[[oauth2client]]
== OAuth 2.0 Client

The OAuth 2.0 Client features provide support for the Client role as defined in the https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6749#section-1.1[OAuth 2.0 Authorization Framework].

At a high-level, the core features available are:

.Authorization Grant support
* https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6749#section-1.3.1[Authorization Code]
* https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6749#section-6[Refresh Token]
* https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6749#section-1.3.4[Client Credentials]
* https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6749#section-1.3.3[Resource Owner Password Credentials]

.HTTP Client support
* <<oauth2Client-webclient-servlet, `WebClient` integration for Servlet Environments>> (for requesting protected resources)

The `HttpSecurity.oauth2Client()` DSL provides a number of configuration options for customizing the core components used by OAuth 2.0 Client.
In addition, `HttpSecurity.oauth2Client().authorizationCodeGrant()` enables the customization of the Authorization Code grant.

The following code shows the complete configuration options provided by the `HttpSecurity.oauth2Client()` DSL:

.OAuth2 Client Configuration Options
====
.Java
[source,java,role="primary"]
----
@EnableWebSecurity
public class OAuth2ClientSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

	@Override
	protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
		http
			.oauth2Client(oauth2 -> oauth2
				.clientRegistrationRepository(this.clientRegistrationRepository())
				.authorizedClientRepository(this.authorizedClientRepository())
				.authorizedClientService(this.authorizedClientService())
				.authorizationCodeGrant(codeGrant -> codeGrant
					.authorizationRequestRepository(this.authorizationRequestRepository())
					.authorizationRequestResolver(this.authorizationRequestResolver())
					.accessTokenResponseClient(this.accessTokenResponseClient())
				)
			);
	}
}
----

.Kotlin
[source,kotlin,role="secondary"]
----
@EnableWebSecurity
class OAuth2ClientSecurityConfig : WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter() {

    override fun configure(http: HttpSecurity) {
        http {
            oauth2Client {
                clientRegistrationRepository = clientRegistrationRepository()
                authorizedClientRepository = authorizedClientRepository()
                authorizedClientService = authorizedClientService()
                authorizationCodeGrant {
                    authorizationRequestRepository = authorizationRequestRepository()
                    authorizationRequestResolver = authorizationRequestResolver()
                    accessTokenResponseClient = accessTokenResponseClient()
                }
            }
        }
    }
}
----
====

In addition to the `HttpSecurity.oauth2Client()` DSL, XML configuration is also supported.

The following code shows the complete configuration options available in the <<nsa-oauth2-client, security namespace>>:

.OAuth2 Client XML Configuration Options
====
[source,xml]
----
<http>
	<oauth2-client client-registration-repository-ref="clientRegistrationRepository"
				   authorized-client-repository-ref="authorizedClientRepository"
				   authorized-client-service-ref="authorizedClientService">
		<authorization-code-grant
				authorization-request-repository-ref="authorizationRequestRepository"
				authorization-request-resolver-ref="authorizationRequestResolver"
				access-token-response-client-ref="accessTokenResponseClient"/>
	</oauth2-client>
</http>
----
====

The `OAuth2AuthorizedClientManager` is responsible for managing the authorization (or re-authorization) of an OAuth 2.0 Client, in collaboration with one or more `OAuth2AuthorizedClientProvider`(s).

The following code shows an example of how to register an `OAuth2AuthorizedClientManager` `@Bean` and associate it with an `OAuth2AuthorizedClientProvider` composite that provides support for the `authorization_code`, `refresh_token`, `client_credentials` and `password` authorization grant types:

====
.Java
[source,java,role="primary"]
----
@Bean
public OAuth2AuthorizedClientManager authorizedClientManager(
		ClientRegistrationRepository clientRegistrationRepository,
		OAuth2AuthorizedClientRepository authorizedClientRepository) {

	OAuth2AuthorizedClientProvider authorizedClientProvider =
			OAuth2AuthorizedClientProviderBuilder.builder()
					.authorizationCode()
					.refreshToken()
					.clientCredentials()
					.password()
					.build();

	DefaultOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager authorizedClientManager =
			new DefaultOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager(
					clientRegistrationRepository, authorizedClientRepository);
	authorizedClientManager.setAuthorizedClientProvider(authorizedClientProvider);

	return authorizedClientManager;
}
----

.Kotlin
[source,kotlin,role="secondary"]
----
@Bean
fun authorizedClientManager(
        clientRegistrationRepository: ClientRegistrationRepository,
        authorizedClientRepository: OAuth2AuthorizedClientRepository): OAuth2AuthorizedClientManager {
    val authorizedClientProvider: OAuth2AuthorizedClientProvider = OAuth2AuthorizedClientProviderBuilder.builder()
            .authorizationCode()
            .refreshToken()
            .clientCredentials()
            .password()
            .build()
    val authorizedClientManager = DefaultOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager(
            clientRegistrationRepository, authorizedClientRepository)
    authorizedClientManager.setAuthorizedClientProvider(authorizedClientProvider)
    return authorizedClientManager
}
----
====

The following sections will go into more detail on the core components used by OAuth 2.0 Client and the configuration options available:

* <<oauth2Client-core-interface-class>>
** <<oauth2Client-client-registration, ClientRegistration>>
** <<oauth2Client-client-registration-repo, ClientRegistrationRepository>>
** <<oauth2Client-authorized-client, OAuth2AuthorizedClient>>
** <<oauth2Client-authorized-repo-service, OAuth2AuthorizedClientRepository / OAuth2AuthorizedClientService>>
** <<oauth2Client-authorized-manager-provider, OAuth2AuthorizedClientManager / OAuth2AuthorizedClientProvider>>
* <<oauth2Client-auth-grant-support>>
** <<oauth2Client-auth-code-grant, Authorization Code>>
** <<oauth2Client-refresh-token-grant, Refresh Token>>
** <<oauth2Client-client-creds-grant, Client Credentials>>
** <<oauth2Client-password-grant, Resource Owner Password Credentials>>
* <<oauth2Client-additional-features>>
** <<oauth2Client-registered-authorized-client, Resolving an Authorized Client>>
* <<oauth2Client-webclient-servlet>>


[[oauth2Client-core-interface-class]]
=== Core Interfaces / Classes


[[oauth2Client-client-registration]]
==== ClientRegistration

`ClientRegistration` is a representation of a client registered with an OAuth 2.0 or OpenID Connect 1.0 Provider.

A client registration holds information, such as client id, client secret, authorization grant type, redirect URI, scope(s), authorization URI, token URI, and other details.

`ClientRegistration` and its properties are defined as follows:

[source,java]
----
public final class ClientRegistration {
	private String registrationId;	<1>
	private String clientId;	<2>
	private String clientSecret;	<3>
	private ClientAuthenticationMethod clientAuthenticationMethod;	<4>
	private AuthorizationGrantType authorizationGrantType;	<5>
	private String redirectUri;	<6>
	private Set<String> scopes;	<7>
	private ProviderDetails providerDetails;
	private String clientName;	<8>

	public class ProviderDetails {
		private String authorizationUri;	<9>
		private String tokenUri;	<10>
		private UserInfoEndpoint userInfoEndpoint;
		private String jwkSetUri;	<11>
		private String issuerUri;	<12>
        private Map<String, Object> configurationMetadata;  <13>

		public class UserInfoEndpoint {
			private String uri;	<14>
            private AuthenticationMethod authenticationMethod;  <15>
			private String userNameAttributeName;	<16>

		}
	}
}
----
<1> `registrationId`: The ID that uniquely identifies the `ClientRegistration`.
<2> `clientId`: The client identifier.
<3> `clientSecret`: The client secret.
<4> `clientAuthenticationMethod`: The method used to authenticate the Client with the Provider.
The supported values are *client_secret_basic*, *client_secret_post* and *none* https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6749#section-2.1[(public clients)].
<5> `authorizationGrantType`: The OAuth 2.0 Authorization Framework defines four https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6749#section-1.3[Authorization Grant] types.
 The supported values are `authorization_code`, `client_credentials` and `password`.
<6> `redirectUri`: The client's registered redirect URI that the _Authorization Server_ redirects the end-user's user-agent
 to after the end-user has authenticated and authorized access to the client.
<7> `scopes`: The scope(s) requested by the client during the Authorization Request flow, such as openid, email, or profile.
<8> `clientName`: A descriptive name used for the client.
The name may be used in certain scenarios, such as when displaying the name of the client in the auto-generated login page.
<9> `authorizationUri`: The Authorization Endpoint URI for the Authorization Server.
<10> `tokenUri`: The Token Endpoint URI for the Authorization Server.
<11> `jwkSetUri`: The URI used to retrieve the https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7517[JSON Web Key (JWK)] Set from the Authorization Server,
 which contains the cryptographic key(s) used to verify the https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7515[JSON Web Signature (JWS)] of the ID Token and optionally the UserInfo Response.
<12> `issuerUri`: Returns the issuer identifier uri for the OpenID Connect 1.0 provider or the OAuth 2.0 Authorization Server.
<13> `configurationMetadata`: The https://openid.net/specs/openid-connect-discovery-1_0.html#ProviderConfig[OpenID Provider Configuration Information].
 This information will only be available if the Spring Boot 2.x property `spring.security.oauth2.client.provider.[providerId].issuerUri` is configured.
<14> `(userInfoEndpoint)uri`: The UserInfo Endpoint URI used to access the claims/attributes of the authenticated end-user.
<15> `(userInfoEndpoint)authenticationMethod`: The authentication method used when sending the access token to the UserInfo Endpoint.
The supported values are *header*, *form* and *query*.
<16> `userNameAttributeName`: The name of the attribute returned in the UserInfo Response that references the Name or Identifier of the end-user.

A `ClientRegistration` can be initially configured using discovery of an OpenID Connect Provider's https://openid.net/specs/openid-connect-discovery-1_0.html#ProviderConfig[Configuration endpoint] or an Authorization Server's https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc8414#section-3[Metadata endpoint].

`ClientRegistrations` provides convenience methods for configuring a `ClientRegistration` in this way, as can be seen in the following example:

====
.Java
[source,java,role="primary"]
----
ClientRegistration clientRegistration =
    ClientRegistrations.fromIssuerLocation("https://idp.example.com/issuer").build();
----

.Kotlin
[source,kotlin,role="secondary"]
----
val clientRegistration = ClientRegistrations.fromIssuerLocation("https://idp.example.com/issuer").build()
----
====

The above code will query in series `https://idp.example.com/issuer/.well-known/openid-configuration`, and then `https://idp.example.com/.well-known/openid-configuration/issuer`, and finally `https://idp.example.com/.well-known/oauth-authorization-server/issuer`, stopping at the first to return a 200 response.

As an alternative, you can use `ClientRegistrations.fromOidcIssuerLocation()` to only query the OpenID Connect Provider's Configuration endpoint.

[[oauth2Client-client-registration-repo]]
==== ClientRegistrationRepository

The `ClientRegistrationRepository` serves as a repository for OAuth 2.0 / OpenID Connect 1.0 `ClientRegistration`(s).

[NOTE]
Client registration information is ultimately stored and owned by the associated Authorization Server.
This repository provides the ability to retrieve a sub-set of the primary client registration information, which is stored with the Authorization Server.

Spring Boot 2.x auto-configuration binds each of the properties under `spring.security.oauth2.client.registration._[registrationId]_` to an instance of `ClientRegistration` and then composes each of the `ClientRegistration` instance(s) within a `ClientRegistrationRepository`.

[NOTE]
The default implementation of `ClientRegistrationRepository` is `InMemoryClientRegistrationRepository`.

The auto-configuration also registers the `ClientRegistrationRepository` as a `@Bean` in the `ApplicationContext` so that it is available for dependency-injection, if needed by the application.

The following listing shows an example:

====
.Java
[source,java,role="primary"]
----
@Controller
public class OAuth2ClientController {

	@Autowired
	private ClientRegistrationRepository clientRegistrationRepository;

	@GetMapping("/")
	public String index() {
		ClientRegistration oktaRegistration =
			this.clientRegistrationRepository.findByRegistrationId("okta");

		...

		return "index";
	}
}
----

.Kotlin
[source,kotlin,role="secondary"]
----
@Controller
class OAuth2ClientController {

    @Autowired
    private lateinit var clientRegistrationRepository: ClientRegistrationRepository

    @GetMapping("/")
    fun index(): String {
        val oktaRegistration =
                this.clientRegistrationRepository.findByRegistrationId("okta")

        //...

        return "index";
    }
}
----
====

[[oauth2Client-authorized-client]]
==== OAuth2AuthorizedClient

`OAuth2AuthorizedClient` is a representation of an Authorized Client.
A client is considered to be authorized when the end-user (Resource Owner) has granted authorization to the client to access its protected resources.

`OAuth2AuthorizedClient` serves the purpose of associating an `OAuth2AccessToken` (and optional `OAuth2RefreshToken`) to a `ClientRegistration` (client) and resource owner, who is the `Principal` end-user that granted the authorization.


[[oauth2Client-authorized-repo-service]]
==== OAuth2AuthorizedClientRepository / OAuth2AuthorizedClientService

`OAuth2AuthorizedClientRepository` is responsible for persisting `OAuth2AuthorizedClient`(s) between web requests.
Whereas, the primary role of `OAuth2AuthorizedClientService` is to manage `OAuth2AuthorizedClient`(s) at the application-level.

From a developer perspective, the `OAuth2AuthorizedClientRepository` or `OAuth2AuthorizedClientService` provides the capability to lookup an `OAuth2AccessToken` associated with a client so that it may be used to initiate a protected resource request.

The following listing shows an example:

====
.Java
[source,java,role="primary"]
----
@Controller
public class OAuth2ClientController {

    @Autowired
    private OAuth2AuthorizedClientService authorizedClientService;

    @GetMapping("/")
    public String index(Authentication authentication) {
        OAuth2AuthorizedClient authorizedClient =
            this.authorizedClientService.loadAuthorizedClient("okta", authentication.getName());

        OAuth2AccessToken accessToken = authorizedClient.getAccessToken();

        ...

        return "index";
    }
}
----

.Kotlin
[source,kotlin,role="secondary"]
----
@Controller
class OAuth2ClientController {

    @Autowired
    private lateinit var authorizedClientService: OAuth2AuthorizedClientService

    @GetMapping("/")
    fun index(authentication: Authentication): String {
        val authorizedClient: OAuth2AuthorizedClient =
            this.authorizedClientService.loadAuthorizedClient("okta", authentication.getName());
        val accessToken = authorizedClient.accessToken

        ...

        return "index";
    }
}
----
====

[NOTE]
Spring Boot 2.x auto-configuration registers an `OAuth2AuthorizedClientRepository` and/or `OAuth2AuthorizedClientService` `@Bean` in the `ApplicationContext`.
However, the application may choose to override and register a custom `OAuth2AuthorizedClientRepository` or `OAuth2AuthorizedClientService` `@Bean`.

The default implementation of `OAuth2AuthorizedClientService` is `InMemoryOAuth2AuthorizedClientService`, which stores `OAuth2AuthorizedClient`(s) in-memory.

Alternatively, the JDBC implementation `JdbcOAuth2AuthorizedClientService` may be configured for persisting `OAuth2AuthorizedClient`(s) in a database.

[NOTE]
`JdbcOAuth2AuthorizedClientService` depends on the table definition described in <<dbschema-oauth2-client, OAuth 2.0 Client Schema>>.


[[oauth2Client-authorized-manager-provider]]
==== OAuth2AuthorizedClientManager / OAuth2AuthorizedClientProvider

The `OAuth2AuthorizedClientManager` is responsible for the overall management of `OAuth2AuthorizedClient`(s).

The primary responsibilities include:

* Authorizing (or re-authorizing) an OAuth 2.0 Client, using an `OAuth2AuthorizedClientProvider`.
* Delegating the persistence of an `OAuth2AuthorizedClient`, typically using an `OAuth2AuthorizedClientService` or `OAuth2AuthorizedClientRepository`.
* Delegating to an `OAuth2AuthorizationSuccessHandler` when an OAuth 2.0 Client has been successfully authorized (or re-authorized).
* Delegating to an `OAuth2AuthorizationFailureHandler` when an OAuth 2.0 Client fails to authorize (or re-authorize).

An `OAuth2AuthorizedClientProvider` implements a strategy for authorizing (or re-authorizing) an OAuth 2.0 Client.
Implementations will typically implement an authorization grant type, eg. `authorization_code`, `client_credentials`, etc.

The default implementation of `OAuth2AuthorizedClientManager` is `DefaultOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager`, which is associated with an `OAuth2AuthorizedClientProvider` that may support multiple authorization grant types using a delegation-based composite.
The `OAuth2AuthorizedClientProviderBuilder` may be used to configure and build the delegation-based composite.

The following code shows an example of how to configure and build an `OAuth2AuthorizedClientProvider` composite that provides support for the `authorization_code`, `refresh_token`, `client_credentials` and `password` authorization grant types:

====
.Java
[source,java,role="primary"]
----
@Bean
public OAuth2AuthorizedClientManager authorizedClientManager(
		ClientRegistrationRepository clientRegistrationRepository,
		OAuth2AuthorizedClientRepository authorizedClientRepository) {

	OAuth2AuthorizedClientProvider authorizedClientProvider =
			OAuth2AuthorizedClientProviderBuilder.builder()
					.authorizationCode()
					.refreshToken()
					.clientCredentials()
					.password()
					.build();

	DefaultOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager authorizedClientManager =
			new DefaultOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager(
					clientRegistrationRepository, authorizedClientRepository);
	authorizedClientManager.setAuthorizedClientProvider(authorizedClientProvider);

	return authorizedClientManager;
}
----

.Kotlin
[source,kotlin,role="secondary"]
----
@Bean
fun authorizedClientManager(
        clientRegistrationRepository: ClientRegistrationRepository,
        authorizedClientRepository: OAuth2AuthorizedClientRepository): OAuth2AuthorizedClientManager {
    val authorizedClientProvider = OAuth2AuthorizedClientProviderBuilder.builder()
            .authorizationCode()
            .refreshToken()
            .clientCredentials()
            .password()
            .build()
    val authorizedClientManager = DefaultOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager(
            clientRegistrationRepository, authorizedClientRepository)
    authorizedClientManager.setAuthorizedClientProvider(authorizedClientProvider)
    return authorizedClientManager
}
----
====

When an authorization attempt succeeds, the `DefaultOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager` will delegate to the `OAuth2AuthorizationSuccessHandler`, which (by default) will save the `OAuth2AuthorizedClient` via the `OAuth2AuthorizedClientRepository`.
In the case of a re-authorization failure, eg. a refresh token is no longer valid, the previously saved `OAuth2AuthorizedClient` will be removed from the `OAuth2AuthorizedClientRepository` via the `RemoveAuthorizedClientOAuth2AuthorizationFailureHandler`.
The default behaviour may be customized via `setAuthorizationSuccessHandler(OAuth2AuthorizationSuccessHandler)` and `setAuthorizationFailureHandler(OAuth2AuthorizationFailureHandler)`.

The `DefaultOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager` is also associated with a `contextAttributesMapper` of type `Function<OAuth2AuthorizeRequest, Map<String, Object>>`, which is responsible for mapping attribute(s) from the `OAuth2AuthorizeRequest` to a `Map` of attributes to be associated to the `OAuth2AuthorizationContext`.
This can be useful when you need to supply an `OAuth2AuthorizedClientProvider` with required (supported) attribute(s), eg. the `PasswordOAuth2AuthorizedClientProvider` requires the resource owner's `username` and `password` to be available in `OAuth2AuthorizationContext.getAttributes()`.

The following code shows an example of the `contextAttributesMapper`:

====
.Java
[source,java,role="primary"]
----
@Bean
public OAuth2AuthorizedClientManager authorizedClientManager(
		ClientRegistrationRepository clientRegistrationRepository,
		OAuth2AuthorizedClientRepository authorizedClientRepository) {

	OAuth2AuthorizedClientProvider authorizedClientProvider =
			OAuth2AuthorizedClientProviderBuilder.builder()
					.password()
					.refreshToken()
					.build();

	DefaultOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager authorizedClientManager =
			new DefaultOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager(
					clientRegistrationRepository, authorizedClientRepository);
	authorizedClientManager.setAuthorizedClientProvider(authorizedClientProvider);

	// Assuming the `username` and `password` are supplied as `HttpServletRequest` parameters,
	// map the `HttpServletRequest` parameters to `OAuth2AuthorizationContext.getAttributes()`
	authorizedClientManager.setContextAttributesMapper(contextAttributesMapper());

	return authorizedClientManager;
}

private Function<OAuth2AuthorizeRequest, Map<String, Object>> contextAttributesMapper() {
	return authorizeRequest -> {
		Map<String, Object> contextAttributes = Collections.emptyMap();
		HttpServletRequest servletRequest = authorizeRequest.getAttribute(HttpServletRequest.class.getName());
		String username = servletRequest.getParameter(OAuth2ParameterNames.USERNAME);
		String password = servletRequest.getParameter(OAuth2ParameterNames.PASSWORD);
		if (StringUtils.hasText(username) && StringUtils.hasText(password)) {
			contextAttributes = new HashMap<>();

			// `PasswordOAuth2AuthorizedClientProvider` requires both attributes
			contextAttributes.put(OAuth2AuthorizationContext.USERNAME_ATTRIBUTE_NAME, username);
			contextAttributes.put(OAuth2AuthorizationContext.PASSWORD_ATTRIBUTE_NAME, password);
		}
		return contextAttributes;
	};
}
----

.Kotlin
[source,kotlin,role="secondary"]
----
@Bean
fun authorizedClientManager(
        clientRegistrationRepository: ClientRegistrationRepository,
        authorizedClientRepository: OAuth2AuthorizedClientRepository): OAuth2AuthorizedClientManager {
    val authorizedClientProvider = OAuth2AuthorizedClientProviderBuilder.builder()
            .password()
            .refreshToken()
            .build()
    val authorizedClientManager = DefaultOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager(
            clientRegistrationRepository, authorizedClientRepository)
    authorizedClientManager.setAuthorizedClientProvider(authorizedClientProvider)

    // Assuming the `username` and `password` are supplied as `HttpServletRequest` parameters,
    // map the `HttpServletRequest` parameters to `OAuth2AuthorizationContext.getAttributes()`
    authorizedClientManager.setContextAttributesMapper(contextAttributesMapper())
    return authorizedClientManager
}

private fun contextAttributesMapper(): Function<OAuth2AuthorizeRequest, MutableMap<String, Any>> {
    return Function { authorizeRequest ->
        var contextAttributes: MutableMap<String, Any> = mutableMapOf()
        val servletRequest: HttpServletRequest = authorizeRequest.getAttribute(HttpServletRequest::class.java.name)
        val username: String = servletRequest.getParameter(OAuth2ParameterNames.USERNAME)
        val password: String = servletRequest.getParameter(OAuth2ParameterNames.PASSWORD)
        if (StringUtils.hasText(username) && StringUtils.hasText(password)) {
            contextAttributes = hashMapOf()

            // `PasswordOAuth2AuthorizedClientProvider` requires both attributes
            contextAttributes[OAuth2AuthorizationContext.USERNAME_ATTRIBUTE_NAME] = username
            contextAttributes[OAuth2AuthorizationContext.PASSWORD_ATTRIBUTE_NAME] = password
        }
        contextAttributes
    }
}
----
====

The `DefaultOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager` is designed to be used *_within_* the context of a `HttpServletRequest`.
When operating *_outside_* of a `HttpServletRequest` context, use `AuthorizedClientServiceOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager` instead.

A _service application_ is a common use case for when to use an `AuthorizedClientServiceOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager`.
Service applications often run in the background, without any user interaction, and typically run under a system-level account instead of a user account.
An OAuth 2.0 Client configured with the `client_credentials` grant type can be considered a type of service application.

The following code shows an example of how to configure an `AuthorizedClientServiceOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager` that provides support for the `client_credentials` grant type:

====
.Java
[source,java,role="primary"]
----
@Bean
public OAuth2AuthorizedClientManager authorizedClientManager(
		ClientRegistrationRepository clientRegistrationRepository,
		OAuth2AuthorizedClientService authorizedClientService) {

	OAuth2AuthorizedClientProvider authorizedClientProvider =
			OAuth2AuthorizedClientProviderBuilder.builder()
					.clientCredentials()
					.build();

	AuthorizedClientServiceOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager authorizedClientManager =
			new AuthorizedClientServiceOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager(
					clientRegistrationRepository, authorizedClientService);
	authorizedClientManager.setAuthorizedClientProvider(authorizedClientProvider);

	return authorizedClientManager;
}
----

.Kotlin
[source,kotlin,role="secondary"]
----
@Bean
fun authorizedClientManager(
        clientRegistrationRepository: ClientRegistrationRepository,
        authorizedClientService: OAuth2AuthorizedClientService): OAuth2AuthorizedClientManager {
    val authorizedClientProvider = OAuth2AuthorizedClientProviderBuilder.builder()
            .clientCredentials()
            .build()
    val authorizedClientManager = AuthorizedClientServiceOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager(
            clientRegistrationRepository, authorizedClientService)
    authorizedClientManager.setAuthorizedClientProvider(authorizedClientProvider)
    return authorizedClientManager
}
----
====


[[oauth2Client-auth-grant-support]]
=== Authorization Grant Support


[[oauth2Client-auth-code-grant]]
==== Authorization Code

[NOTE]
Please refer to the OAuth 2.0 Authorization Framework for further details on the https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6749#section-1.3.1[Authorization Code] grant.


===== Obtaining Authorization

[NOTE]
Please refer to the https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6749#section-4.1.1[Authorization Request/Response] protocol flow for the Authorization Code grant.


===== Initiating the Authorization Request

The `OAuth2AuthorizationRequestRedirectFilter` uses an `OAuth2AuthorizationRequestResolver` to resolve an `OAuth2AuthorizationRequest` and initiate the Authorization Code grant flow by redirecting the end-user's user-agent to the Authorization Server's Authorization Endpoint.

The primary role of the `OAuth2AuthorizationRequestResolver` is to resolve an `OAuth2AuthorizationRequest` from the provided web request.
The default implementation `DefaultOAuth2AuthorizationRequestResolver` matches on the (default) path `+/oauth2/authorization/{registrationId}+` extracting the `registrationId` and using it to build the `OAuth2AuthorizationRequest` for the associated `ClientRegistration`.

Given the following Spring Boot 2.x properties for an OAuth 2.0 Client registration:

[source,yaml,attrs="-attributes"]
----
spring:
  security:
    oauth2:
      client:
        registration:
          okta:
            client-id: okta-client-id
            client-secret: okta-client-secret
            authorization-grant-type: authorization_code
            redirect-uri: "{baseUrl}/authorized/okta"
            scope: read, write
        provider:
          okta:
            authorization-uri: https://dev-1234.oktapreview.com/oauth2/v1/authorize
            token-uri: https://dev-1234.oktapreview.com/oauth2/v1/token
----

A request with the base path `/oauth2/authorization/okta` will initiate the Authorization Request redirect by the `OAuth2AuthorizationRequestRedirectFilter` and ultimately start the Authorization Code grant flow.

[NOTE]
The `AuthorizationCodeOAuth2AuthorizedClientProvider` is an implementation of `OAuth2AuthorizedClientProvider` for the Authorization Code grant,
which also initiates the Authorization Request redirect by the `OAuth2AuthorizationRequestRedirectFilter`.

If the OAuth 2.0 Client is a https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6749#section-2.1[Public Client], then configure the OAuth 2.0 Client registration as follows:

[source,yaml,attrs="-attributes"]
----
spring:
  security:
    oauth2:
      client:
        registration:
          okta:
            client-id: okta-client-id
            client-authentication-method: none
            authorization-grant-type: authorization_code
            redirect-uri: "{baseUrl}/authorized/okta"
            ...
----

Public Clients are supported using https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7636[Proof Key for Code Exchange] (PKCE).
If the client is running in an untrusted environment (eg. native application or web browser-based application) and therefore incapable of maintaining the confidentiality of it's credentials, PKCE will automatically be used when the following conditions are true:

. `client-secret` is omitted (or empty)
. `client-authentication-method` is set to "none" (`ClientAuthenticationMethod.NONE`)

[[oauth2Client-auth-code-redirect-uri]]
The `DefaultOAuth2AuthorizationRequestResolver` also supports `URI` template variables for the `redirect-uri` using `UriComponentsBuilder`.

The following configuration uses all the supported `URI` template variables:

[source,yaml,attrs="-attributes"]
----
spring:
  security:
    oauth2:
      client:
        registration:
          okta:
            ...
            redirect-uri: "{baseScheme}://{baseHost}{basePort}{basePath}/authorized/{registrationId}"
            ...
----

[NOTE]
`+{baseUrl}+` resolves to `+{baseScheme}://{baseHost}{basePort}{basePath}+`

Configuring the `redirect-uri` with `URI` template variables is especially useful when the OAuth 2.0 Client is running behind a <<http-proxy-server,Proxy Server>>.
This ensures that the `X-Forwarded-*` headers are used when expanding the `redirect-uri`.

===== Customizing the Authorization Request

One of the primary use cases an `OAuth2AuthorizationRequestResolver` can realize is the ability to customize the Authorization Request with additional parameters above the standard parameters defined in the OAuth 2.0 Authorization Framework.

For example, OpenID Connect defines additional OAuth 2.0 request parameters for the https://openid.net/specs/openid-connect-core-1_0.html#AuthRequest[Authorization Code Flow] extending from the standard parameters defined in the https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6749#section-4.1.1[OAuth 2.0 Authorization Framework].
One of those extended parameters is the `prompt` parameter.

[NOTE]
OPTIONAL. Space delimited, case sensitive list of ASCII string values that specifies whether the Authorization Server prompts the End-User for reauthentication and consent. The defined values are: none, login, consent, select_account

The following example shows how to configure the `DefaultOAuth2AuthorizationRequestResolver` with a `Consumer<OAuth2AuthorizationRequest.Builder>` that customizes the Authorization Request for `oauth2Login()`, by including the request parameter `prompt=consent`.

====
.Java
[source,java,role="primary"]
----
@EnableWebSecurity
public class OAuth2LoginSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

	@Autowired
	private ClientRegistrationRepository clientRegistrationRepository;

	@Override
	protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
		http
			.authorizeRequests(authorize -> authorize
				.anyRequest().authenticated()
			)
			.oauth2Login(oauth2 -> oauth2
				.authorizationEndpoint(authorization -> authorization
					.authorizationRequestResolver(
						authorizationRequestResolver(this.clientRegistrationRepository)
					)
				)
			);
	}

	private OAuth2AuthorizationRequestResolver authorizationRequestResolver(
			ClientRegistrationRepository clientRegistrationRepository) {

		DefaultOAuth2AuthorizationRequestResolver authorizationRequestResolver =
				new DefaultOAuth2AuthorizationRequestResolver(
						clientRegistrationRepository, "/oauth2/authorization");
		authorizationRequestResolver.setAuthorizationRequestCustomizer(
				authorizationRequestCustomizer());

		return  authorizationRequestResolver;
	}

	private Consumer<OAuth2AuthorizationRequest.Builder> authorizationRequestCustomizer() {
		return customizer -> customizer
					.additionalParameters(params -> params.put("prompt", "consent"));
	}
}
----

.Kotlin
[source,kotlin,role="secondary"]
----
@EnableWebSecurity
class SecurityConfig : WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter() {

    @Autowired
    private lateinit var customClientRegistrationRepository: ClientRegistrationRepository

    override fun configure(http: HttpSecurity) {
        http {
            authorizeRequests {
                authorize(anyRequest, authenticated)
            }
            oauth2Login {
                authorizationEndpoint {
                    authorizationRequestResolver = authorizationRequestResolver(customClientRegistrationRepository)
                }
            }
        }
    }

    private fun authorizationRequestResolver(
            clientRegistrationRepository: ClientRegistrationRepository?): OAuth2AuthorizationRequestResolver? {
        val authorizationRequestResolver = DefaultOAuth2AuthorizationRequestResolver(
                clientRegistrationRepository, "/oauth2/authorization")
        authorizationRequestResolver.setAuthorizationRequestCustomizer(
                authorizationRequestCustomizer())
        return authorizationRequestResolver
    }

    private fun authorizationRequestCustomizer(): Consumer<OAuth2AuthorizationRequest.Builder> {
        return Consumer { customizer ->
            customizer
                    .additionalParameters { params -> params["prompt"] = "consent" }
        }
    }
}
----
====

For the simple use case, where the additional request parameter is always the same for a specific provider, it may be added directly in the `authorization-uri` property.

For example, if the value for the request parameter `prompt` is always `consent` for the provider `okta`, than simply configure as follows:

[source,yaml]
----
spring:
  security:
    oauth2:
      client:
        provider:
          okta:
            authorization-uri: https://dev-1234.oktapreview.com/oauth2/v1/authorize?prompt=consent
----

The preceding example shows the common use case of adding a custom parameter on top of the standard parameters.
Alternatively, if your requirements are more advanced, you can take full control in building the Authorization Request URI by simply overriding the `OAuth2AuthorizationRequest.authorizationRequestUri` property.

[TIP]
`OAuth2AuthorizationRequest.Builder.build()` constructs the `OAuth2AuthorizationRequest.authorizationRequestUri`, which represents the Authorization Request URI including all query parameters using the `application/x-www-form-urlencoded` format.

The following example shows a variation of `authorizationRequestCustomizer()` from the preceding example, and instead overrides the `OAuth2AuthorizationRequest.authorizationRequestUri` property.

====
.Java
[source,java,role="primary"]
----
private Consumer<OAuth2AuthorizationRequest.Builder> authorizationRequestCustomizer() {
	return customizer -> customizer
				.authorizationRequestUri(uriBuilder -> uriBuilder
					.queryParam("prompt", "consent").build());
}
----

.Kotlin
[source,kotlin,role="secondary"]
----
private fun authorizationRequestCustomizer(): Consumer<OAuth2AuthorizationRequest.Builder> {
    return Consumer { customizer: OAuth2AuthorizationRequest.Builder ->
        customizer
                .authorizationRequestUri { uriBuilder: UriBuilder ->
                    uriBuilder
                            .queryParam("prompt", "consent").build()
                }
    }
}
----
====


===== Storing the Authorization Request

The `AuthorizationRequestRepository` is responsible for the persistence of the `OAuth2AuthorizationRequest` from the time the Authorization Request is initiated to the time the Authorization Response is received (the callback).

[TIP]
The `OAuth2AuthorizationRequest` is used to correlate and validate the Authorization Response.

The default implementation of `AuthorizationRequestRepository` is `HttpSessionOAuth2AuthorizationRequestRepository`, which stores the `OAuth2AuthorizationRequest` in the `HttpSession`.

If you have a custom implementation of `AuthorizationRequestRepository`, you may configure it as shown in the following example:

.AuthorizationRequestRepository Configuration
====
.Java
[source,java,role="primary"]
----
@EnableWebSecurity
public class OAuth2ClientSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

	@Override
	protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
		http
			.oauth2Client(oauth2 -> oauth2
				.authorizationCodeGrant(codeGrant -> codeGrant
					.authorizationRequestRepository(this.authorizationRequestRepository())
					...
				)
			);
	}
}
----

.Kotlin
[source,kotlin,role="secondary"]
----
@EnableWebSecurity
class OAuth2ClientSecurityConfig : WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter() {

    override fun configure(http: HttpSecurity) {
        http {
            oauth2Client {
                authorizationCodeGrant {
                    authorizationRequestRepository = authorizationRequestRepository()
                }
            }
        }
    }
}
----

.Xml
[source,xml,role="secondary"]
----
<http>
	<oauth2-client>
		<authorization-code-grant authorization-request-repository-ref="authorizationRequestRepository"/>
	</oauth2-client>
</http>
----
====

===== Requesting an Access Token

[NOTE]
Please refer to the https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6749#section-4.1.3[Access Token Request/Response] protocol flow for the Authorization Code grant.

The default implementation of `OAuth2AccessTokenResponseClient` for the Authorization Code grant is `DefaultAuthorizationCodeTokenResponseClient`, which uses a `RestOperations` for exchanging an authorization code for an access token at the Authorization Server’s Token Endpoint.

The `DefaultAuthorizationCodeTokenResponseClient` is quite flexible as it allows you to customize the pre-processing of the Token Request and/or post-handling of the Token Response.


===== Customizing the Access Token Request

If you need to customize the pre-processing of the Token Request, you can provide `DefaultAuthorizationCodeTokenResponseClient.setRequestEntityConverter()` with a custom `Converter<OAuth2AuthorizationCodeGrantRequest, RequestEntity<?>>`.
The default implementation `OAuth2AuthorizationCodeGrantRequestEntityConverter` builds a `RequestEntity` representation of a standard https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6749#section-4.1.3[OAuth 2.0 Access Token Request].
However, providing a custom `Converter`, would allow you to extend the standard Token Request and add custom parameter(s).

IMPORTANT: The custom `Converter` must return a valid `RequestEntity` representation of an OAuth 2.0 Access Token Request that is understood by the intended OAuth 2.0 Provider.


===== Customizing the Access Token Response

On the other end, if you need to customize the post-handling of the Token Response, you will need to provide `DefaultAuthorizationCodeTokenResponseClient.setRestOperations()` with a custom configured `RestOperations`.
The default `RestOperations` is configured as follows:

====
.Java
[source,java,role="primary"]
----
RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate(Arrays.asList(
		new FormHttpMessageConverter(),
		new OAuth2AccessTokenResponseHttpMessageConverter()));

restTemplate.setErrorHandler(new OAuth2ErrorResponseErrorHandler());
----

.Kotlin
[source,kotlin,role="secondary"]
----
val restTemplate = RestTemplate(listOf(
        FormHttpMessageConverter(),
        OAuth2AccessTokenResponseHttpMessageConverter()))

restTemplate.errorHandler = OAuth2ErrorResponseErrorHandler()
----
====

TIP: Spring MVC `FormHttpMessageConverter` is required as it's used when sending the OAuth 2.0 Access Token Request.

`OAuth2AccessTokenResponseHttpMessageConverter` is a `HttpMessageConverter` for an OAuth 2.0 Access Token Response.
You can provide `OAuth2AccessTokenResponseHttpMessageConverter.setTokenResponseConverter()` with a custom `Converter<Map<String, String>, OAuth2AccessTokenResponse>` that is used for converting the OAuth 2.0 Access Token Response parameters to an `OAuth2AccessTokenResponse`.

`OAuth2ErrorResponseErrorHandler` is a `ResponseErrorHandler` that can handle an OAuth 2.0 Error, eg. 400 Bad Request.
It uses an `OAuth2ErrorHttpMessageConverter` for converting the OAuth 2.0 Error parameters to an `OAuth2Error`.

Whether you customize `DefaultAuthorizationCodeTokenResponseClient` or provide your own implementation of `OAuth2AccessTokenResponseClient`, you'll need to configure it as shown in the following example:

.Access Token Response Configuration
====
.Java
[source,java,role="primary"]
----
@EnableWebSecurity
public class OAuth2ClientSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

	@Override
	protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
		http
			.oauth2Client(oauth2 -> oauth2
				.authorizationCodeGrant(codeGrant -> codeGrant
					.accessTokenResponseClient(this.accessTokenResponseClient())
					...
				)
			);
	}
}
----

.Kotlin
[source,kotlin,role="secondary"]
----
@EnableWebSecurity
class OAuth2ClientSecurityConfig : WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter() {

    override fun configure(http: HttpSecurity) {
        http {
            oauth2Client {
                authorizationCodeGrant {
                    accessTokenResponseClient = accessTokenResponseClient()
                }
            }
        }
    }
}
----

.Xml
[source,xml,role="secondary"]
----
<http>
	<oauth2-client>
		<authorization-code-grant access-token-response-client-ref="accessTokenResponseClient"/>
	</oauth2-client>
</http>
----
====


[[oauth2Client-refresh-token-grant]]
==== Refresh Token

[NOTE]
Please refer to the OAuth 2.0 Authorization Framework for further details on the https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6749#section-1.5[Refresh Token].


===== Refreshing an Access Token

[NOTE]
Please refer to the https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6749#section-6[Access Token Request/Response] protocol flow for the Refresh Token grant.

The default implementation of `OAuth2AccessTokenResponseClient` for the Refresh Token grant is `DefaultRefreshTokenTokenResponseClient`, which uses a `RestOperations` when refreshing an access token at the Authorization Server’s Token Endpoint.

The `DefaultRefreshTokenTokenResponseClient` is quite flexible as it allows you to customize the pre-processing of the Token Request and/or post-handling of the Token Response.


===== Customizing the Access Token Request

If you need to customize the pre-processing of the Token Request, you can provide `DefaultRefreshTokenTokenResponseClient.setRequestEntityConverter()` with a custom `Converter<OAuth2RefreshTokenGrantRequest, RequestEntity<?>>`.
The default implementation `OAuth2RefreshTokenGrantRequestEntityConverter` builds a `RequestEntity` representation of a standard https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6749#section-6[OAuth 2.0 Access Token Request].
However, providing a custom `Converter`, would allow you to extend the standard Token Request and add custom parameter(s).

IMPORTANT: The custom `Converter` must return a valid `RequestEntity` representation of an OAuth 2.0 Access Token Request that is understood by the intended OAuth 2.0 Provider.


===== Customizing the Access Token Response

On the other end, if you need to customize the post-handling of the Token Response, you will need to provide `DefaultRefreshTokenTokenResponseClient.setRestOperations()` with a custom configured `RestOperations`.
The default `RestOperations` is configured as follows:

====
.Java
[source,java,role="primary"]
----
RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate(Arrays.asList(
		new FormHttpMessageConverter(),
		new OAuth2AccessTokenResponseHttpMessageConverter()));

restTemplate.setErrorHandler(new OAuth2ErrorResponseErrorHandler());
----

.Kotlin
[source,kotlin,role="secondary"]
----
val restTemplate = RestTemplate(listOf(
        FormHttpMessageConverter(),
        OAuth2AccessTokenResponseHttpMessageConverter()))

restTemplate.errorHandler = OAuth2ErrorResponseErrorHandler()
----
====

TIP: Spring MVC `FormHttpMessageConverter` is required as it's used when sending the OAuth 2.0 Access Token Request.

`OAuth2AccessTokenResponseHttpMessageConverter` is a `HttpMessageConverter` for an OAuth 2.0 Access Token Response.
You can provide `OAuth2AccessTokenResponseHttpMessageConverter.setTokenResponseConverter()` with a custom `Converter<Map<String, String>, OAuth2AccessTokenResponse>` that is used for converting the OAuth 2.0 Access Token Response parameters to an `OAuth2AccessTokenResponse`.

`OAuth2ErrorResponseErrorHandler` is a `ResponseErrorHandler` that can handle an OAuth 2.0 Error, eg. 400 Bad Request.
It uses an `OAuth2ErrorHttpMessageConverter` for converting the OAuth 2.0 Error parameters to an `OAuth2Error`.

Whether you customize `DefaultRefreshTokenTokenResponseClient` or provide your own implementation of `OAuth2AccessTokenResponseClient`, you'll need to configure it as shown in the following example:

====
.Java
[source,java,role="primary"]
----
// Customize
OAuth2AccessTokenResponseClient<OAuth2RefreshTokenGrantRequest> refreshTokenTokenResponseClient = ...

OAuth2AuthorizedClientProvider authorizedClientProvider =
		OAuth2AuthorizedClientProviderBuilder.builder()
				.authorizationCode()
				.refreshToken(configurer -> configurer.accessTokenResponseClient(refreshTokenTokenResponseClient))
				.build();

...

authorizedClientManager.setAuthorizedClientProvider(authorizedClientProvider);
----

.Kotlin
[source,kotlin,role="secondary"]
----
// Customize
val refreshTokenTokenResponseClient: OAuth2AccessTokenResponseClient<OAuth2RefreshTokenGrantRequest> = ...

val authorizedClientProvider = OAuth2AuthorizedClientProviderBuilder.builder()
        .authorizationCode()
        .refreshToken { it.accessTokenResponseClient(refreshTokenTokenResponseClient) }
        .build()

...

authorizedClientManager.setAuthorizedClientProvider(authorizedClientProvider)
----
====

[NOTE]
`OAuth2AuthorizedClientProviderBuilder.builder().refreshToken()` configures a `RefreshTokenOAuth2AuthorizedClientProvider`,
which is an implementation of an `OAuth2AuthorizedClientProvider` for the Refresh Token grant.

The `OAuth2RefreshToken` may optionally be returned in the Access Token Response for the `authorization_code` and `password` grant types.
If the `OAuth2AuthorizedClient.getRefreshToken()` is available and the `OAuth2AuthorizedClient.getAccessToken()` is expired, it will automatically be refreshed by the `RefreshTokenOAuth2AuthorizedClientProvider`.


[[oauth2Client-client-creds-grant]]
==== Client Credentials

[NOTE]
Please refer to the OAuth 2.0 Authorization Framework for further details on the https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6749#section-1.3.4[Client Credentials] grant.


===== Requesting an Access Token

[NOTE]
Please refer to the https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6749#section-4.4.2[Access Token Request/Response] protocol flow for the Client Credentials grant.

The default implementation of `OAuth2AccessTokenResponseClient` for the Client Credentials grant is `DefaultClientCredentialsTokenResponseClient`, which uses a `RestOperations` when requesting an access token at the Authorization Server’s Token Endpoint.

The `DefaultClientCredentialsTokenResponseClient` is quite flexible as it allows you to customize the pre-processing of the Token Request and/or post-handling of the Token Response.


===== Customizing the Access Token Request

If you need to customize the pre-processing of the Token Request, you can provide `DefaultClientCredentialsTokenResponseClient.setRequestEntityConverter()` with a custom `Converter<OAuth2ClientCredentialsGrantRequest, RequestEntity<?>>`.
The default implementation `OAuth2ClientCredentialsGrantRequestEntityConverter` builds a `RequestEntity` representation of a standard https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6749#section-4.4.2[OAuth 2.0 Access Token Request].
However, providing a custom `Converter`, would allow you to extend the standard Token Request and add custom parameter(s).

IMPORTANT: The custom `Converter` must return a valid `RequestEntity` representation of an OAuth 2.0 Access Token Request that is understood by the intended OAuth 2.0 Provider.


===== Customizing the Access Token Response

On the other end, if you need to customize the post-handling of the Token Response, you will need to provide `DefaultClientCredentialsTokenResponseClient.setRestOperations()` with a custom configured `RestOperations`.
The default `RestOperations` is configured as follows:

====
.Java
[source,java,role="primary"]
----
RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate(Arrays.asList(
		new FormHttpMessageConverter(),
		new OAuth2AccessTokenResponseHttpMessageConverter()));

restTemplate.setErrorHandler(new OAuth2ErrorResponseErrorHandler());
----

.Kotlin
[source,kotlin,role="secondary"]
----
val restTemplate = RestTemplate(listOf(
        FormHttpMessageConverter(),
        OAuth2AccessTokenResponseHttpMessageConverter()))

restTemplate.errorHandler = OAuth2ErrorResponseErrorHandler()
----
====

TIP: Spring MVC `FormHttpMessageConverter` is required as it's used when sending the OAuth 2.0 Access Token Request.

`OAuth2AccessTokenResponseHttpMessageConverter` is a `HttpMessageConverter` for an OAuth 2.0 Access Token Response.
You can provide `OAuth2AccessTokenResponseHttpMessageConverter.setTokenResponseConverter()` with a custom `Converter<Map<String, String>, OAuth2AccessTokenResponse>` that is used for converting the OAuth 2.0 Access Token Response parameters to an `OAuth2AccessTokenResponse`.

`OAuth2ErrorResponseErrorHandler` is a `ResponseErrorHandler` that can handle an OAuth 2.0 Error, eg. 400 Bad Request.
It uses an `OAuth2ErrorHttpMessageConverter` for converting the OAuth 2.0 Error parameters to an `OAuth2Error`.

Whether you customize `DefaultClientCredentialsTokenResponseClient` or provide your own implementation of `OAuth2AccessTokenResponseClient`, you'll need to configure it as shown in the following example:

====
.Java
[source,java,role="primary"]
----
// Customize
OAuth2AccessTokenResponseClient<OAuth2ClientCredentialsGrantRequest> clientCredentialsTokenResponseClient = ...

OAuth2AuthorizedClientProvider authorizedClientProvider =
		OAuth2AuthorizedClientProviderBuilder.builder()
				.clientCredentials(configurer -> configurer.accessTokenResponseClient(clientCredentialsTokenResponseClient))
				.build();

...

authorizedClientManager.setAuthorizedClientProvider(authorizedClientProvider);
----

.Kotlin
[source,kotlin,role="secondary"]
----
// Customize
val clientCredentialsTokenResponseClient: OAuth2AccessTokenResponseClient<OAuth2ClientCredentialsGrantRequest> = ...

val authorizedClientProvider = OAuth2AuthorizedClientProviderBuilder.builder()
        .clientCredentials { it.accessTokenResponseClient(clientCredentialsTokenResponseClient) }
        .build()

...

authorizedClientManager.setAuthorizedClientProvider(authorizedClientProvider)
----
====

[NOTE]
`OAuth2AuthorizedClientProviderBuilder.builder().clientCredentials()` configures a `ClientCredentialsOAuth2AuthorizedClientProvider`,
which is an implementation of an `OAuth2AuthorizedClientProvider` for the Client Credentials grant.

===== Using the Access Token

Given the following Spring Boot 2.x properties for an OAuth 2.0 Client registration:

[source,yaml]
----
spring:
  security:
    oauth2:
      client:
        registration:
          okta:
            client-id: okta-client-id
            client-secret: okta-client-secret
            authorization-grant-type: client_credentials
            scope: read, write
        provider:
          okta:
            token-uri: https://dev-1234.oktapreview.com/oauth2/v1/token
----

...and the `OAuth2AuthorizedClientManager` `@Bean`:

====
.Java
[source,java,role="primary"]
----
@Bean
public OAuth2AuthorizedClientManager authorizedClientManager(
		ClientRegistrationRepository clientRegistrationRepository,
		OAuth2AuthorizedClientRepository authorizedClientRepository) {

	OAuth2AuthorizedClientProvider authorizedClientProvider =
			OAuth2AuthorizedClientProviderBuilder.builder()
					.clientCredentials()
					.build();

	DefaultOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager authorizedClientManager =
			new DefaultOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager(
					clientRegistrationRepository, authorizedClientRepository);
	authorizedClientManager.setAuthorizedClientProvider(authorizedClientProvider);

	return authorizedClientManager;
}
----

.Kotlin
[source,kotlin,role="secondary"]
----
@Bean
fun authorizedClientManager(
        clientRegistrationRepository: ClientRegistrationRepository,
        authorizedClientRepository: OAuth2AuthorizedClientRepository): OAuth2AuthorizedClientManager {
    val authorizedClientProvider = OAuth2AuthorizedClientProviderBuilder.builder()
            .clientCredentials()
            .build()
    val authorizedClientManager = DefaultOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager(
            clientRegistrationRepository, authorizedClientRepository)
    authorizedClientManager.setAuthorizedClientProvider(authorizedClientProvider)
    return authorizedClientManager
}
----
====

You may obtain the `OAuth2AccessToken` as follows:

====
.Java
[source,java,role="primary"]
----
@Controller
public class OAuth2ClientController {

	@Autowired
	private OAuth2AuthorizedClientManager authorizedClientManager;

	@GetMapping("/")
	public String index(Authentication authentication,
						HttpServletRequest servletRequest,
						HttpServletResponse servletResponse) {

		OAuth2AuthorizeRequest authorizeRequest = OAuth2AuthorizeRequest.withClientRegistrationId("okta")
				.principal(authentication)
				.attributes(attrs -> {
					attrs.put(HttpServletRequest.class.getName(), servletRequest);
					attrs.put(HttpServletResponse.class.getName(), servletResponse);
				})
				.build();
		OAuth2AuthorizedClient authorizedClient = this.authorizedClientManager.authorize(authorizeRequest);

		OAuth2AccessToken accessToken = authorizedClient.getAccessToken();

		...

		return "index";
	}
}
----

.Kotlin
[source,kotlin,role="secondary"]
----
class OAuth2ClientController {

    @Autowired
    private lateinit var authorizedClientManager: OAuth2AuthorizedClientManager

    @GetMapping("/")
    fun index(authentication: Authentication?,
              servletRequest: HttpServletRequest,
              servletResponse: HttpServletResponse): String {
        val authorizeRequest: OAuth2AuthorizeRequest = OAuth2AuthorizeRequest.withClientRegistrationId("okta")
                .principal(authentication)
                .attributes(Consumer { attrs: MutableMap<String, Any> ->
                    attrs[HttpServletRequest::class.java.name] = servletRequest
                    attrs[HttpServletResponse::class.java.name] = servletResponse
                })
                .build()
        val authorizedClient = authorizedClientManager.authorize(authorizeRequest)
        val accessToken: OAuth2AccessToken = authorizedClient.accessToken

        ...

        return "index"
    }
}
----
====

[NOTE]
`HttpServletRequest` and `HttpServletResponse` are both OPTIONAL attributes.
If not provided, it will default to `ServletRequestAttributes` using `RequestContextHolder.getRequestAttributes()`.


[[oauth2Client-password-grant]]
==== Resource Owner Password Credentials

[NOTE]
Please refer to the OAuth 2.0 Authorization Framework for further details on the https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6749#section-1.3.3[Resource Owner Password Credentials] grant.


===== Requesting an Access Token

[NOTE]
Please refer to the https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6749#section-4.3.2[Access Token Request/Response] protocol flow for the Resource Owner Password Credentials grant.

The default implementation of `OAuth2AccessTokenResponseClient` for the Resource Owner Password Credentials grant is `DefaultPasswordTokenResponseClient`, which uses a `RestOperations` when requesting an access token at the Authorization Server’s Token Endpoint.

The `DefaultPasswordTokenResponseClient` is quite flexible as it allows you to customize the pre-processing of the Token Request and/or post-handling of the Token Response.


===== Customizing the Access Token Request

If you need to customize the pre-processing of the Token Request, you can provide `DefaultPasswordTokenResponseClient.setRequestEntityConverter()` with a custom `Converter<OAuth2PasswordGrantRequest, RequestEntity<?>>`.
The default implementation `OAuth2PasswordGrantRequestEntityConverter` builds a `RequestEntity` representation of a standard https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6749#section-4.3.2[OAuth 2.0 Access Token Request].
However, providing a custom `Converter`, would allow you to extend the standard Token Request and add custom parameter(s).

IMPORTANT: The custom `Converter` must return a valid `RequestEntity` representation of an OAuth 2.0 Access Token Request that is understood by the intended OAuth 2.0 Provider.


===== Customizing the Access Token Response

On the other end, if you need to customize the post-handling of the Token Response, you will need to provide `DefaultPasswordTokenResponseClient.setRestOperations()` with a custom configured `RestOperations`.
The default `RestOperations` is configured as follows:

====
.Java
[source,java,role="primary"]
----
RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate(Arrays.asList(
		new FormHttpMessageConverter(),
		new OAuth2AccessTokenResponseHttpMessageConverter()));

restTemplate.setErrorHandler(new OAuth2ErrorResponseErrorHandler());
----

.Kotlin
[source,kotlin,role="secondary"]
----
val restTemplate = RestTemplate(listOf(
        FormHttpMessageConverter(),
        OAuth2AccessTokenResponseHttpMessageConverter()))

restTemplate.errorHandler = OAuth2ErrorResponseErrorHandler()
----
====

TIP: Spring MVC `FormHttpMessageConverter` is required as it's used when sending the OAuth 2.0 Access Token Request.

`OAuth2AccessTokenResponseHttpMessageConverter` is a `HttpMessageConverter` for an OAuth 2.0 Access Token Response.
You can provide `OAuth2AccessTokenResponseHttpMessageConverter.setTokenResponseConverter()` with a custom `Converter<Map<String, String>, OAuth2AccessTokenResponse>` that is used for converting the OAuth 2.0 Access Token Response parameters to an `OAuth2AccessTokenResponse`.

`OAuth2ErrorResponseErrorHandler` is a `ResponseErrorHandler` that can handle an OAuth 2.0 Error, eg. 400 Bad Request.
It uses an `OAuth2ErrorHttpMessageConverter` for converting the OAuth 2.0 Error parameters to an `OAuth2Error`.

Whether you customize `DefaultPasswordTokenResponseClient` or provide your own implementation of `OAuth2AccessTokenResponseClient`, you'll need to configure it as shown in the following example:

====
.Java
[source,java,role="primary"]
----
// Customize
OAuth2AccessTokenResponseClient<OAuth2PasswordGrantRequest> passwordTokenResponseClient = ...

OAuth2AuthorizedClientProvider authorizedClientProvider =
		OAuth2AuthorizedClientProviderBuilder.builder()
				.password(configurer -> configurer.accessTokenResponseClient(passwordTokenResponseClient))
				.refreshToken()
				.build();

...

authorizedClientManager.setAuthorizedClientProvider(authorizedClientProvider);
----

.Kotlin
[source,kotlin,role="secondary"]
----
val passwordTokenResponseClient: OAuth2AccessTokenResponseClient<OAuth2PasswordGrantRequest> = ...

val authorizedClientProvider = OAuth2AuthorizedClientProviderBuilder.builder()
        .password { it.accessTokenResponseClient(passwordTokenResponseClient) }
        .refreshToken()
        .build()

...

authorizedClientManager.setAuthorizedClientProvider(authorizedClientProvider)
----
====

[NOTE]
`OAuth2AuthorizedClientProviderBuilder.builder().password()` configures a `PasswordOAuth2AuthorizedClientProvider`,
which is an implementation of an `OAuth2AuthorizedClientProvider` for the Resource Owner Password Credentials grant.

===== Using the Access Token

Given the following Spring Boot 2.x properties for an OAuth 2.0 Client registration:

[source,yaml]
----
spring:
  security:
    oauth2:
      client:
        registration:
          okta:
            client-id: okta-client-id
            client-secret: okta-client-secret
            authorization-grant-type: password
            scope: read, write
        provider:
          okta:
            token-uri: https://dev-1234.oktapreview.com/oauth2/v1/token
----

...and the `OAuth2AuthorizedClientManager` `@Bean`:

====
.Java
[source,java,role="primary"]
----
@Bean
public OAuth2AuthorizedClientManager authorizedClientManager(
		ClientRegistrationRepository clientRegistrationRepository,
		OAuth2AuthorizedClientRepository authorizedClientRepository) {

	OAuth2AuthorizedClientProvider authorizedClientProvider =
			OAuth2AuthorizedClientProviderBuilder.builder()
					.password()
					.refreshToken()
					.build();

	DefaultOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager authorizedClientManager =
			new DefaultOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager(
					clientRegistrationRepository, authorizedClientRepository);
	authorizedClientManager.setAuthorizedClientProvider(authorizedClientProvider);

	// Assuming the `username` and `password` are supplied as `HttpServletRequest` parameters,
	// map the `HttpServletRequest` parameters to `OAuth2AuthorizationContext.getAttributes()`
	authorizedClientManager.setContextAttributesMapper(contextAttributesMapper());

	return authorizedClientManager;
}

private Function<OAuth2AuthorizeRequest, Map<String, Object>> contextAttributesMapper() {
	return authorizeRequest -> {
		Map<String, Object> contextAttributes = Collections.emptyMap();
		HttpServletRequest servletRequest = authorizeRequest.getAttribute(HttpServletRequest.class.getName());
		String username = servletRequest.getParameter(OAuth2ParameterNames.USERNAME);
		String password = servletRequest.getParameter(OAuth2ParameterNames.PASSWORD);
		if (StringUtils.hasText(username) && StringUtils.hasText(password)) {
			contextAttributes = new HashMap<>();

			// `PasswordOAuth2AuthorizedClientProvider` requires both attributes
			contextAttributes.put(OAuth2AuthorizationContext.USERNAME_ATTRIBUTE_NAME, username);
			contextAttributes.put(OAuth2AuthorizationContext.PASSWORD_ATTRIBUTE_NAME, password);
		}
		return contextAttributes;
	};
}
----
.Kotlin
[source,kotlin,role="secondary"]
----
@Bean
fun authorizedClientManager(
        clientRegistrationRepository: ClientRegistrationRepository,
        authorizedClientRepository: OAuth2AuthorizedClientRepository): OAuth2AuthorizedClientManager {
    val authorizedClientProvider = OAuth2AuthorizedClientProviderBuilder.builder()
            .password()
            .refreshToken()
            .build()
    val authorizedClientManager = DefaultOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager(
            clientRegistrationRepository, authorizedClientRepository)
    authorizedClientManager.setAuthorizedClientProvider(authorizedClientProvider)

    // Assuming the `username` and `password` are supplied as `HttpServletRequest` parameters,
    // map the `HttpServletRequest` parameters to `OAuth2AuthorizationContext.getAttributes()`
    authorizedClientManager.setContextAttributesMapper(contextAttributesMapper())
    return authorizedClientManager
}

private fun contextAttributesMapper(): Function<OAuth2AuthorizeRequest, MutableMap<String, Any>> {
    return Function { authorizeRequest ->
        var contextAttributes: MutableMap<String, Any> = mutableMapOf()
        val servletRequest: HttpServletRequest = authorizeRequest.getAttribute(HttpServletRequest::class.java.name)
        val username = servletRequest.getParameter(OAuth2ParameterNames.USERNAME)
        val password = servletRequest.getParameter(OAuth2ParameterNames.PASSWORD)
        if (StringUtils.hasText(username) && StringUtils.hasText(password)) {
            contextAttributes = hashMapOf()

            // `PasswordOAuth2AuthorizedClientProvider` requires both attributes
            contextAttributes[OAuth2AuthorizationContext.USERNAME_ATTRIBUTE_NAME] = username
            contextAttributes[OAuth2AuthorizationContext.PASSWORD_ATTRIBUTE_NAME] = password
        }
        contextAttributes
    }
}
----
====

You may obtain the `OAuth2AccessToken` as follows:

====
.Java
[source,java,role="primary"]
----
@Controller
public class OAuth2ClientController {

	@Autowired
	private OAuth2AuthorizedClientManager authorizedClientManager;

	@GetMapping("/")
	public String index(Authentication authentication,
						HttpServletRequest servletRequest,
						HttpServletResponse servletResponse) {

		OAuth2AuthorizeRequest authorizeRequest = OAuth2AuthorizeRequest.withClientRegistrationId("okta")
				.principal(authentication)
				.attributes(attrs -> {
					attrs.put(HttpServletRequest.class.getName(), servletRequest);
					attrs.put(HttpServletResponse.class.getName(), servletResponse);
				})
				.build();
		OAuth2AuthorizedClient authorizedClient = this.authorizedClientManager.authorize(authorizeRequest);

		OAuth2AccessToken accessToken = authorizedClient.getAccessToken();

		...

		return "index";
	}
}
----

.Kotlin
[source,kotlin,role="secondary"]
----
@Controller
class OAuth2ClientController {
    @Autowired
    private lateinit var authorizedClientManager: OAuth2AuthorizedClientManager

    @GetMapping("/")
    fun index(authentication: Authentication?,
              servletRequest: HttpServletRequest,
              servletResponse: HttpServletResponse): String {
        val authorizeRequest: OAuth2AuthorizeRequest = OAuth2AuthorizeRequest.withClientRegistrationId("okta")
                .principal(authentication)
                .attributes(Consumer {
                    it[HttpServletRequest::class.java.name] = servletRequest
                    it[HttpServletResponse::class.java.name] = servletResponse
                })
                .build()
        val authorizedClient = authorizedClientManager.authorize(authorizeRequest)
        val accessToken: OAuth2AccessToken = authorizedClient.accessToken

        ...

        return "index"
    }
}
----
====

[NOTE]
`HttpServletRequest` and `HttpServletResponse` are both OPTIONAL attributes.
If not provided, it will default to `ServletRequestAttributes` using `RequestContextHolder.getRequestAttributes()`.


[[oauth2Client-additional-features]]
=== Additional Features


[[oauth2Client-registered-authorized-client]]
==== Resolving an Authorized Client

The `@RegisteredOAuth2AuthorizedClient` annotation provides the capability of resolving a method parameter to an argument value of type `OAuth2AuthorizedClient`.
This is a convenient alternative compared to accessing the `OAuth2AuthorizedClient` using the `OAuth2AuthorizedClientManager` or `OAuth2AuthorizedClientService`.

====
.Java
[source,java,role="primary"]
----
@Controller
public class OAuth2ClientController {

	@GetMapping("/")
	public String index(@RegisteredOAuth2AuthorizedClient("okta") OAuth2AuthorizedClient authorizedClient) {
		OAuth2AccessToken accessToken = authorizedClient.getAccessToken();

		...

		return "index";
	}
}
----

.Kotlin
[source,kotlin,role="secondary"]
----
@Controller
class OAuth2ClientController {
    @GetMapping("/")
    fun index(@RegisteredOAuth2AuthorizedClient("okta") authorizedClient: OAuth2AuthorizedClient): String {
        val accessToken = authorizedClient.accessToken

        ...

        return "index"
    }
}
----
====

The `@RegisteredOAuth2AuthorizedClient` annotation is handled by `OAuth2AuthorizedClientArgumentResolver`, which directly uses an <<oauth2Client-authorized-manager-provider, OAuth2AuthorizedClientManager>> and therefore inherits it's capabilities.


[[oauth2Client-webclient-servlet]]
=== WebClient integration for Servlet Environments

The OAuth 2.0 Client support integrates with `WebClient` using an `ExchangeFilterFunction`.

The `ServletOAuth2AuthorizedClientExchangeFilterFunction` provides a simple mechanism for requesting protected resources by using an `OAuth2AuthorizedClient` and including the associated `OAuth2AccessToken` as a Bearer Token.
It directly uses an <<oauth2Client-authorized-manager-provider, OAuth2AuthorizedClientManager>> and therefore inherits the following capabilities:

* An `OAuth2AccessToken` will be requested if the client has not yet been authorized.
** `authorization_code` - triggers the Authorization Request redirect to initiate the flow
** `client_credentials` - the access token is obtained directly from the Token Endpoint
** `password` - the access token is obtained directly from the Token Endpoint
* If the `OAuth2AccessToken` is expired, it will be refreshed (or renewed) if an `OAuth2AuthorizedClientProvider` is available to perform the authorization

The following code shows an example of how to configure `WebClient` with OAuth 2.0 Client support:

====
.Java
[source,java,role="primary"]
----
@Bean
WebClient webClient(OAuth2AuthorizedClientManager authorizedClientManager) {
	ServletOAuth2AuthorizedClientExchangeFilterFunction oauth2Client =
			new ServletOAuth2AuthorizedClientExchangeFilterFunction(authorizedClientManager);
	return WebClient.builder()
			.apply(oauth2Client.oauth2Configuration())
			.build();
}
----

.Kotlin
[source,kotlin,role="secondary"]
----
@Bean
fun webClient(authorizedClientManager: OAuth2AuthorizedClientManager?): WebClient {
    val oauth2Client = ServletOAuth2AuthorizedClientExchangeFilterFunction(authorizedClientManager)
    return WebClient.builder()
            .apply(oauth2Client.oauth2Configuration())
            .build()
}
----
====

==== Providing the Authorized Client

The `ServletOAuth2AuthorizedClientExchangeFilterFunction` determines the client to use (for a request) by resolving the `OAuth2AuthorizedClient` from the `ClientRequest.attributes()` (request attributes).

The following code shows how to set an `OAuth2AuthorizedClient` as a request attribute:

====
.Java
[source,java,role="primary"]
----
@GetMapping("/")
public String index(@RegisteredOAuth2AuthorizedClient("okta") OAuth2AuthorizedClient authorizedClient) {
	String resourceUri = ...

	String body = webClient
			.get()
			.uri(resourceUri)
			.attributes(oauth2AuthorizedClient(authorizedClient))   <1>
			.retrieve()
			.bodyToMono(String.class)
			.block();

	...

	return "index";
}
----

.Kotlin
[source,kotlin,role="secondary"]
----
@GetMapping("/")
fun index(@RegisteredOAuth2AuthorizedClient("okta") authorizedClient: OAuth2AuthorizedClient): String {
    val resourceUri: String = ...
    val body: String = webClient
            .get()
            .uri(resourceUri)
            .attributes(oauth2AuthorizedClient(authorizedClient)) <1>
            .retrieve()
            .bodyToMono()
            .block()

    ...

    return "index"
}
----
====

<1> `oauth2AuthorizedClient()` is a `static` method in `ServletOAuth2AuthorizedClientExchangeFilterFunction`.

The following code shows how to set the `ClientRegistration.getRegistrationId()` as a request attribute:

====
.Java
[source,java,role="primary"]
----
@GetMapping("/")
public String index() {
	String resourceUri = ...

	String body = webClient
			.get()
			.uri(resourceUri)
			.attributes(clientRegistrationId("okta"))   <1>
			.retrieve()
			.bodyToMono(String.class)
			.block();

	...

	return "index";
}
----

.Kotlin
[source,kotlin,role="secondary"]
----
@GetMapping("/")
fun index(): String {
    val resourceUri: String = ...

    val body: String = webClient
            .get()
            .uri(resourceUri)
            .attributes(clientRegistrationId("okta"))  <1>
            .retrieve()
            .bodyToMono()
            .block()

    ...

    return "index"
}
----
====
<1> `clientRegistrationId()` is a `static` method in `ServletOAuth2AuthorizedClientExchangeFilterFunction`.


==== Defaulting the Authorized Client

If neither `OAuth2AuthorizedClient` or `ClientRegistration.getRegistrationId()` is provided as a request attribute, the `ServletOAuth2AuthorizedClientExchangeFilterFunction` can determine the _default_ client to use depending on it's configuration.

If `setDefaultOAuth2AuthorizedClient(true)` is configured and the user has authenticated using `HttpSecurity.oauth2Login()`, the `OAuth2AccessToken` associated with the current `OAuth2AuthenticationToken` is used.

The following code shows the specific configuration:

====
.Java
[source,java,role="primary"]
----
@Bean
WebClient webClient(OAuth2AuthorizedClientManager authorizedClientManager) {
	ServletOAuth2AuthorizedClientExchangeFilterFunction oauth2Client =
			new ServletOAuth2AuthorizedClientExchangeFilterFunction(authorizedClientManager);
	oauth2Client.setDefaultOAuth2AuthorizedClient(true);
	return WebClient.builder()
			.apply(oauth2Client.oauth2Configuration())
			.build();
}
----

.Kotlin
[source,kotlin,role="secondary"]
----
@Bean
fun webClient(authorizedClientManager: OAuth2AuthorizedClientManager?): WebClient {
    val oauth2Client = ServletOAuth2AuthorizedClientExchangeFilterFunction(authorizedClientManager)
    oauth2Client.setDefaultOAuth2AuthorizedClient(true)
    return WebClient.builder()
            .apply(oauth2Client.oauth2Configuration())
            .build()
}
----
====

[WARNING]
It is recommended to be cautious with this feature since all HTTP requests will receive the access token.

Alternatively, if `setDefaultClientRegistrationId("okta")` is configured with a valid `ClientRegistration`, the `OAuth2AccessToken` associated with the `OAuth2AuthorizedClient` is used.

The following code shows the specific configuration:

====
.Java
[source,java,role="primary"]
----
@Bean
WebClient webClient(OAuth2AuthorizedClientManager authorizedClientManager) {
	ServletOAuth2AuthorizedClientExchangeFilterFunction oauth2Client =
			new ServletOAuth2AuthorizedClientExchangeFilterFunction(authorizedClientManager);
	oauth2Client.setDefaultClientRegistrationId("okta");
	return WebClient.builder()
			.apply(oauth2Client.oauth2Configuration())
			.build();
}
----

.Kotlin
[source,kotlin,role="secondary"]
----
@Bean
fun webClient(authorizedClientManager: OAuth2AuthorizedClientManager?): WebClient {
    val oauth2Client = ServletOAuth2AuthorizedClientExchangeFilterFunction(authorizedClientManager)
    oauth2Client.setDefaultClientRegistrationId("okta")
    return WebClient.builder()
            .apply(oauth2Client.oauth2Configuration())
            .build()
}
----
====

[WARNING]
It is recommended to be cautious with this feature since all HTTP requests will receive the access token.
