX(ctx context.Context, req *backend.Query
 		}
 
 		wg.Add(1)
-		go e.executeQueryPGX(ctx, query, &wg, ch, queryjson)
+		go e.executeQuery(ctx, query, &wg, ch, queryjson)
 	}
 
 	wg.Wait()
@@ -101,7 +190,7 @@ func (e *DataSourceHandler) QueryDataPGX(ctx context.Context, req *backend.Query
 func (e *DataSourceHandler) handleQueryError(frameErr string, err error, query string, source backend.ErrorSource, ch chan DBDataResponse, queryResult DBDataResponse) {
 	var emptyFrame data.Frame
 	emptyFrame.SetMeta(&data.FrameMeta{ExecutedQueryString: query})
-	if backend.IsDownstreamError(err) {
+	if isDownstreamError(err) {
 		source = backend.ErrorSourceDownstream
 	}
 	queryResult.dataResponse.Error = fmt.Errorf("%s: %w", frameErr, err)
@@ -127,6 +216,18 @@ func (e *DataSourceHandler) handlePanic(logger log.Logger, queryResult *DBDataRe
 	}
 }
 
+// Interpolate provides global macros/substitutions for all sql datasources.
+var Interpolate = func(query backend.DataQuery, timeRange backend.TimeRange, timeInterval string, sql string) string {
+	interval := query.Interval
+
+	sql = strings.ReplaceAll(sql, "$__interval_ms", strconv.FormatInt(interval.Milliseconds(), 10))
+	sql = strings.ReplaceAll(sql, "$__interval", gtime.FormatInterval(interval))
+	sql = strings.ReplaceAll(sql, "$__unixEpochFrom()", fmt.Sprintf("%d", timeRange.From.UTC().Unix()))
+	sql = strings.ReplaceAll(sql, "$__unixEpochTo()", fmt.Sprintf("%d", timeRange.To.UTC().Unix()))
+
+	return sql
+}
+
 func (e *DataSourceHandler) execQuery(ctx context.Context, query string) ([]*pgconn.Result, error) {
 	c, err := e.pool.Acquire(ctx)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -140,7 +241,7 @@ func (e *DataSourceHandler) execQuery(ctx context.Context, query string) ([]*pgc
 	return mrr.ReadAll()
 }
 
-func (e *DataSourceHandler) executeQueryPGX(queryContext context.Context, query backend.DataQuery, wg *sync.WaitGroup,
+func (e *DataSourceHandler) executeQuery(queryContext context.Context, query backend.DataQuery, wg *sync.WaitGroup,
 	ch chan DBDataResponse, queryJSON QueryJson) {
 	defer wg.Done()
 	queryResult := DBDataResponse{
@@ -171,7 +272,7 @@ func (e *DataSourceHandler) executeQueryPGX(queryContext context.Context, query
 		return
 	}
 
-	qm, err := e.newProcessCfgPGX(queryContext, query, results, interpolatedQuery)
+	qm, err := e.newProcessCfg(queryContext, query, results, interpolatedQuery)
 	if err != nil {
 		e.handleQueryError("failed to get configurations", err, interpolatedQuery, backend.ErrorSourceDownstream, ch, queryResult)
 		return
@@ -186,6 +287,47 @@ func (e *DataSourceHandler) executeQueryPGX(queryContext context.Context, query
 	e.processFrame(frame, qm, queryResult, ch, logger)
 }
 
+// dataQueryFormat is the type of query.
+type dataQueryFormat string
+
+const (
+	// dataQueryFormatTable identifies a table query (default).
+	dataQueryFormatTable dataQueryFormat = "table"
+	// dataQueryFormatSeries identifies a time series query.
+	dataQueryFormatSeries dataQueryFormat = "time_series"
+)
+
+type dataQueryModel struct {
+	InterpolatedQuery string // property not set until after Interpolate()
+	Format            dataQueryFormat
+	TimeRange         backend.TimeRange
+	FillMissing       *data.FillMissing // property not set until after Interpolate()
+	Interval          time.Duration
+	columnNames       []string
+	columnTypes       []string
+	timeIndex         int
+	timeEndIndex      int
+	metricIndex       int
+	metricPrefix      bool
+	queryContext      context.Context
+}
+
+func convertSQLTimeColumnsToEpochMS(frame *data.Frame, qm *dataQueryModel) error {
+	if qm.timeIndex != -1 {
+		if err := convertSQLTimeColumnToEpochMS(frame, qm.timeIndex); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("%v: %w", "failed to convert time column", err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	if qm.timeEndIndex != -1 {
+		if err := convertSQLTimeColumnToEpochMS(frame, qm.timeEndIndex); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("%v: %w", "failed to convert timeend column", err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
 func (e *DataSourceHandler) processFrame(frame *data.Frame, qm *dataQueryModel, queryResult DBDataResponse, ch chan DBDataResponse, logger log.Logger) {
 	if frame.Meta == nil {
 		frame.Meta = &data.FrameMeta{}
@@ -281,10 +423,10 @@ func (e *DataSourceHandler) processFrame(frame *data.Frame, qm *dataQueryModel,
 	ch <- queryResult
 }
 
-func (e *DataSourceHandler) newProcessCfgPGX(queryContext context.Context, query backend.DataQuery,
+func (e *DataSourceHandler) newProcessCfg(queryContext context.Context, query backend.DataQuery,
 	results []*pgconn.Result, interpolatedQuery string) (*dataQueryModel, error) {
 	columnNames := []string{}
-	columnTypesPGX := []string{}
+	columnTypes := []string{}
 
 	// The results will contain column information in the metadata
 	for _, result := range results {
@@ -296,20 +438,20 @@ func (e *DataSourceHandler) newProcessCfgPGX(queryContext context.Context, query
 				// Handle special cases for field types
 				switch field.DataTypeOID {
 				case pgtype.TimetzOID:
-					columnTypesPGX = append(columnTypesPGX, "timetz")
+					columnTypes = append(columnTypes, "timetz")
 				case 790:
-					columnTypesPGX = append(columnTypesPGX, "money")
+					columnTypes = append(columnTypes, "money")
 				default:
-					columnTypesPGX = append(columnTypesPGX, "unknown")
+					columnTypes = append(columnTypes, "unknown")
 				}
 			} else {
-				columnTypesPGX = append(columnTypesPGX, pqtype.Name)
+				columnTypes = append(columnTypes, pqtype.Name)
 			}
 		}
 	}
 
 	qm := &dataQueryModel{
-		columnTypesPGX: columnTypesPGX,
+		columnTypes:  columnTypes,
 		columnNames:  columnNames,
 		timeIndex:    -1,
 		timeEndIndex: -1,
@@ -370,7 +512,7 @@ func (e *DataSourceHandler) newProcessCfgPGX(queryContext context.Context, query
 			qm.metricIndex = i
 		default:
 			if qm.metricIndex == -1 {
-				columnType := qm.columnTypesPGX[i]
+				columnType := qm.columnTypes[i]
 				for _, mct := range e.metricColumnTypes {
 					if columnType == mct {
 						qm.metricIndex = i
@@ -596,3 +738,99 @@ func getFieldTypesFromDescriptions(fieldDescriptions []pgconn.FieldDescription,
 	}
 	return fieldTypes, nil
 }
+
+// convertSQLTimeColumnToEpochMS converts column named time to unix timestamp in milliseconds
+// to make native datetime types and epoch dates work in annotation and table queries.
+func convertSQLTimeColumnToEpochMS(frame *data.Frame, timeIndex int) error {
+	if timeIndex < 0 || timeIndex >= len(frame.Fields) {
+		return fmt.Errorf("timeIndex %d is out of range", timeIndex)
+	}
+
+	origin := frame.Fields[timeIndex]
+	valueType := origin.Type()
+	if valueType == data.FieldTypeTime || valueType == data.FieldTypeNullableTime {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	newField := data.NewFieldFromFieldType(data.FieldTypeNullableTime, 0)
+	newField.Name = origin.Name
+	newField.Labels = origin.Labels
+
+	valueLength := origin.Len()
+	for i := 0; i < valueLength; i++ {
+		v, err := origin.NullableFloatAt(i)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("unable to convert data to a time field")
+		}
+		if v == nil {
+			newField.Append(nil)
+		} else {
+			timestamp := time.Unix(0, int64(epochPrecisionToMS(*v))*int64(time.Millisecond))
+			newField.Append(&timestamp)
+		}
+	}
+	frame.Fields[timeIndex] = newField
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// convertSQLValueColumnToFloat converts timeseries value column to float.
+func convertSQLValueColumnToFloat(frame *data.Frame, Index int) (*data.Frame, error) {
+	if Index < 0 || Index >= len(frame.Fields) {
+		return frame, fmt.Errorf("metricIndex %d is out of range", Index)
+	}
+
+	origin := frame.Fields[Index]
+	valueType := origin.Type()
+	if valueType == data.FieldTypeFloat64 || valueType == data.FieldTypeNullableFloat64 {
+		return frame, nil
+	}
+
+	newField := data.NewFieldFromFieldType(data.FieldTypeNullableFloat64, origin.Len())
+	newField.Name = origin.Name
+	newField.Labels = origin.Labels
+
+	for i := 0; i < origin.Len(); i++ {
+		v, err := origin.NullableFloatAt(i)
+		if err != nil {
+			return frame, err
+		}
+		newField.Set(i, v)
+	}
+
+	frame.Fields[Index] = newField
+
+	return frame, nil
+}
+
+// epochPrecisionToMS converts epoch precision to millisecond, if needed.
+// Only seconds to milliseconds supported right now
+func epochPrecisionToMS(value float64) float64 {
+	s := strconv.FormatFloat(value, 'e', -1, 64)
+	if strings.HasSuffix(s, "e+09") {
+		return value * float64(1e3)
+	}
+
+	if strings.HasSuffix(s, "e+18") {
+		return value / float64(time.Millisecond)
+	}
+
+	return value
+}
+
+func isDownstreamError(err error) bool {
+	if backend.IsDownstreamError(err) {
+		return true
+	}
+	resultProcessingDownstreamErrors := []error{
+		data.ErrorInputFieldsWithoutRows,
+		data.ErrorSeriesUnsorted,
+		data.ErrorNullTimeValues,
+	}
+	for _, e := range resultProcessingDownstreamErrors {
+		if errors.Is(err, e) {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}

pkg/tsdb/grafana-postgresql-datasource/pgx/sql_engine_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,681 @@
+package pgx
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"net"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/grafana/grafana-plugin-sdk-go/backend"
+	"github.com/grafana/grafana-plugin-sdk-go/data"
+	"github.com/grafana/grafana-plugin-sdk-go/data/sqlutil"
+	"github.com/jackc/pgx/v5/pgconn"
+	"github.com/jackc/pgx/v5/pgtype"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+
+	"github.com/grafana/grafana-plugin-sdk-go/backend/log"
+)
+
+func Pointer[T any](v T) *T { return &v }
+
+func TestSQLEngine(t *testing.T) {
+	dt := time.Date(2018, 3, 14, 21, 20, 6, int(527345*time.Microsecond), time.UTC)
+
+	t.Run("Handle interpolating $__interval and $__interval_ms", func(t *testing.T) {
+		from := time.Date(2018, 4, 12, 18, 0, 0, 0, time.UTC)
+		to := from.Add(5 * time.Minute)
+		timeRange := backend.TimeRange{From: from, To: to}
+
+		text := "$__interval $__timeGroupAlias(time,$__interval) $__interval_ms"
+
+		t.Run("interpolate 10 minutes $__interval", func(t *testing.T) {
+			query := backend.DataQuery{JSON: []byte("{}"), MaxDataPoints: 1500, Interval: time.Minute * 10}
+			sql := Interpolate(query, timeRange, "", text)
+			require.Equal(t, "10m $__timeGroupAlias(time,10m) 600000", sql)
+		})
+
+		t.Run("interpolate 4seconds $__interval", func(t *testing.T) {
+			query := backend.DataQuery{JSON: []byte("{}"), MaxDataPoints: 1500, Interval: time.Second * 4}
+			sql := Interpolate(query, timeRange, "", text)
+			require.Equal(t, "4s $__timeGroupAlias(time,4s) 4000", sql)
+		})
+
+		t.Run("interpolate 200 milliseconds $__interval", func(t *testing.T) {
+			query := backend.DataQuery{JSON: []byte("{}"), MaxDataPoints: 1500, Interval: time.Millisecond * 200}
+			sql := Interpolate(query, timeRange, "", text)
+			require.Equal(t, "200ms $__timeGroupAlias(time,200ms) 200", sql)
+		})
+	})
+
+	t.Run("Given a time range between 2018-04-12 00:00 and 2018-04-12 00:05", func(t *testing.T) {
+		from := time.Date(2018, 4, 12, 18, 0, 0, 0, time.UTC)
+		to := from.Add(5 * time.Minute)
+		timeRange := backend.TimeRange{From: from, To: to}
+		query := backend.DataQuery{JSON: []byte("{}"), MaxDataPoints: 1500, Interval: time.Second * 60}
+
+		t.Run("interpolate __unixEpochFrom function", func(t *testing.T) {
+			sql := Interpolate(query, timeRange, "", "select $__unixEpochFrom()")
+			require.Equal(t, fmt.Sprintf("select %d", from.Unix()), sql)
+		})
+
+		t.Run("interpolate __unixEpochTo function", func(t *testing.T) {
+			sql := Interpolate(query, timeRange, "", "select $__unixEpochTo()")
+			require.Equal(t, fmt.Sprintf("select %d", to.Unix()), sql)
+		})
+	})
+
+	t.Run("Given row values with int64 as time columns", func(t *testing.T) {
+		tSeconds := dt.Unix()
+		tMilliseconds := dt.UnixNano() / 1e6
+		tNanoSeconds := dt.UnixNano()
+		var nilPointer *int64
+
+		originFrame := data.NewFrame("",
+			data.NewField("time1", nil, []int64{
+				tSeconds,
+			}),
+			data.NewField("time2", nil, []*int64{
+				Pointer(tSeconds),
+			}),
+			data.NewField("time3", nil, []int64{
+				tMilliseconds,
+			}),
+			data.NewField("time4", nil, []*int64{
+				Pointer(tMilliseconds),
+			}),
+			data.NewField("time5", nil, []int64{
+				tNanoSeconds,
+			}),
+			data.NewField("time6", nil, []*int64{
+				Pointer(tNanoSeconds),
+			}),
+			data.NewField("time7", nil, []*int64{
+				nilPointer,
+			}),
+		)
+
+		for i := 0; i < len(originFrame.Fields); i++ {
+			err := convertSQLTimeColumnToEpochMS(originFrame, i)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+		}
+
+		require.Equal(t, dt.Unix(), (*originFrame.Fields[0].At(0).(*time.Time)).Unix())
+		require.Equal(t, dt.Unix(), (*originFrame.Fields[1].At(0).(*time.Time)).Unix())
+		require.Equal(t, dt.Unix(), (*originFrame.Fields[2].At(0).(*time.Time)).Unix())
+		require.Equal(t, dt.Unix(), (*originFrame.Fields[3].At(0).(*time.Time)).Unix())
+		require.Equal(t, dt.Unix(), (*originFrame.Fields[4].At(0).(*time.Time)).Unix())
+		require.Equal(t, dt.Unix(), (*originFrame.Fields[5].At(0).(*time.Time)).Unix())
+		require.Nil(t, originFrame.Fields[6].At(0))
+	})
+
+	t.Run("Given row values with uint64 as time columns", func(t *testing.T) {
+		tSeconds := uint64(dt.Unix())
+		tMilliseconds := uint64(dt.UnixNano() / 1e6)
+		tNanoSeconds := uint64(dt.UnixNano())
+		var nilPointer *uint64
+
+		originFrame := data.NewFrame("",
+			data.NewField("time1", nil, []uint64{
+				tSeconds,
+			}),
+			data.NewField("time2", nil, []*uint64{
+				Pointer(tSeconds),
+			}),
+			data.NewField("time3", nil, []uint64{
+				tMilliseconds,
+			}),
+			data.NewField("time4", nil, []*uint64{
+				Pointer(tMilliseconds),
+			}),
+			data.NewField("time5", nil, []uint64{
+				tNanoSeconds,
+			}),
+			data.NewField("time6", nil, []*uint64{
+				Pointer(tNanoSeconds),
+			}),
+			data.NewField("time7", nil, []*uint64{
+				nilPointer,
+			}),
+		)
+
+		for i := 0; i < len(originFrame.Fields); i++ {
+			err := convertSQLTimeColumnToEpochMS(originFrame, i)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+		}
+
+		require.Equal(t, dt.Unix(), (*originFrame.Fields[0].At(0).(*time.Time)).Unix())
+		require.Equal(t, dt.Unix(), (*originFrame.Fields[1].At(0).(*time.Time)).Unix())
+		require.Equal(t, dt.Unix(), (*originFrame.Fields[2].At(0).(*time.Time)).Unix())
+		require.Equal(t, dt.Unix(), (*originFrame.Fields[3].At(0).(*time.Time)).Unix())
+		require.Equal(t, dt.Unix(), (*originFrame.Fields[4].At(0).(*time.Time)).Unix())
+		require.Equal(t, dt.Unix(), (*originFrame.Fields[5].At(0).(*time.Time)).Unix())
+		require.Nil(t, originFrame.Fields[6].At(0))
+	})
+
+	t.Run("Given row values with int32 as time columns", func(t *testing.T) {
+		tSeconds := int32(dt.Unix())
+		var nilInt *int32
+
+		originFrame := data.NewFrame("",
+			data.NewField("time1", nil, []int32{
+				tSeconds,
+			}),
+			data.NewField("time2", nil, []*int32{
+				Pointer(tSeconds),
+			}),
+			data.NewField("time7", nil, []*int32{
+				nilInt,
+			}),
+		)
+		for i := 0; i < 3; i++ {
+			err := convertSQLTimeColumnToEpochMS(originFrame, i)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+		}
+
+		require.Equal(t, dt.Unix(), (*originFrame.Fields[0].At(0).(*time.Time)).Unix())
+		require.Equal(t, dt.Unix(), (*originFrame.Fields[1].At(0).(*time.Time)).Unix())
+		require.Nil(t, originFrame.Fields[2].At(0))
+	})
+
+	t.Run("Given row values with uint32 as time columns", func(t *testing.T) {
+		tSeconds := uint32(dt.Unix())
+		var nilInt *uint32
+
+		originFrame := data.NewFrame("",
+			data.NewField("time1", nil, []uint32{
+				tSeconds,
+			}),
+			data.NewField("time2", nil, []*uint32{
+				Pointer(tSeconds),
+			}),
+			data.NewField("time7", nil, []*uint32{
+				nilInt,
+			}),
+		)
+		for i := 0; i < len(originFrame.Fields); i++ {
+			err := convertSQLTimeColumnToEpochMS(originFrame, i)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+		}
+		require.Equal(t, dt.Unix(), (*originFrame.Fields[0].At(0).(*time.Time)).Unix())
+		require.Equal(t, dt.Unix(), (*originFrame.Fields[1].At(0).(*time.Time)).Unix())
+		require.Nil(t, originFrame.Fields[2].At(0))
+	})
+
+	t.Run("Given row values with float64 as time columns", func(t *testing.T) {
+		tSeconds := float64(dt.UnixNano()) / float64(time.Second)
+		tMilliseconds := float64(dt.UnixNano()) / float64(time.Millisecond)
+		tNanoSeconds := float64(dt.UnixNano())
+		var nilPointer *float64
+
+		originFrame := data.NewFrame("",
+			data.NewField("time1", nil, []float64{
+				tSeconds,
+			}),
+			data.NewField("time2", nil, []*float64{
+				Pointer(tSeconds),
+			}),
+			data.NewField("time3", nil, []float64{
+				tMilliseconds,
+			}),
+			data.NewField("time4", nil, []*float64{
+				Pointer(tMilliseconds),
+			}),
+			data.NewField("time5", nil, []float64{
+				tNanoSeconds,
+			}),
+			data.NewField("time6", nil, []*float64{
+				Pointer(tNanoSeconds),
+			}),
+			data.NewField("time7", nil, []*float64{
+				nilPointer,
+			}),
+		)
+
+		for i := 0; i < len(originFrame.Fields); i++ {
+			err := convertSQLTimeColumnToEpochMS(originFrame, i)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+		}
+
+		require.Equal(t, dt.Unix(), (*originFrame.Fields[0].At(0).(*time.Time)).Unix())
+		require.Equal(t, dt.Unix(), (*originFrame.Fields[1].At(0).(*time.Time)).Unix())
+		require.Equal(t, dt.Unix(), (*originFrame.Fields[2].At(0).(*time.Time)).Unix())
+		require.Equal(t, dt.Unix(), (*originFrame.Fields[3].At(0).(*time.Time)).Unix())
+		require.Equal(t, dt.Unix(), (*originFrame.Fields[4].At(0).(*time.Time)).Unix())
+		require.Equal(t, dt.Unix(), (*originFrame.Fields[5].At(0).(*time.Time)).Unix())
+		require.Nil(t, originFrame.Fields[6].At(0))
+	})
+
+	t.Run("Given row values with float32 as time columns", func(t *testing.T) {
+		tSeconds := float32(dt.Unix())
+		var nilInt *float32
+
+		originFrame := data.NewFrame("",
+			data.NewField("time1", nil, []float32{
+				tSeconds,
+			}),
+			data.NewField("time2", nil, []*float32{
+				Pointer(tSeconds),
+			}),
+			data.NewField("time7", nil, []*float32{
+				nilInt,
+			}),
+		)
+		for i := 0; i < len(originFrame.Fields); i++ {
+			err := convertSQLTimeColumnToEpochMS(originFrame, i)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+		}
+		require.Equal(t, int64(tSeconds), (*originFrame.Fields[0].At(0).(*time.Time)).Unix())
+		require.Equal(t, int64(tSeconds), (*originFrame.Fields[1].At(0).(*time.Time)).Unix())
+		require.Nil(t, originFrame.Fields[2].At(0))
+	})
+
+	t.Run("Given row with value columns, would be converted to float64", func(t *testing.T) {
+		originFrame := data.NewFrame("",
+			data.NewField("value1", nil, []int64{
+				int64(1),
+			}),
+			data.NewField("value2", nil, []*int64{
+				Pointer(int64(1)),
+			}),
+			data.NewField("value3", nil, []int32{
+				int32(1),
+			}),
+			data.NewField("value4", nil, []*int32{
+				Pointer(int32(1)),
+			}),
+			data.NewField("value5", nil, []int16{
+				int16(1),
+			}),
+			data.NewField("value6", nil, []*int16{
+				Pointer(int16(1)),
+			}),
+			data.NewField("value7", nil, []int8{
+				int8(1),
+			}),
+			data.NewField("value8", nil, []*int8{
+				Pointer(int8(1)),
+			}),
+			data.NewField("value9", nil, []float64{
+				float64(1),
+			}),
+			data.NewField("value10", nil, []*float64{
+				Pointer(1.0),
+			}),
+			data.NewField("value11", nil, []float32{
+				float32(1),
+			}),
+			data.NewField("value12", nil, []*float32{
+				Pointer(float32(1)),
+			}),
+			data.NewField("value13", nil, []uint64{
+				uint64(1),
+			}),
+			data.NewField("value14", nil, []*uint64{
+				Pointer(uint64(1)),
+			}),
+			data.NewField("value15", nil, []uint32{
+				uint32(1),
+			}),
+			data.NewField("value16", nil, []*uint32{
+				Pointer(uint32(1)),
+			}),
+			data.NewField("value17", nil, []uint16{
+				uint16(1),
+			}),
+			data.NewField("value18", nil, []*uint16{
+				Pointer(uint16(1)),
+			}),
+			data.NewField("value19", nil, []uint8{
+				uint8(1),
+			}),
+			data.NewField("value20", nil, []*uint8{
+				Pointer(uint8(1)),
+			}),
+		)
+		for i := 0; i < len(originFrame.Fields); i++ {
+			_, err := convertSQLValueColumnToFloat(originFrame, i)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+			if i == 8 {
+				require.Equal(t, float64(1), originFrame.Fields[i].At(0).(float64))
+			} else {
+				require.NotNil(t, originFrame.Fields[i].At(0).(*float64))
+				require.Equal(t, float64(1), *originFrame.Fields[i].At(0).(*float64))
+			}
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("Given row with nil value columns", func(t *testing.T) {
+		var int64NilPointer *int64
+		var int32NilPointer *int32
+		var int16NilPointer *int16
+		var int8NilPointer *int8
+		var float64NilPointer *float64
+		var float32NilPointer *float32
+		var uint64NilPointer *uint64
+		var uint32NilPointer *uint32
+		var uint16NilPointer *uint16
+		var uint8NilPointer *uint8
+
+		originFrame := data.NewFrame("",
+			data.NewField("value1", nil, []*int64{
+				int64NilPointer,
+			}),
+			data.NewField("value2", nil, []*int32{
+				int32NilPointer,
+			}),
+			data.NewField("value3", nil, []*int16{
+				int16NilPointer,
+			}),
+			data.NewField("value4", nil, []*int8{
+				int8NilPointer,
+			}),
+			data.NewField("value5", nil, []*float64{
+				float64NilPointer,
+			}),
+			data.NewField("value6", nil, []*float32{
+				float32NilPointer,
+			}),
+			data.NewField("value7", nil, []*uint64{
+				uint64NilPointer,
+			}),
+			data.NewField("value8", nil, []*uint32{
+				uint32NilPointer,
+			}),
+			data.NewField("value9", nil, []*uint16{
+				uint16NilPointer,
+			}),
+			data.NewField("value10", nil, []*uint8{
+				uint8NilPointer,
+			}),
+		)
+		for i := 0; i < len(originFrame.Fields); i++ {
+			t.Run("", func(t *testing.T) {
+				_, err := convertSQLValueColumnToFloat(originFrame, i)
+				require.NoError(t, err)
+				require.Nil(t, originFrame.Fields[i].At(0))
+			})
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("Should not return raw connection errors", func(t *testing.T) {
+		err := net.OpError{Op: "Dial", Err: fmt.Errorf("inner-error")}
+		transformer := &testQueryResultTransformer{}
+		dp := DataSourceHandler{
+			log:                    backend.NewLoggerWith("logger", "test"),
+			queryResultTransformer: transformer,
+		}
+		resultErr := dp.TransformQueryError(dp.log, &err)
+		assert.False(t, transformer.transformQueryErrorWasCalled)
+		errorText := resultErr.Error()
+		assert.NotEqual(t, err, resultErr)
+		assert.NotContains(t, errorText, "inner-error")
+		assert.Contains(t, errorText, "failed to connect to server")
+	})
+
+	t.Run("Should return non-connection errors unmodified", func(t *testing.T) {
+		err := fmt.Errorf("normal error")
+		transformer := &testQueryResultTransformer{}
+		dp := DataSourceHandler{
+			log:                    backend.NewLoggerWith("logger", "test"),
+			queryResultTransformer: transformer,
+		}
+		resultErr := dp.TransformQueryError(dp.log, err)
+		assert.True(t, transformer.transformQueryErrorWasCalled)
+		assert.Equal(t, err, resultErr)
+		assert.ErrorIs(t, err, resultErr)
+	})
+}
+
+func TestConvertResultsToFrame(t *testing.T) {
+	// Import the pgx packages needed for testing
+	// These imports are included in the main file but need to be accessible for tests
+	t.Run("convertResultsToFrame with single result", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// Create mock field descriptions
+		fieldDescs := []pgconn.FieldDescription{
+			{Name: "id", DataTypeOID: pgtype.Int4OID},
+			{Name: "name", DataTypeOID: pgtype.TextOID},
+			{Name: "value", DataTypeOID: pgtype.Float8OID},
+		}
+
+		// Create mock result data
+		mockRows := [][][]byte{
+			{[]byte("1"), []byte("test1"), []byte("10.5")},
+			{[]byte("2"), []byte("test2"), []byte("20.7")},
+		}
+
+		// Create mock result
+		result := &pgconn.Result{
+			FieldDescriptions: fieldDescs,
+			Rows:              mockRows,
+		}
+		result.CommandTag = pgconn.NewCommandTag("SELECT 2")
+
+		results := []*pgconn.Result{result}
+
+		frame, err := convertResultsToFrame(results, 1000)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		require.NotNil(t, frame)
+		require.Equal(t, 3, len(frame.Fields))
+		require.Equal(t, 2, frame.Rows())
+
+		// Verify field names
+		require.Equal(t, "id", frame.Fields[0].Name)
+		require.Equal(t, "name", frame.Fields[1].Name)
+		require.Equal(t, "value", frame.Fields[2].Name)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("convertResultsToFrame with multiple compatible results", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// Create mock field descriptions (same structure for both results)
+		fieldDescs := []pgconn.FieldDescription{
+			{Name: "id", DataTypeOID: pgtype.Int4OID},
+			{Name: "name", DataTypeOID: pgtype.TextOID},
+		}
+
+		// Create first result
+		mockRows1 := [][][]byte{
+			{[]byte("1"), []byte("test1")},
+			{[]byte("2"), []byte("test2")},
+		}
+		result1 := &pgconn.Result{
+			FieldDescriptions: fieldDescs,
+			Rows:              mockRows1,
+		}
+		result1.CommandTag = pgconn.NewCommandTag("SELECT 2")
+
+		// Create second result with same structure
+		mockRows2 := [][][]byte{
+			{[]byte("3"), []byte("test3")},
+			{[]byte("4"), []byte("test4")},
+		}
+		result2 := &pgconn.Result{
+			FieldDescriptions: fieldDescs,
+			Rows:              mockRows2,
+		}
+		result2.CommandTag = pgconn.NewCommandTag("SELECT 2")
+
+		results := []*pgconn.Result{result1, result2}
+
+		frame, err := convertResultsToFrame(results, 1000)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		require.NotNil(t, frame)
+		require.Equal(t, 2, len(frame.Fields))
+		require.Equal(t, 4, frame.Rows()) // Should have rows from both results
+
+		// Verify field names
+		require.Equal(t, "id", frame.Fields[0].Name)
+		require.Equal(t, "name", frame.Fields[1].Name)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("convertResultsToFrame with row limit", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// Create mock field descriptions
+		fieldDescs := []pgconn.FieldDescription{
+			{Name: "id", DataTypeOID: pgtype.Int4OID},
+		}
+
+		// Create mock result data with 3 rows
+		mockRows := [][][]byte{
+			{[]byte("1")},
+			{[]byte("2")},
+			{[]byte("3")},
+		}
+
+		result := &pgconn.Result{
+			FieldDescriptions: fieldDescs,
+			Rows:              mockRows,
+		}
+		result.CommandTag = pgconn.NewCommandTag("SELECT 3")
+
+		results := []*pgconn.Result{result}
+
+		// Set row limit to 2
+		frame, err := convertResultsToFrame(results, 2)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		require.NotNil(t, frame)
+		require.Equal(t, 1, len(frame.Fields))
+		require.Equal(t, 2, frame.Rows()) // Should be limited to 2 rows
+
+		// Should have a notice about the limit
+		require.NotNil(t, frame.Meta)
+		require.Len(t, frame.Meta.Notices, 1)
+		require.Contains(t, frame.Meta.Notices[0].Text, "Results have been limited to 2")
+	})
+
+	t.Run("convertResultsToFrame with mixed SELECT and non-SELECT results", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// Create a non-SELECT result (should be skipped)
+		nonSelectResult := &pgconn.Result{}
+		nonSelectResult.CommandTag = pgconn.NewCommandTag("UPDATE 1")
+
+		// Create a SELECT result
+		fieldDescs := []pgconn.FieldDescription{
+			{Name: "id", DataTypeOID: pgtype.Int4OID},
+		}
+		mockRows := [][][]byte{
+			{[]byte("1")},
+		}
+		selectResult := &pgconn.Result{
+			FieldDescriptions: fieldDescs,
+			Rows:              mockRows,
+		}
+		selectResult.CommandTag = pgconn.NewCommandTag("SELECT 1")
+
+		results := []*pgconn.Result{nonSelectResult, selectResult}
+
+		frame, err := convertResultsToFrame(results, 1000)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		require.NotNil(t, frame)
+		require.Equal(t, 1, len(frame.Fields))
+		require.Equal(t, 1, frame.Rows())
+	})
+
+	t.Run("convertResultsToFrame with no SELECT results", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// Create only non-SELECT results
+		result1 := &pgconn.Result{}
+		result1.CommandTag = pgconn.NewCommandTag("UPDATE 1")
+
+		result2 := &pgconn.Result{}
+		result2.CommandTag = pgconn.NewCommandTag("INSERT 1")
+
+		results := []*pgconn.Result{result1, result2}
+
+		frame, err := convertResultsToFrame(results, 1000)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		require.NotNil(t, frame)
+		require.Equal(t, 0, len(frame.Fields))
+		require.Equal(t, 0, frame.Rows())
+	})
+
+	t.Run("convertResultsToFrame with multiple results and row limit per result", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// Create mock field descriptions (same structure for both results)
+		fieldDescs := []pgconn.FieldDescription{
+			{Name: "id", DataTypeOID: pgtype.Int4OID},
+		}
+
+		// Create first result with 3 rows
+		mockRows1 := [][][]byte{
+			{[]byte("1")},
+			{[]byte("2")},
+			{[]byte("3")},
+		}
+		result1 := &pgconn.Result{
+			FieldDescriptions: fieldDescs,
+			Rows:              mockRows1,
+		}
+		result1.CommandTag = pgconn.NewCommandTag("SELECT 3")
+
+		// Create second result with 3 rows
+		mockRows2 := [][][]byte{
+			{[]byte("4")},
+			{[]byte("5")},
+			{[]byte("6")},
+		}
+		result2 := &pgconn.Result{
+			FieldDescriptions: fieldDescs,
+			Rows:              mockRows2,
+		}
+		result2.CommandTag = pgconn.NewCommandTag("SELECT 3")
+
+		results := []*pgconn.Result{result1, result2}
+
+		// Set row limit to 2 (should limit each result to 2 rows)
+		frame, err := convertResultsToFrame(results, 2)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		require.NotNil(t, frame)
+		require.Equal(t, 1, len(frame.Fields))
+		require.Equal(t, 4, frame.Rows()) // 2 rows from each result
+
+		// Should have notices about the limit from both results
+		require.NotNil(t, frame.Meta)
+		require.Len(t, frame.Meta.Notices, 2)
+		require.Contains(t, frame.Meta.Notices[0].Text, "Results have been limited to 2")
+		require.Contains(t, frame.Meta.Notices[1].Text, "Results have been limited to 2")
+	})
+
+	t.Run("convertResultsToFrame handles null values correctly", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// Create mock field descriptions
+		fieldDescs := []pgconn.FieldDescription{
+			{Name: "id", DataTypeOID: pgtype.Int4OID},
+			{Name: "name", DataTypeOID: pgtype.TextOID},
+		}
+
+		// Create mock result data with null values
+		mockRows := [][][]byte{
+			{[]byte("1"), nil},     // null name
+			{nil, []byte("test2")}, // null id
+		}
+
+		result := &pgconn.Result{
+			FieldDescriptions: fieldDescs,
+			Rows:              mockRows,
+		}
+		result.CommandTag = pgconn.NewCommandTag("SELECT 2")
+
+		results := []*pgconn.Result{result}
+
+		frame, err := convertResultsToFrame(results, 1000)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		require.NotNil(t, frame)
+		require.Equal(t, 2, len(frame.Fields))
+		require.Equal(t, 2, frame.Rows())
+
+		// Check that null values are handled correctly
+		// The exact representation depends on the field type, but should not panic
+		require.NotPanics(t, func() {
+			frame.Fields[0].At(1) // null id
+			frame.Fields[1].At(0) // null name
+		})
+	})
+}
+
+type testQueryResultTransformer struct {
+	transformQueryErrorWasCalled bool
+}
+
+func (t *testQueryResultTransformer) TransformQueryError(_ log.Logger, err error) error {
+	t.transformQueryErrorWasCalled = true
+	return err
+}
+
+func (t *testQueryResultTransformer) GetConverterList() []sqlutil.StringConverter {
+	return nil
+}

pkg/tsdb/grafana-postgresql-datasource/postgres.go

@@ -16,56 +16,14 @@ import (
 	"github.com/grafana/grafana-plugin-sdk-go/data"
 	"github.com/grafana/grafana-plugin-sdk-go/data/sqlutil"
 	"github.com/grafana/grafana/pkg/services/featuremgmt"
-	"github.com/grafana/grafana/pkg/setting"
 	"github.com/jackc/pgx/v5/pgxpool"
 	"github.com/lib/pq"
 
 	"github.com/grafana/grafana-plugin-sdk-go/backend/log"
+	sqlengpgx "github.com/grafana/grafana/pkg/tsdb/grafana-postgresql-datasource/pgx"
 	"github.com/grafana/grafana/pkg/tsdb/grafana-postgresql-datasource/sqleng"
 )
 
-func ProvideService(cfg *setting.Cfg, features featuremgmt.FeatureToggles) *Service {
-	logger := backend.NewLoggerWith("logger", "tsdb.postgres")
-	s := &Service{
-		tlsManager:    newTLSManager(logger, cfg.DataPath),
-		pgxTlsManager: newPgxTlsManager(logger),
-		logger:        logger,
-		features:      features,
-	}
-	s.im = datasource.NewInstanceManager(s.newInstanceSettings())
-	return s
-}
-
-type Service struct {
-	tlsManager    tlsSettingsProvider
-	pgxTlsManager *pgxTlsManager
-	im            instancemgmt.InstanceManager
-	logger        log.Logger
-	features      featuremgmt.FeatureToggles
-}
-
-func (s *Service) getDSInfo(ctx context.Context, pluginCtx backend.PluginContext) (*sqleng.DataSourceHandler, error) {
-	i, err := s.im.Get(ctx, pluginCtx)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	instance := i.(*sqleng.DataSourceHandler)
-	return instance, nil
-}
-
-func (s *Service) QueryData(ctx context.Context, req *backend.QueryDataRequest) (*backend.QueryDataResponse, error) {
-	dsInfo, err := s.getDSInfo(ctx, req.PluginContext)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	if s.features.IsEnabled(ctx, featuremgmt.FlagPostgresDSUsePGX) {
-		return dsInfo.QueryDataPGX(ctx, req)
-	}
-
-	return dsInfo.QueryData(ctx, req)
-}
-
 func newPostgres(ctx context.Context, userFacingDefaultError string, rowLimit int64, dsInfo sqleng.DataSourceInfo, cnnstr string, logger log.Logger, settings backend.DataSourceInstanceSettings) (*sql.DB, *sqleng.DataSourceHandler, error) {
 	connector, err := pq.NewConnector(cnnstr)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -115,7 +73,7 @@ func newPostgres(ctx context.Context, userFacingDefaultError string, rowLimit in
 	return db, handler, nil
 }
 
-func newPostgresPGX(ctx context.Context, userFacingDefaultError string, rowLimit int64, dsInfo sqleng.DataSourceInfo, cnnstr string, logger log.Logger, settings backend.DataSourceInstanceSettings) (*pgxpool.Pool, *sqleng.DataSourceHandler, error) {
+func newPostgresPGX(ctx context.Context, userFacingDefaultError string, rowLimit int64, dsInfo sqleng.DataSourceInfo, cnnstr string, logger log.Logger, settings backend.DataSourceInstanceSettings) (*pgxpool.Pool, *sqlengpgx.DataSourceHandler, error) {
 	pgxConf, err := pgxpool.ParseConfig(cnnstr)
 	if err != nil {
 		logger.Error("postgres config creation failed", "error", err)
@@ -144,7 +102,7 @@ func newPostgresPGX(ctx context.Context, userFacingDefaultError string, rowLimit
 		return []string{host}, nil
 	}
 
-	config := sqleng.DataPluginConfiguration{
+	config := sqlengpgx.DataPluginConfiguration{
 		DSInfo:            dsInfo,
 		MetricColumnTypes: []string{"unknown", "text", "varchar", "char", "bpchar"},
 		RowLimit:          rowLimit,
@@ -160,7 +118,7 @@ func newPostgresPGX(ctx context.Context, userFacingDefaultError string, rowLimit
 		return nil, nil, err
 	}
 
-	handler, err := sqleng.NewQueryDataHandlerPGX(userFacingDefaultError, p, config, &queryResultTransformer, newPostgresMacroEngine(dsInfo.JsonData.Timescaledb),
+	handler, err := sqlengpgx.NewQueryDataHandler(userFacingDefaultError, p, config, &queryResultTransformer, newPostgresMacroEngine(dsInfo.JsonData.Timescaledb),
 		logger)
 	if err != nil {
 		logger.Error("Failed connecting to Postgres", "err", err)
@@ -171,8 +129,7 @@ func newPostgresPGX(ctx context.Context, userFacingDefaultError string, rowLimit
 	return p, handler, nil
 }
 
-func (s *Service) newInstanceSettings() datasource.InstanceFactoryFunc {
-	logger := s.logger
+func NewInstanceSettings(logger log.Logger, features featuremgmt.FeatureToggles, dataPath string) datasource.InstanceFactoryFunc {
 	return func(ctx context.Context, settings backend.DataSourceInstanceSettings) (instancemgmt.Instance, error) {
 		cfg := backend.GrafanaConfigFromContext(ctx)
 		sqlCfg, err := cfg.SQL()
@@ -210,49 +167,53 @@ func (s *Service) newInstanceSettings() datasource.InstanceFactoryFunc {
 			DecryptedSecureJSONData: settings.DecryptedSecureJSONData,
 		}
 
-		isPGX := s.features.IsEnabled(ctx, featuremgmt.FlagPostgresDSUsePGX)
+		isPGX := features.IsEnabled(ctx, featuremgmt.FlagPostgresDSUsePGX)
 
 		userFacingDefaultError, err := cfg.UserFacingDefaultError()
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}
 
-		var handler instancemgmt.Instance
 		if isPGX {
-			pgxTlsSettings, err := s.pgxTlsManager.getTLSSettings(dsInfo)
+			pgxlogger := logger.FromContext(ctx).With("driver", "pgx")
+			pgxTlsManager := newPgxTlsManager(pgxlogger)
+			pgxTlsSettings, err := pgxTlsManager.getTLSSettings(dsInfo)
 			if err != nil {
 				return "", err
 			}
 
 			// Ensure cleanupCertFiles is called after the connection is opened
-			defer s.pgxTlsManager.cleanupCertFiles(pgxTlsSettings)
-			cnnstr, err := s.generateConnectionString(dsInfo, pgxTlsSettings, isPGX)
+			defer pgxTlsManager.cleanupCertFiles(pgxTlsSettings)
+			cnnstr, err := generateConnectionString(dsInfo, pgxTlsSettings, isPGX, pgxlogger)
 			if err != nil {
 				return "", err
 			}
-			_, handler, err = newPostgresPGX(ctx, userFacingDefaultError, sqlCfg.RowLimit, dsInfo, cnnstr, logger, settings)
+			_, handler, err := newPostgresPGX(ctx, userFacingDefaultError, sqlCfg.RowLimit, dsInfo, cnnstr, pgxlogger, settings)
 			if err != nil {
-				logger.Error("Failed connecting to Postgres", "err", err)
+				pgxlogger.Error("Failed connecting to Postgres", "err", err)
 				return nil, err
 			}
-		} else {
-			tlsSettings, err := s.tlsManager.getTLSSettings(dsInfo)
-			if err != nil {
-				return "", err
-			}
-			cnnstr, err := s.generateConnectionString(dsInfo, tlsSettings, isPGX)
-			if err != nil {
-				return nil, err
-			}
-			_, handler, err = newPostgres(ctx, userFacingDefaultError, sqlCfg.RowLimit, dsInfo, cnnstr, logger, settings)
-			if err != nil {
-				logger.Error("Failed connecting to Postgres", "err", err)
-				return nil, err
-			}
-		}
-
-		logger.Debug("Successfully connected to Postgres")
+			pgxlogger.Debug("Successfully connected to Postgres")
 			return handler, nil
+		} else {
+			pqlogger := logger.FromContext(ctx).With("driver", "libpq")
+			tlsManager := newTLSManager(pqlogger, dataPath)
+			tlsSettings, err := tlsManager.getTLSSettings(dsInfo)
+			if err != nil {
+				return "", err
+			}
+			cnnstr, err := generateConnectionString(dsInfo, tlsSettings, isPGX, pqlogger)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
+			_, handler, err := newPostgres(ctx, userFacingDefaultError, sqlCfg.RowLimit, dsInfo, cnnstr, pqlogger, settings)
+			if err != nil {
+				pqlogger.Error("Failed connecting to Postgres", "err", err)
+				return nil, err
+			}
+			pqlogger.Debug("Successfully connected to Postgres")
+			return handler, nil
+		}
 	}
 }
 
@@ -342,9 +303,7 @@ func buildBaseConnectionString(params connectionParams) string {
 	return connStr
 }
 
-func (s *Service) generateConnectionString(dsInfo sqleng.DataSourceInfo, tlsSettings tlsSettings, isPGX bool) (string, error) {
-	logger := s.logger
-
+func generateConnectionString(dsInfo sqleng.DataSourceInfo, tlsSettings tlsSettings, isPGX bool, logger log.Logger) (string, error) {
 	params, err := parseConnectionParams(dsInfo, logger)
 	if err != nil {
 		return "", err
@@ -387,15 +346,6 @@ func (t *postgresQueryResultTransformer) TransformQueryError(_ log.Logger, err e
 	return err
 }
 
-// CheckHealth pings the connected SQL database
-func (s *Service) CheckHealth(ctx context.Context, req *backend.CheckHealthRequest) (*backend.CheckHealthResult, error) {
-	dsHandler, err := s.getDSInfo(ctx, req.PluginContext)
-	if err != nil {
-		return sqleng.ErrToHealthCheckResult(err)
-	}
-	return dsHandler.CheckHealth(ctx, req, s.features)
-}
-
 func (t *postgresQueryResultTransformer) GetConverterList() []sqlutil.StringConverter {
 	return []sqlutil.StringConverter{
 		{

pkg/tsdb/grafana-postgresql-datasource/postgres_pgx_snapshot_test.go

@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ func TestIntegrationPostgresPGXSnapshots(t *testing.T) {
 
 			query := makeQuery(rawSQL, test.format)
 
-			result, err := handler.QueryDataPGX(context.Background(), &query)
+			result, err := handler.QueryData(context.Background(), &query)
 			require.Len(t, result.Responses, 1)
 			response, found := result.Responses["A"]
 			require.True(t, found)

pkg/tsdb/grafana-postgresql-datasource/postgres_pgx_test.go

@@ -151,10 +151,6 @@ func TestIntegrationGenerateConnectionStringPGX(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 	for _, tt := range testCases {
 		t.Run(tt.desc, func(t *testing.T) {
-			svc := Service{
-				logger: backend.NewLoggerWith("logger", "tsdb.postgres"),
-			}
-
 			ds := sqleng.DataSourceInfo{
 				URL:                     tt.host,
 				User:                    tt.user,
@@ -162,8 +158,9 @@ func TestIntegrationGenerateConnectionStringPGX(t *testing.T) {
 				Database:                tt.database,
 				UID:                     tt.uid,
 			}
+			logger := backend.NewLoggerWith("logger", "tsdb.postgres")
 
-			connStr, err := svc.generateConnectionString(ds, tt.tlsSettings, false)
+			connStr, err := generateConnectionString(ds, tt.tlsSettings, false, logger)
 
 			if tt.expErr == "" {
 				require.NoError(t, err, tt.desc)
@@ -284,7 +281,7 @@ func TestIntegrationPostgresPGX(t *testing.T) {
 					},
 				},
 			}
-			resp, err := exe.QueryDataPGX(t.Context(), query)
+			resp, err := exe.QueryData(t.Context(), query)
 			require.NoError(t, err)
 			queryResult := resp.Responses["A"]
 			require.NoError(t, queryResult.Error)
@@ -383,7 +380,7 @@ func TestIntegrationPostgresPGX(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			}
 
-			resp, err := exe.QueryDataPGX(t.Context(), query)
+			resp, err := exe.QueryData(t.Context(), query)
 			require.NoError(t, err)
 			queryResult := resp.Responses["A"]
 			require.NoError(t, queryResult.Error)
@@ -426,7 +423,7 @@ func TestIntegrationPostgresPGX(t *testing.T) {
 					},
 				},
 			}
-			resp, err := exe.QueryDataPGX(t.Context(), query)
+			resp, err := exe.QueryData(t.Context(), query)
 			require.NoError(t, err)
 			queryResult := resp.Responses["A"]
 			require.NoError(t, queryResult.Error)
@@ -460,7 +457,7 @@ func TestIntegrationPostgresPGX(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			}
 
-			resp, err := exe.QueryDataPGX(t.Context(), query)
+			resp, err := exe.QueryData(t.Context(), query)
 			require.NoError(t, err)
 			queryResult := resp.Responses["A"]
 			frames := queryResult.Frames
@@ -488,7 +485,7 @@ func TestIntegrationPostgresPGX(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			}
 
-			resp, err := exe.QueryDataPGX(t.Context(), query)
+			resp, err := exe.QueryData(t.Context(), query)
 			require.NoError(t, err)
 			queryResult := resp.Responses["A"]
 			require.NoError(t, queryResult.Error)
@@ -542,7 +539,7 @@ func TestIntegrationPostgresPGX(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			}
 
-			resp, err := exe.QueryDataPGX(t.Context(), query)
+			resp, err := exe.QueryData(t.Context(), query)
 			require.NoError(t, err)
 			queryResult := resp.Responses["A"]
 			require.NoError(t, queryResult.Error)
@@ -589,7 +586,7 @@ func TestIntegrationPostgresPGX(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			}
 
-			resp, err := exe.QueryDataPGX(t.Context(), query)
+			resp, err := exe.QueryData(t.Context(), query)
 			require.NoError(t, err)
 			queryResult := resp.Responses["A"]
 			require.NoError(t, queryResult.Error)
@@ -624,7 +621,7 @@ func TestIntegrationPostgresPGX(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 		}
 
-		resp, err := exe.QueryDataPGX(t.Context(), query)
+		resp, err := exe.QueryData(t.Context(), query)
 		require.NoError(t, err)
 		queryResult := resp.Responses["A"]
 		require.NoError(t, queryResult.Error)
@@ -741,7 +738,7 @@ func TestIntegrationPostgresPGX(t *testing.T) {
 					},
 				}
 
-				resp, err := exe.QueryDataPGX(t.Context(), query)
+				resp, err := exe.QueryData(t.Context(), query)
 				require.NoError(t, err)
 				queryResult := resp.Responses["A"]
 				require.NoError(t, queryResult.Error)
@@ -765,7 +762,7 @@ func TestIntegrationPostgresPGX(t *testing.T) {
 					},
 				}
 
-				resp, err := exe.QueryDataPGX(t.Context(), query)
+				resp, err := exe.QueryData(t.Context(), query)
 				require.NoError(t, err)
 				queryResult := resp.Responses["A"]
 				require.NoError(t, queryResult.Error)
@@ -789,7 +786,7 @@ func TestIntegrationPostgresPGX(t *testing.T) {
 					},
 				}
 
-				resp, err := exe.QueryDataPGX(t.Context(), query)
+				resp, err := exe.QueryData(t.Context(), query)
 				require.NoError(t, err)
 				queryResult := resp.Responses["A"]
 				require.NoError(t, queryResult.Error)
@@ -813,7 +810,7 @@ func TestIntegrationPostgresPGX(t *testing.T) {
 					},
 				}
 
-				resp, err := exe.QueryDataPGX(t.Context(), query)
+				resp, err := exe.QueryData(t.Context(), query)
 				require.NoError(t, err)
 				queryResult := resp.Responses["A"]
 				require.NoError(t, queryResult.Error)
@@ -837,7 +834,7 @@ func TestIntegrationPostgresPGX(t *testing.T) {
 					},
 				}
 
-				resp, err := exe.QueryDataPGX(t.Context(), query)
+				resp, err := exe.QueryData(t.Context(), query)
 				require.NoError(t, err)
 				queryResult := resp.Responses["A"]
 				require.NoError(t, queryResult.Error)
@@ -861,7 +858,7 @@ func TestIntegrationPostgresPGX(t *testing.T) {
 					},
 				}
 
-				resp, err := exe.QueryDataPGX(t.Context(), query)
+				resp, err := exe.QueryData(t.Context(), query)
 				require.NoError(t, err)
 				queryResult := resp.Responses["A"]
 				require.NoError(t, queryResult.Error)
@@ -885,7 +882,7 @@ func TestIntegrationPostgresPGX(t *testing.T) {
 					},
 				}
 
-				resp, err := exe.QueryDataPGX(t.Context(), query)
+				resp, err := exe.QueryData(t.Context(), query)
 				require.NoError(t, err)
 				queryResult := resp.Responses["A"]
 				require.NoError(t, queryResult.Error)
@@ -910,7 +907,7 @@ func TestIntegrationPostgresPGX(t *testing.T) {
 					},
 				}
 
-				resp, err := exe.QueryDataPGX(t.Context(), query)
+				resp, err := exe.QueryData(t.Context(), query)
 				require.NoError(t, err)
 				queryResult := resp.Responses["A"]
 				require.NoError(t, queryResult.Error)
@@ -934,7 +931,7 @@ func TestIntegrationPostgresPGX(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			}
 
-			resp, err := exe.QueryDataPGX(t.Context(), query)
+			resp, err := exe.QueryData(t.Context(), query)
 			require.NoError(t, err)
 			queryResult := resp.Responses["A"]
 			require.NoError(t, queryResult.Error)
@@ -959,7 +956,7 @@ func TestIntegrationPostgresPGX(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			}
 
-			resp, err := exe.QueryDataPGX(t.Context(), query)
+			resp, err := exe.QueryData(t.Context(), query)
 			require.NoError(t, err)
 			queryResult := resp.Responses["A"]
 			require.NoError(t, queryResult.Error)
@@ -991,7 +988,7 @@ func TestIntegrationPostgresPGX(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			}
 
-			resp, err := exe.QueryDataPGX(t.Context(), query)
+			resp, err := exe.QueryData(t.Context(), query)
 			require.NoError(t, err)
 			queryResult := resp.Responses["A"]
 			require.NoError(t, queryResult.Error)
@@ -1026,7 +1023,7 @@ func TestIntegrationPostgresPGX(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			}
 
-			resp, err := exe.QueryDataPGX(t.Context(), query)
+			resp, err := exe.QueryData(t.Context(), query)
 			require.NoError(t, err)
 			queryResult := resp.Responses["A"]
 			require.NoError(t, queryResult.Error)
@@ -1086,7 +1083,7 @@ func TestIntegrationPostgresPGX(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			}
 
-			resp, err := exe.QueryDataPGX(t.Context(), query)
+			resp, err := exe.QueryData(t.Context(), query)
 			require.NoError(t, err)
 
 			queryResult := resp.Responses["Deploys"]
@@ -1113,7 +1110,7 @@ func TestIntegrationPostgresPGX(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			}
 
-			resp, err := exe.QueryDataPGX(t.Context(), query)
+			resp, err := exe.QueryData(t.Context(), query)
 			require.NoError(t, err)
 
 			queryResult := resp.Responses["Tickets"]
@@ -1136,7 +1133,7 @@ func TestIntegrationPostgresPGX(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			}
 
-			resp, err := exe.QueryDataPGX(t.Context(), query)
+			resp, err := exe.QueryData(t.Context(), query)
 			require.NoError(t, err)
 			queryResult := resp.Responses["A"]
 			require.NoError(t, queryResult.Error)
@@ -1161,7 +1158,7 @@ func TestIntegrationPostgresPGX(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			}
 
-			resp, err := exe.QueryDataPGX(t.Context(), query)
+			resp, err := exe.QueryData(t.Context(), query)
 			require.NoError(t, err)
 			queryResult := resp.Responses["A"]
 			require.NoError(t, queryResult.Error)
@@ -1186,7 +1183,7 @@ func TestIntegrationPostgresPGX(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			}
 
-			resp, err := exe.QueryDataPGX(t.Context(), query)
+			resp, err := exe.QueryData(t.Context(), query)
 			require.NoError(t, err)
 			queryResult := resp.Responses["A"]
 			require.NoError(t, queryResult.Error)
@@ -1212,7 +1209,7 @@ func TestIntegrationPostgresPGX(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			}
 
-			resp, err := exe.QueryDataPGX(t.Context(), query)
+			resp, err := exe.QueryData(t.Context(), query)
 			require.NoError(t, err)
 			queryResult := resp.Responses["A"]
 			require.NoError(t, queryResult.Error)
@@ -1238,7 +1235,7 @@ func TestIntegrationPostgresPGX(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			}
 
-			resp, err := exe.QueryDataPGX(t.Context(), query)
+			resp, err := exe.QueryData(t.Context(), query)
 			require.NoError(t, err)
 			queryResult := resp.Responses["A"]
 			require.NoError(t, queryResult.Error)
@@ -1264,7 +1261,7 @@ func TestIntegrationPostgresPGX(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			}
 
-			resp, err := exe.QueryDataPGX(t.Context(), query)
+			resp, err := exe.QueryData(t.Context(), query)
 			require.NoError(t, err)
 			queryResult := resp.Responses["A"]
 			require.NoError(t, queryResult.Error)
@@ -1290,7 +1287,7 @@ func TestIntegrationPostgresPGX(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			}
 
-			resp, err := exe.QueryDataPGX(t.Context(), query)
+			resp, err := exe.QueryData(t.Context(), query)
 			require.NoError(t, err)
 			queryResult := resp.Responses["A"]
 			require.NoError(t, queryResult.Error)
@@ -1338,7 +1335,7 @@ func TestIntegrationPostgresPGX(t *testing.T) {
 					},
 				}
 
-				resp, err := handler.QueryDataPGX(t.Context(), query)
+				resp, err := handler.QueryData(t.Context(), query)
 				require.NoError(t, err)
 				queryResult := resp.Responses["A"]
 				require.NoError(t, queryResult.Error)
@@ -1368,7 +1365,7 @@ func TestIntegrationPostgresPGX(t *testing.T) {
 					},
 				}
 
-				resp, err := handler.QueryDataPGX(t.Context(), query)
+				resp, err := handler.QueryData(t.Context(), query)
 				require.NoError(t, err)
 				queryResult := resp.Responses["A"]
 				require.NoError(t, queryResult.Error)
@@ -1406,7 +1403,7 @@ func TestIntegrationPostgresPGX(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			}
 
-			resp, err := exe.QueryDataPGX(t.Context(), query)
+			resp, err := exe.QueryData(t.Context(), query)
 			require.NoError(t, err)
 			queryResult := resp.Responses["A"]
 
@@ -1453,7 +1450,7 @@ func TestIntegrationPostgresPGX(t *testing.T) {
 				}
 
 				// This should not panic and should work correctly
-				resp, err := exe.QueryDataPGX(t.Context(), query)
+				resp, err := exe.QueryData(t.Context(), query)
 				require.NoError(t, err)
 				queryResult := resp.Responses["A"]
 				require.NoError(t, queryResult.Error)
@@ -1488,7 +1485,7 @@ func TestIntegrationPostgresPGX(t *testing.T) {
 				}
 
 				// This should not panic anymore, but should return an error instead
-				resp, err := exe.QueryDataPGX(t.Context(), query)
+				resp, err := exe.QueryData(t.Context(), query)
 				require.NoError(t, err)
 				queryResult := resp.Responses["A"]
 
@@ -1517,7 +1514,7 @@ func TestIntegrationPostgresPGX(t *testing.T) {
 				}
 
 				// This should not panic anymore, but should return an error instead
-				resp, err := exe.QueryDataPGX(t.Context(), query)
+				resp, err := exe.QueryData(t.Context(), query)
 				require.NoError(t, err)
 				queryResult := resp.Responses["A"]
 
@@ -1546,7 +1543,7 @@ func TestIntegrationPostgresPGX(t *testing.T) {
 			}
 
 			// This should not panic
-			resp, err := exe.QueryDataPGX(t.Context(), query)
+			resp, err := exe.QueryData(t.Context(), query)
 			require.NoError(t, err)
 			queryResult := resp.Responses["A"]
 			require.NoError(t, queryResult.Error)

pkg/tsdb/grafana-postgresql-datasource/postgres_service.go

@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+package postgres
+
+import (
+	"context"
+
+	"github.com/grafana/grafana-plugin-sdk-go/backend"
+	"github.com/grafana/grafana-plugin-sdk-go/backend/datasource"
+	"github.com/grafana/grafana-plugin-sdk-go/backend/instancemgmt"
+
+	"github.com/grafana/grafana/pkg/services/featuremgmt"
+	"github.com/grafana/grafana/pkg/setting"
+	sqlengpgx "github.com/grafana/grafana/pkg/tsdb/grafana-postgresql-datasource/pgx"
+	"github.com/grafana/grafana/pkg/tsdb/grafana-postgresql-datasource/sqleng"
+)
+
+type Service struct {
+	im       instancemgmt.InstanceManager
+	features featuremgmt.FeatureToggles
+}
+
+func ProvideService(cfg *setting.Cfg, features featuremgmt.FeatureToggles) *Service {
+	logger := backend.NewLoggerWith("logger", "tsdb.postgres")
+	s := &Service{
+		im:       datasource.NewInstanceManager(NewInstanceSettings(logger, features, cfg.DataPath)),
+		features: features,
+	}
+	return s
+}
+
+// NOTE: do not put any business logic into this method. it's whole job is to forward the call "inside"
+func (s *Service) CheckHealth(ctx context.Context, req *backend.CheckHealthRequest) (*backend.CheckHealthResult, error) {
+	if s.features.IsEnabled(ctx, featuremgmt.FlagPostgresDSUsePGX) {
+		dsHandler, err := s.getDSInfoPGX(ctx, req.PluginContext)
+		if err != nil {
+			return sqlengpgx.ErrToHealthCheckResult(err)
+		}
+		return dsHandler.CheckHealth(ctx, req)
+	} else {
+		dsHandler, err := s.getDSInfo(ctx, req.PluginContext)
+		if err != nil {
+			return sqleng.ErrToHealthCheckResult(err)
+		}
+		return dsHandler.CheckHealth(ctx, req)
+	}
+}
+
+// NOTE: do not put any business logic into this method. it's whole job is to forward the call "inside"
+func (s *Service) QueryData(ctx context.Context, req *backend.QueryDataRequest) (*backend.QueryDataResponse, error) {
+	if s.features.IsEnabled(ctx, featuremgmt.FlagPostgresDSUsePGX) {
+		dsInfo, err := s.getDSInfoPGX(ctx, req.PluginContext)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		return dsInfo.QueryData(ctx, req)
+	} else {
+		dsInfo, err := s.getDSInfo(ctx, req.PluginContext)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		return dsInfo.QueryData(ctx, req)
+	}
+}
+
+func (s *Service) getDSInfo(ctx context.Context, pluginCtx backend.PluginContext) (*sqleng.DataSourceHandler, error) {
+	i, err := s.im.Get(ctx, pluginCtx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	instance := i.(*sqleng.DataSourceHandler)
+	return instance, nil
+}
+
+func (s *Service) getDSInfoPGX(ctx context.Context, pluginCtx backend.PluginContext) (*sqlengpgx.DataSourceHandler, error) {
+	i, err := s.im.Get(ctx, pluginCtx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	instance := i.(*sqlengpgx.DataSourceHandler)
+	return instance, nil
+}

pkg/tsdb/grafana-postgresql-datasource/postgres_test.go

@@ -156,10 +156,7 @@ func TestIntegrationGenerateConnectionString(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 	for _, tt := range testCases {
 		t.Run(tt.desc, func(t *testing.T) {
-			svc := Service{
-				tlsManager: &tlsTestManager{settings: tt.tlsSettings},
-				logger:     backend.NewLoggerWith("logger", "tsdb.postgres"),
-			}
+			logger := backend.NewLoggerWith("logger", "tsdb.postgres")
 
 			ds := sqleng.DataSourceInfo{
 				URL:                     tt.host,
@@ -169,7 +166,7 @@ func TestIntegrationGenerateConnectionString(t *testing.T) {
 				UID:                     tt.uid,
 			}
 
-			connStr, err := svc.generateConnectionString(ds, tt.tlsSettings, false)
+			connStr, err := generateConnectionString(ds, tt.tlsSettings, false, logger)
 
 			if tt.expErr == "" {
 				require.NoError(t, err, tt.desc)
@@ -1409,14 +1406,6 @@ func genTimeRangeByInterval(from time.Time, duration time.Duration, interval tim
 	return timeRange
 }
 
-type tlsTestManager struct {
-	settings tlsSettings
-}
-
-func (m *tlsTestManager) getTLSSettings(dsInfo sqleng.DataSourceInfo) (tlsSettings, error) {
-	return m.settings, nil
-}
-
 func isTestDbPostgres() bool {
 	if db, present := os.LookupEnv("GRAFANA_TEST_DB"); present {
 		return db == "postgres"

pkg/tsdb/grafana-postgresql-datasource/sqleng/handler_checkhealth.go

@@ -10,17 +10,11 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/grafana/grafana-plugin-sdk-go/backend"
 	"github.com/grafana/grafana-plugin-sdk-go/backend/log"
-	"github.com/grafana/grafana/pkg/services/featuremgmt"
 	"github.com/lib/pq"
 )
 
-func (e *DataSourceHandler) CheckHealth(ctx context.Context, req *backend.CheckHealthRequest, features featuremgmt.FeatureToggles) (*backend.CheckHealthResult, error) {
-	var err error
-	if features.IsEnabled(ctx, featuremgmt.FlagPostgresDSUsePGX) {
-		err = e.PingPGX(ctx)
-	} else {
-		err = e.Ping()
-	}
+func (e *DataSourceHandler) CheckHealth(ctx context.Context, req *backend.CheckHealthRequest) (*backend.CheckHealthResult, error) {
+	err := e.Ping()
 	if err != nil {
 		logCheckHealthError(ctx, e.dsInfo, err)
 		if strings.EqualFold(req.PluginContext.User.Role, "Admin") {

pkg/tsdb/grafana-postgresql-datasource/sqleng/sql_engine.go

@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/grafana/grafana-plugin-sdk-go/backend/log"
 	"github.com/grafana/grafana-plugin-sdk-go/data"
 	"github.com/grafana/grafana-plugin-sdk-go/data/sqlutil"
-	"github.com/jackc/pgx/v5/pgxpool"
 )
 
 // MetaKeyExecutedQueryString is the key where the executed query should get stored
@@ -89,7 +88,6 @@ type DataSourceHandler struct {
 	dsInfo                 DataSourceInfo
 	rowLimit               int64
 	userError              string
-	pool                   *pgxpool.Pool
 }
 
 type QueryJson struct {
@@ -490,7 +488,6 @@ type dataQueryModel struct {
 	Interval          time.Duration
 	columnNames       []string
 	columnTypes       []*sql.ColumnType
-	columnTypesPGX    []string
 	timeIndex         int
 	timeEndIndex      int
 	metricIndex       int

pkg/tsdb/grafana-postgresql-datasource/sqleng/sql_engine_test.go

@@ -9,8 +9,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/grafana/grafana-plugin-sdk-go/backend"
 	"github.com/grafana/grafana-plugin-sdk-go/data"
 	"github.com/grafana/grafana-plugin-sdk-go/data/sqlutil"
-	"github.com/jackc/pgx/v5/pgconn"
-	"github.com/jackc/pgx/v5/pgtype"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
 
@@ -427,246 +425,6 @@ func TestSQLEngine(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 }
 
-func TestConvertResultsToFrame(t *testing.T) {
-	// Import the pgx packages needed for testing
-	// These imports are included in the main file but need to be accessible for tests
-	t.Run("convertResultsToFrame with single result", func(t *testing.T) {
-		// Create mock field descriptions
-		fieldDescs := []pgconn.FieldDescription{
-			{Name: "id", DataTypeOID: pgtype.Int4OID},
-			{Name: "name", DataTypeOID: pgtype.TextOID},
-			{Name: "value", DataTypeOID: pgtype.Float8OID},
-		}
-
-		// Create mock result data
-		mockRows := [][][]byte{
-			{[]byte("1"), []byte("test1"), []byte("10.5")},
-			{[]byte("2"), []byte("test2"), []byte("20.7")},
-		}
-
-		// Create mock result
-		result := &pgconn.Result{
-			FieldDescriptions: fieldDescs,
-			Rows:              mockRows,
-		}
-		result.CommandTag = pgconn.NewCommandTag("SELECT 2")
-
-		results := []*pgconn.Result{result}
-
-		frame, err := convertResultsToFrame(results, 1000)
-		require.NoError(t, err)
-		require.NotNil(t, frame)
-		require.Equal(t, 3, len(frame.Fields))
-		require.Equal(t, 2, frame.Rows())
-
-		// Verify field names
-		require.Equal(t, "id", frame.Fields[0].Name)
-		require.Equal(t, "name", frame.Fields[1].Name)
-		require.Equal(t, "value", frame.Fields[2].Name)
-	})
-
-	t.Run("convertResultsToFrame with multiple compatible results", func(t *testing.T) {
-		// Create mock field descriptions (same structure for both results)
-		fieldDescs := []pgconn.FieldDescription{
-			{Name: "id", DataTypeOID: pgtype.Int4OID},
-			{Name: "name", DataTypeOID: pgtype.TextOID},
-		}
-
-		// Create first result
-		mockRows1 := [][][]byte{
-			{[]byte("1"), []byte("test1")},
-			{[]byte("2"), []byte("test2")},
-		}
-		result1 := &pgconn.Result{
-			FieldDescriptions: fieldDescs,
-			Rows:              mockRows1,
-		}
-		result1.CommandTag = pgconn.NewCommandTag("SELECT 2")
-
-		// Create second result with same structure
-		mockRows2 := [][][]byte{
-			{[]byte("3"), []byte("test3")},
-			{[]byte("4"), []byte("test4")},
-		}
-		result2 := &pgconn.Result{
-			FieldDescriptions: fieldDescs,
-			Rows:              mockRows2,
-		}
-		result2.CommandTag = pgconn.NewCommandTag("SELECT 2")
-
-		results := []*pgconn.Result{result1, result2}
-
-		frame, err := convertResultsToFrame(results, 1000)
-		require.NoError(t, err)
-		require.NotNil(t, frame)
-		require.Equal(t, 2, len(frame.Fields))
-		require.Equal(t, 4, frame.Rows()) // Should have rows from both results
-
-		// Verify field names
-		require.Equal(t, "id", frame.Fields[0].Name)
-		require.Equal(t, "name", frame.Fields[1].Name)
-	})
-
-	t.Run("convertResultsToFrame with row limit", func(t *testing.T) {
-		// Create mock field descriptions
-		fieldDescs := []pgconn.FieldDescription{
-			{Name: "id", DataTypeOID: pgtype.Int4OID},
-		}
-
-		// Create mock result data with 3 rows
-		mockRows := [][][]byte{
-			{[]byte("1")},
-			{[]byte("2")},
-			{[]byte("3")},
-		}
-
-		result := &pgconn.Result{
-			FieldDescriptions: fieldDescs,
-			Rows:              mockRows,
-		}
-		result.CommandTag = pgconn.NewCommandTag("SELECT 3")
-
-		results := []*pgconn.Result{result}
-
-		// Set row limit to 2
-		frame, err := convertResultsToFrame(results, 2)
-		require.NoError(t, err)
-		require.NotNil(t, frame)
-		require.Equal(t, 1, len(frame.Fields))
-		require.Equal(t, 2, frame.Rows()) // Should be limited to 2 rows
-
-		// Should have a notice about the limit
-		require.NotNil(t, frame.Meta)
-		require.Len(t, frame.Meta.Notices, 1)
-		require.Contains(t, frame.Meta.Notices[0].Text, "Results have been limited to 2")
-	})
-
-	t.Run("convertResultsToFrame with mixed SELECT and non-SELECT results", func(t *testing.T) {
-		// Create a non-SELECT result (should be skipped)
-		nonSelectResult := &pgconn.Result{}
-		nonSelectResult.CommandTag = pgconn.NewCommandTag("UPDATE 1")
-
-		// Create a SELECT result
-		fieldDescs := []pgconn.FieldDescription{
-			{Name: "id", DataTypeOID: pgtype.Int4OID},
-		}
-		mockRows := [][][]byte{
-			{[]byte("1")},
-		}
-		selectResult := &pgconn.Result{
-			FieldDescriptions: fieldDescs,
-			Rows:              mockRows,
-		}
-		selectResult.CommandTag = pgconn.NewCommandTag("SELECT 1")
-
-		results := []*pgconn.Result{nonSelectResult, selectResult}
-
-		frame, err := convertResultsToFrame(results, 1000)
-		require.NoError(t, err)
-		require.NotNil(t, frame)
-		require.Equal(t, 1, len(frame.Fields))
-		require.Equal(t, 1, frame.Rows())
-	})
-
-	t.Run("convertResultsToFrame with no SELECT results", func(t *testing.T) {
-		// Create only non-SELECT results
-		result1 := &pgconn.Result{}
-		result1.CommandTag = pgconn.NewCommandTag("UPDATE 1")
-
-		result2 := &pgconn.Result{}
-		result2.CommandTag = pgconn.NewCommandTag("INSERT 1")
-
-		results := []*pgconn.Result{result1, result2}
-
-		frame, err := convertResultsToFrame(results, 1000)
-		require.NoError(t, err)
-		require.NotNil(t, frame)
-		require.Equal(t, 0, len(frame.Fields))
-		require.Equal(t, 0, frame.Rows())
-	})
-
-	t.Run("convertResultsToFrame with multiple results and row limit per result", func(t *testing.T) {
-		// Create mock field descriptions (same structure for both results)
-		fieldDescs := []pgconn.FieldDescription{
-			{Name: "id", DataTypeOID: pgtype.Int4OID},
-		}
-
-		// Create first result with 3 rows
-		mockRows1 := [][][]byte{
-			{[]byte("1")},
-			{[]byte("2")},
-			{[]byte("3")},
-		}
-		result1 := &pgconn.Result{
-			FieldDescriptions: fieldDescs,
-			Rows:              mockRows1,
-		}
-		result1.CommandTag = pgconn.NewCommandTag("SELECT 3")
-
-		// Create second result with 3 rows
-		mockRows2 := [][][]byte{
-			{[]byte("4")},
-			{[]byte("5")},
-			{[]byte("6")},
-		}
-		result2 := &pgconn.Result{
-			FieldDescriptions: fieldDescs,
-			Rows:              mockRows2,
-		}
-		result2.CommandTag = pgconn.NewCommandTag("SELECT 3")
-
-		results := []*pgconn.Result{result1, result2}
-
-		// Set row limit to 2 (should limit each result to 2 rows)
-		frame, err := convertResultsToFrame(results, 2)
-		require.NoError(t, err)
-		require.NotNil(t, frame)
-		require.Equal(t, 1, len(frame.Fields))
-		require.Equal(t, 4, frame.Rows()) // 2 rows from each result
-
-		// Should have notices about the limit from both results
-		require.NotNil(t, frame.Meta)
-		require.Len(t, frame.Meta.Notices, 2)
-		require.Contains(t, frame.Meta.Notices[0].Text, "Results have been limited to 2")
-		require.Contains(t, frame.Meta.Notices[1].Text, "Results have been limited to 2")
-	})
-
-	t.Run("convertResultsToFrame handles null values correctly", func(t *testing.T) {
-		// Create mock field descriptions
-		fieldDescs := []pgconn.FieldDescription{
-			{Name: "id", DataTypeOID: pgtype.Int4OID},
-			{Name: "name", DataTypeOID: pgtype.TextOID},
-		}
-
-		// Create mock result data with null values
-		mockRows := [][][]byte{
-			{[]byte("1"), nil},     // null name
-			{nil, []byte("test2")}, // null id
-		}
-
-		result := &pgconn.Result{
-			FieldDescriptions: fieldDescs,
-			Rows:              mockRows,
-		}
-		result.CommandTag = pgconn.NewCommandTag("SELECT 2")
-
-		results := []*pgconn.Result{result}
-
-		frame, err := convertResultsToFrame(results, 1000)
-		require.NoError(t, err)
-		require.NotNil(t, frame)
-		require.Equal(t, 2, len(frame.Fields))
-		require.Equal(t, 2, frame.Rows())
-
-		// Check that null values are handled correctly
-		// The exact representation depends on the field type, but should not panic
-		require.NotPanics(t, func() {
-			frame.Fields[0].At(1) // null id
-			frame.Fields[1].At(0) // null name
-		})
-	})
-}
-
 type testQueryResultTransformer struct {
 	transformQueryErrorWasCalled bool
 }

pkg/tsdb/grafana-postgresql-datasource/standalone/main.go

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"os"
+
+	"github.com/grafana/grafana-plugin-sdk-go/backend"
+	"github.com/grafana/grafana-plugin-sdk-go/backend/datasource"
+	"github.com/grafana/grafana-plugin-sdk-go/backend/log"
+	"github.com/grafana/grafana/pkg/services/featuremgmt"
+	"github.com/grafana/grafana/pkg/setting"
+	postgres "github.com/grafana/grafana/pkg/tsdb/grafana-postgresql-datasource"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	// No need to pass logger name, it will be set by the plugin SDK
+	logger := backend.NewLoggerWith()
+	// TODO: get rid of setting.NewCfg() and featuremgmt.FeatureToggles once PostgresDSUsePGX is removed
+	cfg := setting.NewCfg()
+	// We want to enable the feature toggle for api server
+	features := featuremgmt.WithFeatures(featuremgmt.FlagPostgresDSUsePGX)
+	if err := datasource.Manage("grafana-postgresql-datasource", postgres.NewInstanceSettings(logger, features, cfg.DataPath), datasource.ManageOpts{}); err != nil {
+		log.DefaultLogger.Error(err.Error())
+		os.Exit(1)
+	}
+}

pkg/tsdb/graphite/resource_handler.go

@@ -294,7 +294,13 @@ func (s *Service) handleFunctions(ctx context.Context, dsInfo *datasourceInfo, _
 
 	_, rawBody, statusCode, err := doGraphiteRequest[map[string]any](ctx, dsInfo, s.logger, req, true)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, statusCode, fmt.Errorf("version request failed: %v", err)
+		return nil, statusCode, fmt.Errorf("functions request failed: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	// It's possible that a HTML response may be returned
+	// This isn't valid so we'll return an error and use the default functions
+	if strings.HasPrefix(string(*rawBody), "<") {
+		return []byte{}, http.StatusNotAcceptable, fmt.Errorf("invalid functions response received from Graphite")
 	}
 
 	if rawBody == nil {

pkg/tsdb/graphite/resource_handler_test.go

@@ -735,21 +735,41 @@ func TestHandleFunctions(t *testing.T) {
 			responseBody:  `{"error": "internal error"}`,
 			statusCode:    500,
 			expectError:   true,
-			errorContains: "version request failed",
+			errorContains: "functions request failed",
 		},
 		{
 			name:          "functions request not found",
 			responseBody:  `{"error": "not found"}`,
 			statusCode:    404,
 			expectError:   true,
-			errorContains: "version request failed",
+			errorContains: "functions request failed",
 		},
 		{
 			name:          "network error",
 			responseBody:  "",
 			statusCode:    0,
 			expectError:   true,
-			errorContains: "version request failed",
+			errorContains: "functions request failed",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "html response",
+			responseBody: `<html>
+			<head>
+				<title>Graphite Browser</title>
+			</head>
+					
+
+			<frameset rows="60,*" frameborder="1" border="1">
+			<frame src="/browser/header/" name="Header" id='header' scrolling="no" noresize="true" />
+			
+				<frame src="/composer/?" name="content" id="composerFrame"/>
+			
+			</frameset>
+			</html>
+			`,
+			statusCode:    200,
+			expectError:   true,
+			errorContains: "invalid functions response received from Graphite",
 		},
 	}
 

pkg/util/sqlite/sqlite_nocgo.go

@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ func convertSQLite3URL(dsn string) (string, error) {
 	newDSN := dsn[:pos]
 
 	q := url.Values{}
-	q.Add("_pragma", "busy_timeout(5000)")
+	q.Add("_pragma", "busy_timeout(7500)") // Default of mattn/go-sqlite3 is 5s but we increase it to 7.5s to try and avoid busy errors.
 
 	for key, values := range params {
 		if alias, ok := dsnAlias[strings.ToLower(key)]; ok {

public/app/features/browse-dashboards/components/FolderActionsButton.tsx

@@ -7,7 +7,9 @@ import { Button, Drawer, Dropdown, Icon, Menu, MenuItem } from '@grafana/ui';
 import { Permissions } from 'app/core/components/AccessControl';
 import { appEvents } from 'app/core/core';
 import { RepoType } from 'app/features/provisioning/Wizard/types';
+import { BulkMoveProvisionedResource } from 'app/features/provisioning/components/BulkActions/BulkMoveProvisionedResource';
 import { DeleteProvisionedFolderForm } from 'app/features/provisioning/components/Folders/DeleteProvisionedFolderForm';
+import { useIsProvisionedInstance } from 'app/features/provisioning/hooks/useIsProvisionedInstance';
 import { getReadOnlyTooltipText } from 'app/features/provisioning/utils/repository';
 import { ShowModalReactEvent } from 'app/types/events';
 import { FolderDTO } from 'app/types/folders';
@@ -29,14 +31,18 @@ export function FolderActionsButton({ folder, repoType, isReadOnlyRepo }: Props)
   const [isOpen, setIsOpen] = useState(false);
   const [showPermissionsDrawer, setShowPermissionsDrawer] = useState(false);
   const [showDeleteProvisionedFolderDrawer, setShowDeleteProvisionedFolderDrawer] = useState(false);
+  const [showMoveProvisionedFolderDrawer, setShowMoveProvisionedFolderDrawer] = useState(false);
   const [moveFolder] = useMoveFolderMutationFacade();
+  const isProvisionedInstance = useIsProvisionedInstance();
 
   const deleteFolder = useDeleteFolderMutationFacade();
 
   const { canEditFolders, canDeleteFolders, canViewPermissions, canSetPermissions } = getFolderPermissions(folder);
   const isProvisionedFolder = folder.managedBy === ManagerKind.Repo;
+  // When its single provisioned folder, cannot move the root repository folder
+  const isProvisionedRootFolder = isProvisionedFolder && !isProvisionedInstance && folder.parentUid === undefined;
   // Can only move folders when the folder is not provisioned
-  const canMoveFolder = canEditFolders && !isProvisionedFolder;
+  const canMoveFolder = canEditFolders && !isProvisionedRootFolder;
 
   const onMove = async (destinationUID: string) => {
     await moveFolder({ folderUID: folder.uid, destinationUID: destinationUID });
@@ -115,6 +121,10 @@ export function FolderActionsButton({ folder, repoType, isReadOnlyRepo }: Props)
     setShowDeleteProvisionedFolderDrawer(true);
   };
 
+  const handleShowMoveProvisionedFolderDrawer = () => {
+    setShowMoveProvisionedFolderDrawer(true);
+  };
+
   const managePermissionsLabel = t('browse-dashboards.folder-actions-button.manage-permissions', 'Manage permissions');
   const moveLabel = t('browse-dashboards.folder-actions-button.move', 'Move');
   const deleteLabel = t('browse-dashboards.folder-actions-button.delete', 'Delete');
@@ -122,7 +132,12 @@ export function FolderActionsButton({ folder, repoType, isReadOnlyRepo }: Props)
   const menu = (
     <Menu>
       {canViewPermissions && <MenuItem onClick={() => setShowPermissionsDrawer(true)} label={managePermissionsLabel} />}
-      {canMoveFolder && !isReadOnlyRepo && <MenuItem onClick={showMoveModal} label={moveLabel} />}
+      {canMoveFolder && !isReadOnlyRepo && (
+        <MenuItem
+          onClick={isProvisionedFolder ? handleShowMoveProvisionedFolderDrawer : showMoveModal}
+          label={moveLabel}
+        />
+      )}
       {canDeleteFolders && !isReadOnlyRepo && (
         <MenuItem
           destructive
@@ -175,6 +190,19 @@ export function FolderActionsButton({ folder, repoType, isReadOnlyRepo }: Props)
           />
         </Drawer>
       )}
+      {showMoveProvisionedFolderDrawer && (
+        <Drawer
+          title={t('browse-dashboards.action.move-provisioned-folder', 'Move provisioned folder')}
+          subtitle={folder.title}
+          onClose={() => setShowMoveProvisionedFolderDrawer(false)}
+        >
+          <BulkMoveProvisionedResource
+            folderUid={folder.uid}
+            selectedItems={{ dashboard: {}, folder: { [folder.uid]: true } }}
+            onDismiss={() => setShowMoveProvisionedFolderDrawer(false)}
+          />
+        </Drawer>
+      )}
     </>
   );
 }

public/app/features/query/components/QueryEditorRow.test.tsx

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import { PropsWithChildren } from 'react';
 import { CoreApp, DataQueryRequest, dateTime, LoadingState, PanelData, toDataFrame } from '@grafana/data';
 import { DataQuery } from '@grafana/schema';
 import { mockDataSource } from 'app/features/alerting/unified/mocks';
+import { ExpressionDatasourceUID } from 'app/features/expressions/types';
 
 import { filterPanelDataToQuery, Props, QueryEditorRow } from './QueryEditorRow';
 
@@ -464,5 +465,28 @@ describe('QueryEditorRow', () => {
         expect(screen.queryByText('Replace with saved query')).not.toBeInTheDocument();
       });
     });
+
+    it('should not render saved queries buttons when query is an expression query', async () => {
+      const expressionQuery = {
+        refId: 'B',
+        datasource: {
+          uid: ExpressionDatasourceUID,
+          type: '__expr__',
+        },
+      };
+
+      const expressionProps = {
+        ...props(testData),
+        query: expressionQuery,
+        queries: [expressionQuery],
+      };
+
+      render(<QueryEditorRow {...expressionProps} />);
+
+      await waitFor(() => {
+        expect(screen.queryByText('Save query')).not.toBeInTheDocument();
+        expect(screen.queryByText('Replace with saved query')).not.toBeInTheDocument();
+      });
+    });
   });
 });

public/app/features/query/components/QueryEditorRow.tsx

@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ import {
 } from 'app/core/components/QueryOperationRow/QueryOperationRow';
 
 import { useQueryLibraryContext } from '../../explore/QueryLibrary/QueryLibraryContext';
+import { ExpressionDatasourceUID } from '../../expressions/types';
 
 import { QueryActionComponent, RowActionComponents } from './QueryActionComponent';
 import { QueryEditorRowHeader } from './QueryEditorRowHeader';
@@ -386,10 +387,11 @@ export class QueryEditorRow<TQuery extends DataQuery> extends PureComponent<Prop
     const hasEditorHelp = datasource?.components?.QueryEditorHelp;
     const isEditingQueryLibrary = queryLibraryRef !== undefined;
     const isUnifiedAlerting = app === CoreApp.UnifiedAlerting;
+    const isExpressionQuery = query.datasource?.uid === ExpressionDatasourceUID;
 
     return (
       <>
-        {!isEditingQueryLibrary && !isUnifiedAlerting && (
+        {!isEditingQueryLibrary && !isUnifiedAlerting && !isExpressionQuery && (
           <SavedQueryButtons
             query={query}
             app={app}

public/app/features/teams/TeamList.tsx

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import { connect, ConnectedProps } from 'react-redux';
 
 import { GrafanaTheme2 } from '@grafana/data';
 import { Trans, t } from '@grafana/i18n';
+import { config, getBackendSrv } from '@grafana/runtime';
 import {
   Avatar,
   CellProps,
@@ -65,6 +66,7 @@ export const TeamList = ({
   changeSort,
 }: Props) => {
   const [roleOptions, setRoleOptions] = useState<Role[]>([]);
+  const [scimGroupSyncEnabled, setScimGroupSyncEnabled] = useState(false);
   const styles = useStyles2(getStyles);
 
   useEffect(() => {
@@ -77,6 +79,25 @@ export const TeamList = ({
     }
   }, []);
 
+  useEffect(() => {
+    const checkSCIMSettings = async () => {
+      if (!config.featureToggles.enableSCIM) {
+        setScimGroupSyncEnabled(false);
+        return;
+      }
+      try {
+        const scimSettings = await getBackendSrv().get(
+          `/apis/scim.grafana.app/v0alpha1/namespaces/${config.namespace}/config`
+        );
+        setScimGroupSyncEnabled(scimSettings?.items[0]?.spec?.enableGroupSync || false);
+      } catch {
+        setScimGroupSyncEnabled(false);
+      }
+    };
+
+    checkSCIMSettings();
+  }, []);
+
   const canCreate = contextSrv.hasPermission(AccessControlAction.ActionTeamsCreate);
   const displayRolePicker = shouldDisplayRolePicker();
 
@@ -198,7 +219,7 @@ export const TeamList = ({
           const canReadTeam = contextSrv.hasPermissionInMetadata(AccessControlAction.ActionTeamsRead, original);
           const canDelete =
             contextSrv.hasPermissionInMetadata(AccessControlAction.ActionTeamsDelete, original) &&
-            !original.isProvisioned;
+            (!scimGroupSyncEnabled || !original.isProvisioned);
           return (
             <Stack direction="row" justifyContent="flex-end" gap={2}>
               {canReadTeam && (
@@ -226,7 +247,7 @@ export const TeamList = ({
         },
       },
     ],
-    [displayRolePicker, hasFetched, rolesLoading, roleOptions, deleteTeam, styles]
+    [displayRolePicker, hasFetched, rolesLoading, roleOptions, deleteTeam, styles, scimGroupSyncEnabled]
   );
 
   return (

public/app/plugins/datasource/grafana-postgresql-datasource/plugin.json

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
   "type": "datasource",
   "name": "PostgreSQL",
   "id": "grafana-postgresql-datasource",
+  "executable": "gpx_grafana-postgresql-datasource",
   "aliasIDs": ["postgres"],
   "category": "sql",
 
@@ -21,6 +22,9 @@
       { "name": "Documentation", "url": "https://grafana.com/docs/grafana/latest/datasources/postgres/" }
     ]
   },
+  "dependencies": {
+    "grafanaDependency": ">=11.6.0"
+  },
 
   "alerting": true,
   "annotations": true,

public/app/plugins/datasource/graphite/datasource.ts

@@ -1029,9 +1029,15 @@ export class GraphiteDatasource
     };
 
     if (config.featureToggles.graphiteBackendMode) {
+      try {
         const functions = await this.getResource<string>('functions');
         this.funcDefs = gfunc.parseFuncDefs(functions);
         return this.funcDefs;
+      } catch (error) {
+        console.error('Fetching graphite functions error', error);
+        this.funcDefs = gfunc.getFuncDefs(this.graphiteVersion);
+        return this.funcDefs;
+      }
     }
 
     return lastValueFrom(

public/app/plugins/datasource/influxdb/datasource.test.ts

@@ -273,6 +273,15 @@ describe('interpolateQueryExpr', () => {
     replace: jest.fn().mockImplementation((...rest: unknown[]) => 'templateVarReplaced'),
   } as unknown as TemplateSrv;
   let ds = getMockInfluxDS(getMockDSInstanceSettings(), templateSrvStub);
+
+  // Mock console.warn as we expect tests to use it
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    jest.spyOn(console, 'warn').mockImplementation();
+  });
+  afterEach(() => {
+    jest.restoreAllMocks();
+  });
+
   it('should return the value as it is', () => {
     const value = 'normalValue';
     const variableMock = queryBuilder().withId('tempVar').withName('tempVar').withMulti(false).build();
@@ -281,6 +290,18 @@ describe('interpolateQueryExpr', () => {
     expect(result).toBe(expectation);
   });
 
+  it('should return the escaped value if the value wrapped in regex without !~ or =~', () => {
+    const value = '/special/path';
+    const variableMock = queryBuilder().withId('tempVar').withName('tempVar').withMulti(false).build();
+    const result = ds.interpolateQueryExpr(
+      value,
+      variableMock,
+      'select atan(z/sqrt(3.14)), that where path /$tempVar/'
+    );
+    const expectation = `\\/special\\/path`;
+    expect(result).toBe(expectation);
+  });
+
   it('should return the escaped value if the value wrapped in regex', () => {
     const value = '/special/path';
     const variableMock = queryBuilder().withId('tempVar').withName('tempVar').withMulti(false).build();

public/app/plugins/datasource/influxdb/datasource.ts

@@ -360,10 +360,7 @@ export default class InfluxDatasource extends DataSourceWithBackend<InfluxQuery,
     // we want to see how it's been used. If it is used in a regex expression
     // we escape it. Otherwise, we return it directly.
     // The regex below searches for regexes within the query string
-    const regexMatcher = new RegExp(
-      /(\s*(=|!)~\s*)\/((?![*+?])(?:[^\r\n\[/\\]|\\.|\[(?:[^\r\n\]\\]|\\.)*\])+)\/((?:g(?:im?|mi?)?|i(?:gm?|mg?)?|m(?:gi?|ig?)?)?)/,
-      'gm'
-    );
+    const regexMatcher = new RegExp(/(?<=\/).+?(?=\/)/, 'gm');
     // If matches are found this regex is evaluated to check if the variable is contained in the regex /^...$/ (^ and $ is optional)
     // i.e. /^$myVar$/ or /$myVar/ or /^($myVar)$/
     const regex = new RegExp(`\\/(?:\\^)?(.*)(\\$${variable.name})(.*)(?:\\$)?\\/`, 'gm');
@@ -377,14 +374,22 @@ export default class InfluxDatasource extends DataSourceWithBackend<InfluxQuery,
     if (!queryMatches) {
       return value;
     }
-    for (const match of queryMatches) {
-      if (!match.match(regex)) {
-        continue;
+    // Use the variable specific regex against the query
+    if (!query.match(regex)) {
+      return value;
     }
+    for (const match of queryMatches) {
+      // It is expected that the RegExp should be valid. As our regex matcher matches any text between two '/'
+      // we also validate that the expression compiles before assuming it is a regular expression.
+      try {
+        new RegExp(match);
 
         // If the value is a string array first escape them then join them with pipe
         // then put inside parenthesis.
         return typeof value === 'string' ? escapeRegex(value) : `(${value.map((v) => escapeRegex(v)).join('|')})`;
+      } catch (e) {
+        console.warn(`Supplied match is not valid regex: ${match}`);
+      }
     }
 
     return value;

public/app/plugins/panel/text/TextPanelEditor.tsx

@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 import { css, cx } from '@emotion/css';
 import { useMemo } from 'react';
-import AutoSizer from 'react-virtualized-auto-sizer';
 
 import { GrafanaTheme2, StandardEditorProps } from '@grafana/data';
 import {
@@ -25,26 +24,17 @@ export const TextPanelEditor = ({ value, onChange, context }: StandardEditorProp
 
   return (
     <div className={cx(styles.editorBox)}>
-      <AutoSizer disableHeight>
-        {({ width }) => {
-          if (width === 0) {
-            return null;
-          }
-          return (
       <CodeEditor
         value={value}
         onBlur={onChange}
         onSave={onChange}
         language={language}
-              width={width}
+        width="100%"
         showMiniMap={false}
         showLineNumbers={false}
         height="500px"
         getSuggestions={getSuggestions}
       />
-          );
-        }}
-      </AutoSizer>
     </div>
   );
 };
@@ -52,8 +42,6 @@ export const TextPanelEditor = ({ value, onChange, context }: StandardEditorProp
 const getStyles = (theme: GrafanaTheme2) => ({
   editorBox: css({
     label: 'editorBox',
-    border: `1px solid ${theme.colors.border.medium}`,
-    borderRadius: theme.shape.radius.default,
     margin: theme.spacing(0.5, 0),
     width: '100%',
   }),

public/locales/cs-CZ/grafana.json

@@ -10228,7 +10228,7 @@
       "title": "Zdroje dat"
     },
     "databases": {
-      "title": "Databáze"
+      "title": ""
     },
     "datasources": {
       "subtitle": "Přidávejte a konfigurujte zdroje dat",
@@ -11772,6 +11772,8 @@
       "button-cancelling": "",
       "button-next": "Dokončit",
       "button-start": "Zahájit synchronizaci",
+      "check-status-button": "",
+      "check-status-message": "",
       "discard-modal": {
         "body": "Tímto odstraníte konfiguraci úložiště a přijdete o veškerý pokrok. Opravdu chcete zahodit změny?",
         "confirm": "Ano, zahodit",

public/locales/de-DE/grafana.json

@@ -10166,7 +10166,7 @@
       "title": "Datenquellen"
     },
     "databases": {
-      "title": "Datenbanken"
+      "title": ""
     },
     "datasources": {
       "subtitle": "Füge Datenquellen hinzu und konfiguriere sie",
@@ -11692,6 +11692,8 @@
       "button-cancelling": "",
       "button-next": "Fertigstellen",
       "button-start": "Synchronisierung starten",
+      "check-status-button": "",
+      "check-status-message": "",
       "discard-modal": {
         "body": "Dadurch wird die Repository-Konfiguration gelöscht und Sie verlieren alle Fortschritte. Sind Sie sicher, dass Sie Ihre Änderungen verwerfen möchten?",
         "confirm": "Ja, verwerfen",

public/locales/en-US/grafana.json

@@ -3496,6 +3496,7 @@
       "move-modal-field-label": "Folder name",
       "move-modal-text": "This action will move the following content:",
       "move-modal-title": "Move",
+      "move-provisioned-folder": "Move provisioned folder",
       "moving": "Moving...",
       "new-folder-name-required-phrase": "Folder name is required.",
       "selected-mix-resources-modal-text": "You have selected both provisioned and non-provisioned resources. These cannot be processed together. Please select only provisioned resources or only non-provisioned resources and try again.",

public/locales/es-ES/grafana.json

@@ -10166,7 +10166,7 @@
       "title": "Orígenes de datos"
     },
     "databases": {
-      "title": "Bases de datos"
+      "title": ""
     },
     "datasources": {
       "subtitle": "Añadir y configurar orígenes de datos",
@@ -11692,6 +11692,8 @@
       "button-cancelling": "",
       "button-next": "Terminar",
       "button-start": "Iniciar la sincronización",
+      "check-status-button": "",
+      "check-status-message": "",
       "discard-modal": {
         "body": "Esto eliminará la configuración del repositorio y se perderá todo el progreso. ¿Seguro que quieres descartar los cambios?",
         "confirm": "Sí, descartar",

public/locales/fr-FR/grafana.json

@@ -10166,7 +10166,7 @@
       "title": "Sources de données"
     },
     "databases": {
-      "title": "Bases de données"
+      "title": ""
     },
     "datasources": {
       "subtitle": "Ajouter et configurer des sources de données",
@@ -11692,6 +11692,8 @@
       "button-cancelling": "",
       "button-next": "Terminer",
       "button-start": "Commencer la synchronisation",
+      "check-status-button": "",
+      "check-status-message": "",
       "discard-modal": {
         "body": "Cette action supprimera la configuration du dépôt et vous perdrez toutes vos modifications. Voulez-vous vraiment annuler vos modifications ?",
         "confirm": "Oui, annuler",

public/locales/hu-HU/grafana.json

@@ -10166,7 +10166,7 @@
       "title": "Adatforrások"
     },
     "databases": {
-      "title": "Adatbázisok"
+      "title": ""
     },
     "datasources": {
       "subtitle": "Adatforrások hozzáadása és konfigurálása",
@@ -11692,6 +11692,8 @@
       "button-cancelling": "",
       "button-next": "Befejezés",
       "button-start": "Szinkronizálás indítása",
+      "check-status-button": "",
+      "check-status-message": "",
       "discard-modal": {
         "body": "Ez törli az adattár konfigurációját, és az összes előrehaladás el fog veszni. Biztosan elveti a módosításokat?",
         "confirm": "Igen, elvetés",