/*
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
 * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
 * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
 * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
 * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
 * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */
package org.apache.kafka.streams.state.internals;

import org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.Deserializer;
import org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.Serializer;
import org.apache.kafka.common.utils.Bytes;
import org.apache.kafka.streams.kstream.Window;
import org.apache.kafka.streams.kstream.Windowed;
import org.apache.kafka.streams.kstream.internals.TimeWindow;
import org.apache.kafka.streams.state.StateSerdes;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.util.List;

import static org.apache.kafka.streams.state.StateSerdes.TIMESTAMP_SIZE;

public class WindowKeySchema implements RocksDBSegmentedBytesStore.KeySchema {

    private static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(WindowKeySchema.class);

    private static final int SEQNUM_SIZE = 4;
    private static final int SUFFIX_SIZE = TIMESTAMP_SIZE + SEQNUM_SIZE;
    private static final byte[] MIN_SUFFIX = new byte[SUFFIX_SIZE];

    @Override
    public Bytes upperRange(final Bytes key, final long to) {
        if (key == null) {
            return null;
        }
        final byte[] maxSuffix = ByteBuffer.allocate(SUFFIX_SIZE)
            .putLong(to)
            .putInt(Integer.MAX_VALUE)
            .array();

        return OrderedBytes.upperRange(key, maxSuffix);
    }

    @Override
    public Bytes lowerRange(final Bytes key, final long from) {
        if (key == null) {
            return null;
        }
        return OrderedBytes.lowerRange(key, MIN_SUFFIX);
    }

    @Override
    public Bytes lowerRangeFixedSize(final Bytes key, final long from) {
        return WindowKeySchema.toStoreKeyBinary(key, Math.max(0, from), 0);
    }

    @Override
    public Bytes upperRangeFixedSize(final Bytes key, final long to) {
        return WindowKeySchema.toStoreKeyBinary(key, to, Integer.MAX_VALUE);
    }

    @Override
    public long segmentTimestamp(final Bytes key) {
        return WindowKeySchema.extractStoreTimestamp(key.get());
    }

    @Override
    public HasNextCondition hasNextCondition(final Bytes binaryKeyFrom,
                                             final Bytes binaryKeyTo,
                                             final long from,
                                             final long to,
                                             final boolean forward) {
        return iterator -> {
            while (iterator.hasNext()) {
                final Bytes bytes = iterator.peekNextKey();
                final Bytes keyBytes = Bytes.wrap(WindowKeySchema.extractStoreKeyBytes(bytes.get()));
                final long time = WindowKeySchema.extractStoreTimestamp(bytes.get());
                if ((binaryKeyFrom == null || keyBytes.compareTo(binaryKeyFrom) >= 0)
                    && (binaryKeyTo == null || keyBytes.compareTo(binaryKeyTo) <= 0)
                    && time >= from
                    && time <= to) {
                    return true;
                }
                iterator.next();
            }
            return false;
        };
    }

    @Override
    public <S extends Segment> List<S> segmentsToSearch(final Segments<S> segments,
                                                        final long from,
                                                        final long to,
                                                        final boolean forward) {
        return segments.segments(from, to, forward);
    }

    /**
     * Safely construct a time window of the given size,
     * taking care of bounding endMs to Long.MAX_VALUE if necessary
     */
    static TimeWindow timeWindowForSize(final long startMs,
                                        final long windowSize) {
        long endMs = startMs + windowSize;

        if (endMs < 0) {
            LOG.warn("Warning: window end time was truncated to Long.MAX");
            endMs = Long.MAX_VALUE;
        }
        return new TimeWindow(startMs, endMs);
    }

    // for pipe serdes

    public static <K> byte[] toBinary(final Windowed<K> timeKey,
                                      final Serializer<K> serializer,
                                      final String topic) {
        final byte[] bytes = serializer.serialize(topic, timeKey.key());
        final ByteBuffer buf = ByteBuffer.allocate(bytes.length + TIMESTAMP_SIZE);
        buf.put(bytes);
        buf.putLong(timeKey.window().start());

        return buf.array();
    }

    public static <K> Windowed<K> from(final byte[] binaryKey,
                                       final long windowSize,
                                       final Deserializer<K> deserializer,
                                       final String topic) {
        final byte[] bytes = new byte[binaryKey.length - TIMESTAMP_SIZE];
        System.arraycopy(binaryKey, 0, bytes, 0, bytes.length);
        final K key = deserializer.deserialize(topic, bytes);
        final Window window = extractWindow(binaryKey, windowSize);
        return new Windowed<>(key, window);
    }

    private static Window extractWindow(final byte[] binaryKey,
                                        final long windowSize) {
        final ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.wrap(binaryKey);
        final long start = buffer.getLong(binaryKey.length - TIMESTAMP_SIZE);
        return timeWindowForSize(start, windowSize);
    }

    // for store serdes

    public static Bytes toStoreKeyBinary(final Bytes key,
                                         final long timestamp,
                                         final int seqnum) {
        final byte[] serializedKey = key.get();
        return toStoreKeyBinary(serializedKey, timestamp, seqnum);
    }

    public static <K> Bytes toStoreKeyBinary(final K key,
                                             final long timestamp,
                                             final int seqnum,
                                             final StateSerdes<K, ?> serdes) {
        final byte[] serializedKey = serdes.rawKey(key);
        return toStoreKeyBinary(serializedKey, timestamp, seqnum);
    }

    public static Bytes toStoreKeyBinary(final Windowed<Bytes> timeKey,
                                         final int seqnum) {
        final byte[] bytes = timeKey.key().get();
        return toStoreKeyBinary(bytes, timeKey.window().start(), seqnum);
    }

    public static <K> Bytes toStoreKeyBinary(final Windowed<K> timeKey,
                                             final int seqnum,
                                             final StateSerdes<K, ?> serdes) {
        final byte[] serializedKey = serdes.rawKey(timeKey.key());
        return toStoreKeyBinary(serializedKey, timeKey.window().start(), seqnum);
    }

    // package private for testing
    static Bytes toStoreKeyBinary(final byte[] serializedKey,
                                  final long timestamp,
                                  final int seqnum) {
        final ByteBuffer buf = ByteBuffer.allocate(serializedKey.length + TIMESTAMP_SIZE + SEQNUM_SIZE);
        buf.put(serializedKey);
        buf.putLong(timestamp);
        buf.putInt(seqnum);

        return Bytes.wrap(buf.array());
    }

    static byte[] extractStoreKeyBytes(final byte[] binaryKey) {
        final byte[] bytes = new byte[binaryKey.length - TIMESTAMP_SIZE - SEQNUM_SIZE];
        System.arraycopy(binaryKey, 0, bytes, 0, bytes.length);
        return bytes;
    }

    static <K> K extractStoreKey(final byte[] binaryKey,
                                 final StateSerdes<K, ?> serdes) {
        final byte[] bytes = new byte[binaryKey.length - TIMESTAMP_SIZE - SEQNUM_SIZE];
        System.arraycopy(binaryKey, 0, bytes, 0, bytes.length);
        return serdes.keyFrom(bytes);
    }

    static long extractStoreTimestamp(final byte[] binaryKey) {
        return ByteBuffer.wrap(binaryKey).getLong(binaryKey.length - TIMESTAMP_SIZE - SEQNUM_SIZE);
    }

    static int extractStoreSequence(final byte[] binaryKey) {
        return ByteBuffer.wrap(binaryKey).getInt(binaryKey.length - SEQNUM_SIZE);
    }

    public static <K> Windowed<K> fromStoreKey(final byte[] binaryKey,
                                               final long windowSize,
                                               final Deserializer<K> deserializer,
                                               final String topic) {
        final K key = deserializer.deserialize(topic, extractStoreKeyBytes(binaryKey));
        final Window window = extractStoreWindow(binaryKey, windowSize);
        return new Windowed<>(key, window);
    }

    public static <K> Windowed<K> fromStoreKey(final Windowed<Bytes> windowedKey,
                                               final Deserializer<K> deserializer,
                                               final String topic) {
        final K key = deserializer.deserialize(topic, windowedKey.key().get());
        return new Windowed<>(key, windowedKey.window());
    }

    public static Windowed<Bytes> fromStoreBytesKey(final byte[] binaryKey,
                                                    final long windowSize) {
        final Bytes key = Bytes.wrap(extractStoreKeyBytes(binaryKey));
        final Window window = extractStoreWindow(binaryKey, windowSize);
        return new Windowed<>(key, window);
    }

    static Window extractStoreWindow(final byte[] binaryKey,
                                     final long windowSize) {
        final ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.wrap(binaryKey);
        final long start = buffer.getLong(binaryKey.length - TIMESTAMP_SIZE - SEQNUM_SIZE);
        return timeWindowForSize(start, windowSize);
    }
}
