diff --git a/packages-private/dts-test/inject.test-d.ts b/packages-private/dts-test/inject.test-d.ts
index e545ef623..8f5db7aeb 100644
--- a/packages-private/dts-test/inject.test-d.ts
+++ b/packages-private/dts-test/inject.test-d.ts
@@ -11,7 +11,11 @@ import { expectType } from './utils'
 
 // non-symbol keys
 provide('foo', 123)
+// @ts-expect-error
 provide(123, 123)
+// @ts-expect-error
+provide(true, 123)
+provide('true', 123)
 
 const key: InjectionKey<number> = Symbol()
 
@@ -41,7 +45,6 @@ provide(injectionKeyRef, ref({}))
 
 // naive-ui: explicit provide type parameter
 provide<Cube>('cube', { size: 123 })
-provide<Cube>(123, { size: 123 })
 provide<Cube>(injectionKeyRef, { size: 123 })
 
 // @ts-expect-error
diff --git a/packages/runtime-core/src/apiInject.ts b/packages/runtime-core/src/apiInject.ts
index f05d7333d..6703e025a 100644
--- a/packages/runtime-core/src/apiInject.ts
+++ b/packages/runtime-core/src/apiInject.ts
@@ -8,10 +8,10 @@ interface InjectionConstraint<T> {}
 
 export type InjectionKey<T> = symbol & InjectionConstraint<T>
 
-export function provide<T, K = InjectionKey<T> | string | number>(
-  key: K,
-  value: K extends InjectionKey<infer V> ? V : T,
-): void {
+export function provide<
+  T,
+  K extends InjectionKey<T> | string = InjectionKey<T> | string,
+>(key: K, value: K extends InjectionKey<infer V> ? V : T): void {
   if (!currentInstance) {
     if (__DEV__) {
       warn(`provide() can only be used inside setup().`)