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openssl/apps/genpkey.c

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/*
* Copyright 2006-2025 The OpenSSL Project Authors. All Rights Reserved.
*
* Licensed under the Apache License 2.0 (the "License"). You may not use
* this file except in compliance with the License. You can obtain a copy
* in the file LICENSE in the source distribution or at
* https://www.openssl.org/source/license.html
*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include "apps.h"
#include "progs.h"
#include <openssl/pem.h>
#include <openssl/err.h>
#include <openssl/evp.h>
static int verbose = 1;
static int init_keygen_file(EVP_PKEY_CTX **pctx, const char *file, ENGINE *e,
OSSL_LIB_CTX *libctx, const char *propq);
typedef enum OPTION_choice {
OPT_COMMON,
OPT_ENGINE, OPT_OUTFORM, OPT_OUT, OPT_PASS, OPT_PARAMFILE,
OPT_ALGORITHM, OPT_PKEYOPT, OPT_GENPARAM, OPT_TEXT, OPT_CIPHER,
OPT_VERBOSE, OPT_QUIET, OPT_CONFIG, OPT_OUTPUBKEY,
OPT_PROV_ENUM, OPT_R_ENUM
} OPTION_CHOICE;
const OPTIONS genpkey_options[] = {
OPT_SECTION("General"),
{"help", OPT_HELP, '-', "Display this summary"},
#ifndef OPENSSL_NO_ENGINE
{"engine", OPT_ENGINE, 's', "Use engine, possibly a hardware device"},
#endif
{"paramfile", OPT_PARAMFILE, '<', "Parameters file"},
{"algorithm", OPT_ALGORITHM, 's', "The public key algorithm"},
{"verbose", OPT_VERBOSE, '-', "Output status while generating keys"},
{"quiet", OPT_QUIET, '-', "Do not output status while generating keys"},
{"pkeyopt", OPT_PKEYOPT, 's',
"Set the public key algorithm option as opt:value"},
OPT_CONFIG_OPTION,
OPT_SECTION("Output"),
{"out", OPT_OUT, '>', "Output (private key) file"},
{"outpubkey", OPT_OUTPUBKEY, '>', "Output public key file"},
{"outform", OPT_OUTFORM, 'F', "output format (DER or PEM)"},
{"pass", OPT_PASS, 's', "Output file pass phrase source"},
{"genparam", OPT_GENPARAM, '-', "Generate parameters, not key"},
{"text", OPT_TEXT, '-', "Print the private key in text"},
{"", OPT_CIPHER, '-', "Cipher to use to encrypt the key"},
OPT_PROV_OPTIONS,
OPT_R_OPTIONS,
/* This is deliberately last. */
{OPT_HELP_STR, 1, 1,
"Order of options may be important! See the documentation.\n"},
{NULL}
};
static const char *param_datatype_2name(unsigned int type, int *ishex)
{
*ishex = 0;
switch (type) {
case OSSL_PARAM_INTEGER: return "int";
case OSSL_PARAM_UNSIGNED_INTEGER: return "uint";
case OSSL_PARAM_REAL: return "float";
case OSSL_PARAM_OCTET_STRING: *ishex = 1; return "string";
case OSSL_PARAM_UTF8_STRING: return "string";
default:
return NULL;
}
}
static void show_gen_pkeyopt(const char *algname, OSSL_LIB_CTX *libctx, const char *propq)
{
EVP_PKEY_CTX *ctx = NULL;
const OSSL_PARAM *params;
int i, ishex = 0;
if (algname == NULL)
return;
ctx = EVP_PKEY_CTX_new_from_name(libctx, algname, propq);
if (ctx == NULL)
return;
if (EVP_PKEY_keygen_init(ctx) <= 0)
goto cleanup;
params = EVP_PKEY_CTX_settable_params(ctx);
if (params == NULL)
goto cleanup;
BIO_printf(bio_err, "\nThe possible -pkeyopt arguments are:\n");
for (i = 0; params[i].key != NULL; ++i) {
const char *name = param_datatype_2name(params[i].data_type, &ishex);
if (name != NULL)
BIO_printf(bio_err, " %s%s:%s\n", ishex ? "hex" : "", params[i].key, name);
}
cleanup:
EVP_PKEY_CTX_free(ctx);
}
int genpkey_main(int argc, char **argv)
{
CONF *conf = NULL;
BIO *mem_out = NULL, *mem_outpubkey = NULL;
ENGINE *e = NULL;
EVP_PKEY *pkey = NULL;
EVP_PKEY_CTX *ctx = NULL;
char *outfile = NULL, *passarg = NULL, *pass = NULL, *prog, *p;
char *outpubkeyfile = NULL;
const char *ciphername = NULL, *paramfile = NULL, *algname = NULL;
EVP_CIPHER *cipher = NULL;
OPTION_CHOICE o;
int outformat = FORMAT_PEM, text = 0, ret = 1, rv, do_param = 0;
int private = 0, i;
OSSL_LIB_CTX *libctx = app_get0_libctx();
STACK_OF(OPENSSL_STRING) *keyopt = NULL;
opt_set_unknown_name("cipher");
prog = opt_init(argc, argv, genpkey_options);
keyopt = sk_OPENSSL_STRING_new_null();
if (keyopt == NULL)
goto end;
while ((o = opt_next()) != OPT_EOF) {
switch (o) {
case OPT_EOF:
case OPT_ERR:
opthelp:
BIO_printf(bio_err, "%s: Use -help for summary.\n", prog);
goto end;
case OPT_HELP:
ret = 0;
opt_help(genpkey_options);
show_gen_pkeyopt(algname, libctx, app_get0_propq());
goto end;
case OPT_OUTFORM:
if (!opt_format(opt_arg(), OPT_FMT_PEMDER, &outformat))
goto opthelp;
break;
case OPT_OUT:
outfile = opt_arg();
break;
case OPT_OUTPUBKEY:
outpubkeyfile = opt_arg();
break;
case OPT_PASS:
passarg = opt_arg();
break;
case OPT_ENGINE:
e = setup_engine(opt_arg(), 0);
break;
case OPT_PARAMFILE:
if (do_param == 1)
goto opthelp;
paramfile = opt_arg();
break;
case OPT_ALGORITHM:
algname = opt_arg();
break;
case OPT_PKEYOPT:
if (!sk_OPENSSL_STRING_push(keyopt, opt_arg()))
goto end;
break;
case OPT_QUIET:
verbose = 0;
break;
case OPT_VERBOSE:
verbose = 1;
break;
case OPT_GENPARAM:
do_param = 1;
break;
case OPT_TEXT:
text = 1;
break;
case OPT_CIPHER:
ciphername = opt_unknown();
break;
case OPT_CONFIG:
conf = app_load_config_modules(opt_arg());
if (conf == NULL)
goto end;
break;
case OPT_PROV_CASES:
if (!opt_provider(o))
goto end;
break;
case OPT_R_CASES:
if (!opt_rand(o))
goto end;
break;
}
}
/* No extra arguments. */
if (!opt_check_rest_arg(NULL))
goto opthelp;
if (!app_RAND_load())
goto end;
/* Fetch cipher, etc. */
if (paramfile != NULL) {
if (!init_keygen_file(&ctx, paramfile, e, libctx, app_get0_propq()))
goto end;
}
if (algname != NULL) {
if (!init_gen_str(&ctx, algname, e, do_param, libctx, app_get0_propq()))
goto end;
}
if (ctx == NULL)
goto opthelp;
for (i = 0; i < sk_OPENSSL_STRING_num(keyopt); i++) {
p = sk_OPENSSL_STRING_value(keyopt, i);
if (pkey_ctrl_string(ctx, p) <= 0) {
BIO_printf(bio_err, "%s: Error setting %s parameter:\n", prog, p);
ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
goto end;
}
}
if (!opt_cipher(ciphername, &cipher))
goto opthelp;
if (ciphername != NULL && do_param == 1) {
BIO_printf(bio_err, "Cannot use cipher with -genparam option\n");
goto opthelp;
}
private = do_param ? 0 : 1;
if (!app_passwd(passarg, NULL, &pass, NULL)) {
BIO_puts(bio_err, "Error getting password\n");
goto end;
}
mem_out = BIO_new(BIO_s_mem());
if (mem_out == NULL)
goto end;
BIO_set_mem_eof_return(mem_out, 0);
if (outpubkeyfile != NULL) {
mem_outpubkey = BIO_new(BIO_s_mem());
if (mem_outpubkey == NULL)
goto end;
BIO_set_mem_eof_return(mem_outpubkey, 0);
}
if (verbose)
EVP_PKEY_CTX_set_cb(ctx, progress_cb);
EVP_PKEY_CTX_set_app_data(ctx, bio_err);
pkey = do_param ? app_paramgen(ctx, algname)
: app_keygen(ctx, algname, 0, 0 /* not verbose */);
if (pkey == NULL)
goto end;
if (do_param) {
rv = PEM_write_bio_Parameters(mem_out, pkey);
} else if (outformat == FORMAT_PEM) {
assert(private);
rv = PEM_write_bio_PrivateKey(mem_out, pkey, cipher, NULL, 0, NULL, pass);
if (rv > 0 && mem_outpubkey != NULL)
rv = PEM_write_bio_PUBKEY(mem_outpubkey, pkey);
} else if (outformat == FORMAT_ASN1) {
assert(private);
rv = i2d_PrivateKey_bio(mem_out, pkey);
if (rv > 0 && mem_outpubkey != NULL)
rv = i2d_PUBKEY_bio(mem_outpubkey, pkey);
} else {
BIO_printf(bio_err, "Bad format specified for key\n");
goto end;
}
ret = 0;
if (rv <= 0) {
BIO_puts(bio_err, "Error writing key(s)\n");
ret = 1;
}
if (text) {
if (do_param)
rv = EVP_PKEY_print_params(mem_out, pkey, 0, NULL);
else
rv = EVP_PKEY_print_private(mem_out, pkey, 0, NULL);
if (rv <= 0) {
BIO_puts(bio_err, "Error printing key\n");
ret = 1;
}
}
end:
sk_OPENSSL_STRING_free(keyopt);
if (ret != 0) {
ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
} else {
if (mem_outpubkey != NULL) {
rv = mem_bio_to_file(mem_outpubkey, outpubkeyfile, outformat, private);
if (!rv)
BIO_printf(bio_err, "Error writing to outpubkey: '%s'. Error: %s\n",
outpubkeyfile, strerror(errno));
}
if (mem_out != NULL) {
rv = mem_bio_to_file(mem_out, outfile, outformat, private);
if (!rv)
BIO_printf(bio_err, "Error writing to outfile: '%s'. Error: %s\n",
outfile, strerror(errno));
}
}
EVP_PKEY_free(pkey);
EVP_PKEY_CTX_free(ctx);
EVP_CIPHER_free(cipher);
BIO_free_all(mem_out);
BIO_free_all(mem_outpubkey);
release_engine(e);
OPENSSL_free(pass);
NCONF_free(conf);
return ret;
}
static int init_keygen_file(EVP_PKEY_CTX **pctx, const char *file, ENGINE *e,
OSSL_LIB_CTX *libctx, const char *propq)
{
BIO *pbio;
EVP_PKEY *pkey = NULL;
EVP_PKEY_CTX *ctx = NULL;
if (*pctx) {
BIO_puts(bio_err, "Parameters already set!\n");
return 0;
}
pbio = BIO_new_file(file, "r");
if (pbio == NULL) {
BIO_printf(bio_err, "Can't open parameter file %s\n", file);
return 0;
}
pkey = PEM_read_bio_Parameters_ex(pbio, NULL, libctx, propq);
BIO_free(pbio);
if (pkey == NULL) {
BIO_printf(bio_err, "Error reading parameter file %s\n", file);
return 0;
}
if (e != NULL)
ctx = EVP_PKEY_CTX_new(pkey, e);
else
ctx = EVP_PKEY_CTX_new_from_pkey(libctx, pkey, propq);
if (ctx == NULL)
goto err;
if (EVP_PKEY_keygen_init(ctx) <= 0)
goto err;
EVP_PKEY_free(pkey);
*pctx = ctx;
return 1;
err:
BIO_puts(bio_err, "Error initializing context\n");
ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
EVP_PKEY_CTX_free(ctx);
EVP_PKEY_free(pkey);
return 0;
}
int init_gen_str(EVP_PKEY_CTX **pctx,
const char *algname, ENGINE *e, int do_param,
OSSL_LIB_CTX *libctx, const char *propq)
{
EVP_PKEY_CTX *ctx = NULL;
#ifndef OPENSSL_NO_DEPRECATED_3_6
int pkey_id;
#endif
if (*pctx) {
BIO_puts(bio_err, "Algorithm already set!\n");
return 0;
}
#ifndef OPENSSL_NO_DEPRECATED_3_6
pkey_id = get_legacy_pkey_id(libctx, algname, e);
if (pkey_id != NID_undef)
ctx = EVP_PKEY_CTX_new_id(pkey_id, e);
else
#endif
ctx = EVP_PKEY_CTX_new_from_name(libctx, algname, propq);
if (ctx == NULL)
goto err;
if (do_param) {
if (EVP_PKEY_paramgen_init(ctx) <= 0)
goto err;
} else {
if (EVP_PKEY_keygen_init(ctx) <= 0)
goto err;
}
*pctx = ctx;
return 1;
err:
BIO_printf(bio_err, "Error initializing %s context\n", algname);
ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
EVP_PKEY_CTX_free(ctx);
return 0;
}
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