Merge branch '6.2.x'

# Conflicts:
#	spring-context/src/main/java/org/springframework/cache/interceptor/CacheAspectSupport.java

spring-context/src/main/java/org/springframework/cache/interceptor/AbstractCacheInvoker.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright 2002-2023 the original author or authors.
+ * Copyright 2002-2025 the original author or authors.
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ public abstract class AbstractCacheInvoker {
 				return valueLoader.call();
 			}
 			catch (Exception ex2) {
-				throw new RuntimeException(ex2);
+				throw new Cache.ValueRetrievalException(key, valueLoader, ex);
 			}
 		}
 	}
@@ -122,16 +122,12 @@ public abstract class AbstractCacheInvoker {
 		try {
 			return cache.retrieve(key);
 		}
-		catch (Cache.ValueRetrievalException ex) {
-			throw ex;
-		}
 		catch (RuntimeException ex) {
 			getErrorHandler().handleCacheGetError(ex, cache, key);
 			return null;
 		}
 	}
 
-
 	/**
 	 * Execute {@link Cache#retrieve(Object, Supplier)} on the specified
 	 * {@link Cache} and invoke the error handler if an exception occurs.
@@ -144,9 +140,6 @@ public abstract class AbstractCacheInvoker {
 		try {
 			return cache.retrieve(key, valueLoader);
 		}
-		catch (Cache.ValueRetrievalException ex) {
-			throw ex;
-		}
 		catch (RuntimeException ex) {
 			getErrorHandler().handleCacheGetError(ex, cache, key);
 			return valueLoader.get();

spring-context/src/main/java/org/springframework/cache/interceptor/CacheAspectSupport.java

@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.Optional;
 import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
 import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean;
 import java.util.function.Supplier;
 
 import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
@@ -440,13 +441,40 @@ public abstract class CacheAspectSupport extends AbstractCacheInvoker
 		return cacheHit;
 	}
 
+	@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
 	private @Nullable Object executeSynchronized(CacheOperationInvoker invoker, Method method, CacheOperationContexts contexts) {
 		CacheOperationContext context = contexts.get(CacheableOperation.class).iterator().next();
 		if (isConditionPassing(context, CacheOperationExpressionEvaluator.NO_RESULT)) {
 			Object key = generateKey(context, CacheOperationExpressionEvaluator.NO_RESULT);
 			Cache cache = context.getCaches().iterator().next();
 			if (CompletableFuture.class.isAssignableFrom(method.getReturnType())) {
-				return doRetrieve(cache, key, () -> (CompletableFuture<?>) invokeOperation(invoker));
+				AtomicBoolean invokeFailure = new AtomicBoolean(false);
+				CompletableFuture<?> result = doRetrieve(cache, key,
+						() -> {
+							CompletableFuture<?> invokeResult = ((CompletableFuture<?>) invokeOperation(invoker));
+							if (invokeResult == null) {
+								return null;
+							}
+							return invokeResult.exceptionallyCompose(ex -> {
+								invokeFailure.set(true);
+								return CompletableFuture.failedFuture(ex);
+							});
+						});
+				return result.exceptionallyCompose(ex -> {
+					if (!(ex instanceof RuntimeException rex)) {
+						return CompletableFuture.failedFuture(ex);
+					}
+					try {
+						getErrorHandler().handleCacheGetError(rex, cache, key);
+						if (invokeFailure.get()) {
+							return CompletableFuture.failedFuture(ex);
+						}
+						return (CompletableFuture) invokeOperation(invoker);
+					}
+					catch (Throwable ex2) {
+						return CompletableFuture.failedFuture(ex2);
+					}
+				});
 			}
 			if (this.reactiveCachingHandler != null) {
 				Object returnValue = this.reactiveCachingHandler.executeSynchronized(invoker, method, cache, key);
@@ -505,9 +533,17 @@ public abstract class CacheAspectSupport extends AbstractCacheInvoker
 			if (CompletableFuture.class.isAssignableFrom(context.getMethod().getReturnType())) {
 				CompletableFuture<?> result = doRetrieve(cache, key);
 				if (result != null) {
-					return result.exceptionally(ex -> {
-						getErrorHandler().handleCacheGetError((RuntimeException) ex, cache, key);
-						return null;
+					return result.exceptionallyCompose(ex -> {
+						if (!(ex instanceof RuntimeException rex)) {
+							return CompletableFuture.failedFuture(ex);
+						}
+						try {
+							getErrorHandler().handleCacheGetError(rex, cache, key);
+							return CompletableFuture.completedFuture(null);
+						}
+						catch (Throwable ex2) {
+							return CompletableFuture.failedFuture(ex2);
+						}
 					}).thenCompose(value -> (CompletableFuture<?>) evaluate(
 							(value != null ? CompletableFuture.completedFuture(unwrapCacheValue(value)) : null),
 							invoker, method, contexts));
@@ -1075,31 +1111,71 @@ public abstract class CacheAspectSupport extends AbstractCacheInvoker
 
 		private final ReactiveAdapterRegistry registry = ReactiveAdapterRegistry.getSharedInstance();
 
+		@SuppressWarnings({"rawtypes", "unchecked"})
 		public @Nullable Object executeSynchronized(CacheOperationInvoker invoker, Method method, Cache cache, Object key) {
+			AtomicBoolean invokeFailure = new AtomicBoolean(false);
 			ReactiveAdapter adapter = this.registry.getAdapter(method.getReturnType());
 			if (adapter != null) {
 				if (adapter.isMultiValue()) {
 					// Flux or similar
 					return adapter.fromPublisher(Flux.from(Mono.fromFuture(
-							cache.retrieve(key,
-									() -> Flux.from(adapter.toPublisher(invokeOperation(invoker))).collectList().toFuture())))
-							.flatMap(Flux::fromIterable));
+							doRetrieve(cache, key,
+									() -> Flux.from(adapter.toPublisher(invokeOperation(invoker))).collectList().doOnError(ex -> invokeFailure.set(true)).toFuture())))
+							.flatMap(Flux::fromIterable)
+							.onErrorResume(RuntimeException.class, ex -> {
+								try {
+									getErrorHandler().handleCacheGetError(ex, cache, key);
+									if (invokeFailure.get()) {
+										return Flux.error(ex);
+									}
+									return Flux.from(adapter.toPublisher(invokeOperation(invoker)));
+								}
+								catch (RuntimeException exception) {
+									return Flux.error(exception);
+								}
+							}));
 				}
 				else {
 					// Mono or similar
 					return adapter.fromPublisher(Mono.fromFuture(
-							cache.retrieve(key,
-									() -> Mono.from(adapter.toPublisher(invokeOperation(invoker))).toFuture())));
+							doRetrieve(cache, key,
+									() -> Mono.from(adapter.toPublisher(invokeOperation(invoker))).doOnError(ex -> invokeFailure.set(true)).toFuture()))
+							.onErrorResume(RuntimeException.class, ex -> {
+								try {
+									getErrorHandler().handleCacheGetError(ex, cache, key);
+									if (invokeFailure.get()) {
+										return Mono.error(ex);
+									}
+									return Mono.from(adapter.toPublisher(invokeOperation(invoker)));
+								}
+								catch (RuntimeException exception) {
+									return Mono.error(exception);
+								}
+							}));
 				}
 			}
 			if (KotlinDetector.isSuspendingFunction(method)) {
-				return Mono.fromFuture(cache.retrieve(key, () -> {
-					Mono<?> mono = ((Mono<?>) invokeOperation(invoker));
-					if (mono == null) {
+				return Mono.fromFuture(doRetrieve(cache, key, () -> {
+					Mono<?> mono = (Mono<?>) invokeOperation(invoker);
+					if (mono != null) {
+						mono = mono.doOnError(ex -> invokeFailure.set(true));
+					}
+					else {
 						mono = Mono.empty();
 					}
 					return mono.toFuture();
-				}));
+				})).onErrorResume(RuntimeException.class, ex -> {
+					try {
+						getErrorHandler().handleCacheGetError(ex, cache, key);
+						if (invokeFailure.get()) {
+							return Mono.error(ex);
+						}
+						return (Mono) invokeOperation(invoker);
+					}
+					catch (RuntimeException exception) {
+						return Mono.error(exception);
+					}
+				});
 			}
 			return NOT_HANDLED;
 		}
@@ -1113,7 +1189,7 @@ public abstract class CacheAspectSupport extends AbstractCacheInvoker
 			return NOT_HANDLED;
 		}
 
-		@SuppressWarnings({ "unchecked", "rawtypes" })
+		@SuppressWarnings({"rawtypes", "unchecked"})
 		public @Nullable Object findInCaches(CacheOperationContext context, Cache cache, Object key,
 				CacheOperationInvoker invoker, Method method, CacheOperationContexts contexts) {
 

spring-context/src/main/java/org/springframework/context/aot/AbstractAotProcessor.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright 2002-2024 the original author or authors.
+ * Copyright 2002-2025 the original author or authors.
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 package org.springframework.context.aot;
 
 import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.UncheckedIOException;
 import java.nio.file.Path;
 
 import org.jspecify.annotations.Nullable;
@@ -103,7 +104,7 @@ public abstract class AbstractAotProcessor<T> {
 				FileSystemUtils.deleteRecursively(path);
 			}
 			catch (IOException ex) {
-				throw new RuntimeException("Failed to delete existing output in '" + path + "'");
+				throw new UncheckedIOException("Failed to delete existing output in '" + path + "'", ex);
 			}
 		}
 	}

spring-context/src/main/java/org/springframework/scheduling/annotation/ScheduledAnnotationReactiveSupport.java

@@ -204,9 +204,9 @@ abstract class ScheduledAnnotationReactiveSupport {
 		final Supplier<ScheduledTaskObservationContext> contextSupplier;
 
 		SubscribingRunnable(Publisher<?> publisher, boolean shouldBlock,
-							@Nullable String qualifier, List<Runnable> subscriptionTrackerRegistry,
-							String displayName, Supplier<ObservationRegistry> observationRegistrySupplier,
-							Supplier<ScheduledTaskObservationContext> contextSupplier) {
+				@Nullable String qualifier, List<Runnable> subscriptionTrackerRegistry,
+				String displayName, Supplier<ObservationRegistry> observationRegistrySupplier,
+				Supplier<ScheduledTaskObservationContext> contextSupplier) {
 
 			this.publisher = publisher;
 			this.shouldBlock = shouldBlock;
@@ -234,7 +234,7 @@ abstract class ScheduledAnnotationReactiveSupport {
 					latch.await();
 				}
 				catch (InterruptedException ex) {
-					throw new RuntimeException(ex);
+					Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
 				}
 			}
 			else {

spring-context/src/test/java/org/springframework/cache/annotation/ReactiveCachingTests.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright 2002-2024 the original author or authors.
+ * Copyright 2002-2025 the original author or authors.
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -19,7 +19,9 @@ package org.springframework.cache.annotation;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
 import java.util.concurrent.CompletionException;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean;
 import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicLong;
+import java.util.function.Supplier;
 
 import org.jspecify.annotations.Nullable;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
@@ -40,6 +42,7 @@ import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
 import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
 
 import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
+import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThatExceptionOfType;
 import static org.assertj.core.api.AssertionsForClassTypes.catchThrowable;
 
 /**
@@ -58,8 +61,8 @@ class ReactiveCachingTests {
 			LateCacheHitDeterminationWithValueWrapperConfig.class})
 	void cacheHitDetermination(Class<?> configClass) {
 
-		AnnotationConfigApplicationContext ctx =
-				new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(configClass, ReactiveCacheableService.class);
+		AnnotationConfigApplicationContext ctx = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(
+				configClass, ReactiveCacheableService.class);
 		ReactiveCacheableService service = ctx.getBean(ReactiveCacheableService.class);
 
 		Object key = new Object();
@@ -119,68 +122,6 @@ class ReactiveCachingTests {
 		ctx.close();
 	}
 
-	@Test
-	void cacheErrorHandlerWithLoggingCacheErrorHandler() {
-		AnnotationConfigApplicationContext ctx =
-				new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(ExceptionCacheManager.class, ReactiveCacheableService.class, ErrorHandlerCachingConfiguration.class);
-		ReactiveCacheableService service = ctx.getBean(ReactiveCacheableService.class);
-
-		Object key = new Object();
-		Long r1 = service.cacheFuture(key).join();
-
-		assertThat(r1).isNotNull();
-		assertThat(r1).as("cacheFuture").isEqualTo(0L);
-
-		key = new Object();
-
-		r1 = service.cacheMono(key).block();
-
-		assertThat(r1).isNotNull();
-		assertThat(r1).as("cacheMono").isEqualTo(1L);
-
-		key = new Object();
-
-		r1 = service.cacheFlux(key).blockFirst();
-
-		assertThat(r1).isNotNull();
-		assertThat(r1).as("cacheFlux blockFirst").isEqualTo(2L);
-	}
-
-	@Test
-	void cacheErrorHandlerWithLoggingCacheErrorHandlerAndMethodError() {
-		AnnotationConfigApplicationContext ctx =
-				new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(ExceptionCacheManager.class, ReactiveFailureCacheableService.class, ErrorHandlerCachingConfiguration.class);
-		ReactiveCacheableService service = ctx.getBean(ReactiveCacheableService.class);
-
-		Object key = new Object();
-		StepVerifier.create(service.cacheMono(key))
-				.expectErrorMessage("mono service error")
-				.verify();
-
-		key = new Object();
-		StepVerifier.create(service.cacheFlux(key))
-				.expectErrorMessage("flux service error")
-				.verify();
-	}
-
-	@Test
-	void cacheErrorHandlerWithSimpleCacheErrorHandler() {
-		AnnotationConfigApplicationContext ctx =
-				new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(ExceptionCacheManager.class, ReactiveCacheableService.class);
-		ReactiveCacheableService service = ctx.getBean(ReactiveCacheableService.class);
-
-		Throwable completableFuturThrowable = catchThrowable(() -> service.cacheFuture(new Object()).join());
-		assertThat(completableFuturThrowable).isInstanceOf(CompletionException.class)
-				.extracting(Throwable::getCause)
-				.isInstanceOf(UnsupportedOperationException.class);
-
-		Throwable monoThrowable = catchThrowable(() -> service.cacheMono(new Object()).block());
-		assertThat(monoThrowable).isInstanceOf(UnsupportedOperationException.class);
-
-		Throwable fluxThrowable = catchThrowable(() -> service.cacheFlux(new Object()).blockFirst());
-		assertThat(fluxThrowable).isInstanceOf(UnsupportedOperationException.class);
-	}
-
 	@ParameterizedTest
 	@ValueSource(classes = {EarlyCacheHitDeterminationConfig.class,
 			EarlyCacheHitDeterminationWithoutNullValuesConfig.class,
@@ -188,8 +129,8 @@ class ReactiveCachingTests {
 			LateCacheHitDeterminationWithValueWrapperConfig.class})
 	void fluxCacheDoesntDependOnFirstRequest(Class<?> configClass) {
 
-		AnnotationConfigApplicationContext ctx =
-				new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(configClass, ReactiveCacheableService.class);
+		AnnotationConfigApplicationContext ctx = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(
+				configClass, ReactiveCacheableService.class);
 		ReactiveCacheableService service = ctx.getBean(ReactiveCacheableService.class);
 
 		Object key = new Object();
@@ -207,6 +148,117 @@ class ReactiveCachingTests {
 		ctx.close();
 	}
 
+	@Test
+	void cacheErrorHandlerWithSimpleCacheErrorHandler() {
+		AnnotationConfigApplicationContext ctx = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(
+				ExceptionCacheManager.class, ReactiveCacheableService.class);
+		ReactiveCacheableService service = ctx.getBean(ReactiveCacheableService.class);
+
+		Throwable completableFutureThrowable = catchThrowable(() -> service.cacheFuture(new Object()).join());
+		assertThat(completableFutureThrowable).isInstanceOf(CompletionException.class)
+				.extracting(Throwable::getCause)
+				.isInstanceOf(UnsupportedOperationException.class);
+
+		Throwable monoThrowable = catchThrowable(() -> service.cacheMono(new Object()).block());
+		assertThat(monoThrowable).isInstanceOf(UnsupportedOperationException.class);
+
+		Throwable fluxThrowable = catchThrowable(() -> service.cacheFlux(new Object()).blockFirst());
+		assertThat(fluxThrowable).isInstanceOf(UnsupportedOperationException.class);
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	void cacheErrorHandlerWithSimpleCacheErrorHandlerAndSync() {
+		AnnotationConfigApplicationContext ctx = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(
+				ExceptionCacheManager.class, ReactiveSyncCacheableService.class);
+		ReactiveSyncCacheableService service = ctx.getBean(ReactiveSyncCacheableService.class);
+
+		Throwable completableFutureThrowable = catchThrowable(() -> service.cacheFuture(new Object()).join());
+		assertThat(completableFutureThrowable).isInstanceOf(CompletionException.class)
+				.extracting(Throwable::getCause)
+				.isInstanceOf(UnsupportedOperationException.class);
+
+		Throwable monoThrowable = catchThrowable(() -> service.cacheMono(new Object()).block());
+		assertThat(monoThrowable).isInstanceOf(UnsupportedOperationException.class);
+
+		Throwable fluxThrowable = catchThrowable(() -> service.cacheFlux(new Object()).blockFirst());
+		assertThat(fluxThrowable).isInstanceOf(UnsupportedOperationException.class);
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	void cacheErrorHandlerWithLoggingCacheErrorHandler() {
+		AnnotationConfigApplicationContext ctx = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(
+				ExceptionCacheManager.class, ReactiveCacheableService.class, ErrorHandlerCachingConfiguration.class);
+		ReactiveCacheableService service = ctx.getBean(ReactiveCacheableService.class);
+
+		Long r1 = service.cacheFuture(new Object()).join();
+		assertThat(r1).isNotNull();
+		assertThat(r1).as("cacheFuture").isEqualTo(0L);
+
+		r1 = service.cacheMono(new Object()).block();
+		assertThat(r1).isNotNull();
+		assertThat(r1).as("cacheMono").isEqualTo(1L);
+
+		r1 = service.cacheFlux(new Object()).blockFirst();
+		assertThat(r1).isNotNull();
+		assertThat(r1).as("cacheFlux blockFirst").isEqualTo(2L);
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	void cacheErrorHandlerWithLoggingCacheErrorHandlerAndSync() {
+		AnnotationConfigApplicationContext ctx =
+				new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(ExceptionCacheManager.class, ReactiveSyncCacheableService.class, ErrorHandlerCachingConfiguration.class);
+		ReactiveSyncCacheableService service = ctx.getBean(ReactiveSyncCacheableService.class);
+
+		Long r1 = service.cacheFuture(new Object()).join();
+		assertThat(r1).isNotNull();
+		assertThat(r1).as("cacheFuture").isEqualTo(0L);
+
+		r1 = service.cacheMono(new Object()).block();
+		assertThat(r1).isNotNull();
+		assertThat(r1).as("cacheMono").isEqualTo(1L);
+
+		r1 = service.cacheFlux(new Object()).blockFirst();
+		assertThat(r1).isNotNull();
+		assertThat(r1).as("cacheFlux blockFirst").isEqualTo(2L);
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	void cacheErrorHandlerWithLoggingCacheErrorHandlerAndOperationException() {
+		AnnotationConfigApplicationContext ctx =
+				new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(EarlyCacheHitDeterminationConfig.class, ReactiveFailureCacheableService.class, ErrorHandlerCachingConfiguration.class);
+		ReactiveFailureCacheableService service = ctx.getBean(ReactiveFailureCacheableService.class);
+
+		assertThatExceptionOfType(CompletionException.class).isThrownBy(() -> service.cacheFuture(new Object()).join())
+				.withMessage(IllegalStateException.class.getName() + ": future service error");
+
+		StepVerifier.create(service.cacheMono(new Object()))
+				.expectErrorMessage("mono service error")
+				.verify();
+
+		StepVerifier.create(service.cacheFlux(new Object()))
+				.expectErrorMessage("flux service error")
+				.verify();
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	void cacheErrorHandlerWithLoggingCacheErrorHandlerAndOperationExceptionAndSync() {
+		AnnotationConfigApplicationContext ctx =
+				new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(EarlyCacheHitDeterminationConfig.class, ReactiveSyncFailureCacheableService.class, ErrorHandlerCachingConfiguration.class);
+		ReactiveSyncFailureCacheableService service = ctx.getBean(ReactiveSyncFailureCacheableService.class);
+
+		assertThatExceptionOfType(CompletionException.class).isThrownBy(() -> service.cacheFuture(new Object()).join())
+				.withMessage(IllegalStateException.class.getName() + ": future service error");
+
+		StepVerifier.create(service.cacheMono(new Object()))
+				.expectErrorMessage("mono service error")
+				.verify();
+
+		StepVerifier.create(service.cacheFlux(new Object()))
+				.expectErrorMessage("flux service error")
+				.verify();
+	}
+
+
 	@CacheConfig(cacheNames = "first")
 	static class ReactiveCacheableService {
 
@@ -232,16 +284,94 @@ class ReactiveCachingTests {
 		}
 	}
 
+
 	@CacheConfig(cacheNames = "first")
-	static class ReactiveFailureCacheableService extends ReactiveCacheableService {
+	static class ReactiveSyncCacheableService {
+
+		private final AtomicLong counter = new AtomicLong();
+
+		@Cacheable(sync = true)
+		CompletableFuture<Long> cacheFuture(Object arg) {
+			return CompletableFuture.completedFuture(this.counter.getAndIncrement());
+		}
+
+		@Cacheable(sync = true)
+		Mono<Long> cacheMono(Object arg) {
+			return Mono.defer(() -> Mono.just(this.counter.getAndIncrement()));
+		}
+
+		@Cacheable(sync = true)
+		Flux<Long> cacheFlux(Object arg) {
+			return Flux.defer(() -> Flux.just(this.counter.getAndIncrement(), 0L, -1L, -2L, -3L));
+		}
+	}
+
+
+	@CacheConfig(cacheNames = "first")
+	static class ReactiveFailureCacheableService {
+
+		private final AtomicBoolean cacheFutureInvoked = new AtomicBoolean();
+
+		private final AtomicBoolean cacheMonoInvoked = new AtomicBoolean();
+
+		private final AtomicBoolean cacheFluxInvoked = new AtomicBoolean();
+
+		@Cacheable
+		CompletableFuture<Long> cacheFuture(Object arg) {
+			if (!this.cacheFutureInvoked.compareAndSet(false, true)) {
+				return CompletableFuture.failedFuture(new IllegalStateException("future service invoked twice"));
+			}
+			return CompletableFuture.failedFuture(new IllegalStateException("future service error"));
+		}
 
 		@Cacheable
 		Mono<Long> cacheMono(Object arg) {
+			if (!this.cacheMonoInvoked.compareAndSet(false, true)) {
+				return Mono.error(new IllegalStateException("mono service invoked twice"));
+			}
 			return Mono.error(new IllegalStateException("mono service error"));
 		}
 
 		@Cacheable
 		Flux<Long> cacheFlux(Object arg) {
+			if (!this.cacheFluxInvoked.compareAndSet(false, true)) {
+				return Flux.error(new IllegalStateException("flux service invoked twice"));
+			}
+			return Flux.error(new IllegalStateException("flux service error"));
+		}
+	}
+
+
+	@CacheConfig(cacheNames = "first")
+	static class ReactiveSyncFailureCacheableService {
+
+		private final AtomicBoolean cacheFutureInvoked = new AtomicBoolean();
+
+		private final AtomicBoolean cacheMonoInvoked = new AtomicBoolean();
+
+		private final AtomicBoolean cacheFluxInvoked = new AtomicBoolean();
+
+		@Cacheable(sync = true)
+		CompletableFuture<Long> cacheFuture(Object arg) {
+			if (!this.cacheFutureInvoked.compareAndSet(false, true)) {
+				return CompletableFuture.failedFuture(new IllegalStateException("future service invoked twice"));
+			}
+			return CompletableFuture.failedFuture(new IllegalStateException("future service error"));
+		}
+
+		@Cacheable(sync = true)
+		Mono<Long> cacheMono(Object arg) {
+			if (!this.cacheMonoInvoked.compareAndSet(false, true)) {
+				return Mono.error(new IllegalStateException("mono service invoked twice"));
+			}
+			return Mono.error(new IllegalStateException("mono service error"));
+		}
+
+		@Cacheable(sync = true)
+		Flux<Long> cacheFlux(Object arg) {
+			if (!this.cacheFluxInvoked.compareAndSet(false, true)) {
+				return Flux.error(new IllegalStateException("flux service invoked twice"));
+			}
 			return Flux.error(new IllegalStateException("flux service error"));
 		}
 	}
@@ -323,6 +453,7 @@ class ReactiveCachingTests {
 		}
 	}
 
+
 	@Configuration
 	static class ErrorHandlerCachingConfiguration implements CachingConfigurer {
 
@@ -333,6 +464,7 @@ class ReactiveCachingTests {
 		}
 	}
 
+
 	@Configuration(proxyBeanMethods = false)
 	@EnableCaching
 	static class ExceptionCacheManager {
@@ -345,11 +477,12 @@ class ReactiveCachingTests {
 					return new ConcurrentMapCache(name, isAllowNullValues()) {
 						@Override
 						public CompletableFuture<?> retrieve(Object key) {
-							return CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> {
-								throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Test exception on retrieve");
-							});
+							return CompletableFuture.failedFuture(new UnsupportedOperationException("Test exception on retrieve"));
+						}
+						@Override
+						public <T> CompletableFuture<T> retrieve(Object key, Supplier<CompletableFuture<T>> valueLoader) {
+							return CompletableFuture.failedFuture(new UnsupportedOperationException("Test exception on retrieve"));
 						}
-
 						@Override
 						public void put(Object key, @Nullable Object value) {
 							throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Test exception on put");

spring-test/src/main/java/org/springframework/test/web/servlet/setup/AbstractMockMvcBuilder.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright 2002-2023 the original author or authors.
+ * Copyright 2002-2025 the original author or authors.
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ public abstract class AbstractMockMvcBuilder<B extends AbstractMockMvcBuilder<B>
 					filterDecorator.initIfRequired(servletContext);
 				}
 				catch (ServletException ex) {
-					throw new RuntimeException("Failed to initialize Filter " + filter, ex);
+					throw new IllegalStateException("Failed to initialize Filter " + filter, ex);
 				}
 			}
 		}

spring-webmvc/src/main/java/org/springframework/web/servlet/SmartView.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright 2002-2024 the original author or authors.
+ * Copyright 2002-2025 the original author or authors.
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -27,7 +27,6 @@ import java.util.Locale;
  */
 public interface SmartView extends View {
 
-
 	/**
 	 * Whether the view performs a redirect.
 	 */

spring-webmvc/src/main/java/org/springframework/web/servlet/mvc/method/annotation/ResponseBodyEmitterReturnValueHandler.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright 2002-2024 the original author or authors.
+ * Copyright 2002-2025 the original author or authors.
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -404,7 +404,7 @@ public class ResponseBodyEmitterReturnValueHandler implements HandlerMethodRetur
 				throw ex;
 			}
 			catch (Exception ex) {
-				throw new RuntimeException("Failed to render " + modelAndView, ex);
+				throw new IllegalStateException("Failed to render " + modelAndView, ex);
 			}
 			finally {
 				RequestContextHolder.resetRequestAttributes();