diff --git a/jest.config.js b/jest.config.js
index 385de9c49..ebc6e76eb 100644
--- a/jest.config.js
+++ b/jest.config.js
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ module.exports = {
     '!packages/template-explorer/**',
     '!packages/size-check/**'
   ],
-  watchPathIgnorePatterns: ['/node_modules/'],
+  watchPathIgnorePatterns: ['/node_modules/', '/dist/', '/.git/'],
   moduleFileExtensions: ['ts', 'tsx', 'js', 'json'],
   moduleNameMapper: {
     '^@vue/(.*?)$': '<rootDir>/packages/$1/src',
diff --git a/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/__snapshots__/codegen.spec.ts.snap b/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/__snapshots__/codegen.spec.ts.snap
index 8adf793ee..d70c5b3bd 100644
--- a/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/__snapshots__/codegen.spec.ts.snap
+++ b/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/__snapshots__/codegen.spec.ts.snap
@@ -59,15 +59,6 @@ return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
 }"
 `;
 
-exports[`compiler: codegen SequenceExpression 1`] = `
-"
-return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
-  with (this) {
-    return (foo, bar(baz))
-  }
-}"
-`;
-
 exports[`compiler: codegen assets + temps 1`] = `
 "
 return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
@@ -106,7 +97,7 @@ exports[`compiler: codegen forNode 1`] = `
 "
 return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   with (this) {
-    return (foo, bar)
+    return (_openBlock(true), _createBlock(_Fragment, null, _renderList(), 1))
   }
 }"
 `;
@@ -147,7 +138,9 @@ exports[`compiler: codegen ifNode 1`] = `
 "
 return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   with (this) {
-    return (foo, bar)
+    return foo
+      ? bar
+      : baz
   }
 }"
 `;
diff --git a/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/__snapshots__/compile.spec.ts.snap b/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/__snapshots__/compile.spec.ts.snap
index 7afb6ffde..77a37d3a1 100644
--- a/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/__snapshots__/compile.spec.ts.snap
+++ b/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/__snapshots__/compile.spec.ts.snap
@@ -12,9 +12,9 @@ return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
       class: bar.baz
     }, [
       _createTextVNode(_toDisplayString(world.burn()) + \\" \\", 1 /* TEXT */),
-      (_openBlock(), ok
-        ? _createBlock(\\"div\\", { key: 0 }, \\"yes\\")
-        : _createBlock(_Fragment, { key: 1 }, [\\"no\\"])),
+      ok
+        ? (_openBlock(), _createBlock(\\"div\\", { key: 0 }, \\"yes\\"))
+        : (_openBlock(), _createBlock(_Fragment, { key: 1 }, [\\"no\\"])),
       (_openBlock(true), _createBlock(_Fragment, null, _renderList(list, (value, index) => {
         return (_openBlock(), _createBlock(\\"div\\", null, [
           _createVNode(\\"span\\", null, _toDisplayString(value + index), 1 /* TEXT */)
@@ -34,9 +34,9 @@ return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
     class: _ctx.bar.baz
   }, [
     _createTextVNode(_toDisplayString(_ctx.world.burn()) + \\" \\", 1 /* TEXT */),
-    (_openBlock(), (_ctx.ok)
-      ? _createBlock(\\"div\\", { key: 0 }, \\"yes\\")
-      : _createBlock(_Fragment, { key: 1 }, [\\"no\\"])),
+    (_ctx.ok)
+      ? (_openBlock(), _createBlock(\\"div\\", { key: 0 }, \\"yes\\"))
+      : (_openBlock(), _createBlock(_Fragment, { key: 1 }, [\\"no\\"])),
     (_openBlock(true), _createBlock(_Fragment, null, _renderList(_ctx.list, (value, index) => {
       return (_openBlock(), _createBlock(\\"div\\", null, [
         _createVNode(\\"span\\", null, _toDisplayString(value + index), 1 /* TEXT */)
@@ -55,9 +55,9 @@ export function render(_ctx, _cache) {
     class: _ctx.bar.baz
   }, [
     _createTextVNode(_toDisplayString(_ctx.world.burn()) + \\" \\", 1 /* TEXT */),
-    (_openBlock(), (_ctx.ok)
-      ? _createBlock(\\"div\\", { key: 0 }, \\"yes\\")
-      : _createBlock(_Fragment, { key: 1 }, [\\"no\\"])),
+    (_ctx.ok)
+      ? (_openBlock(), _createBlock(\\"div\\", { key: 0 }, \\"yes\\"))
+      : (_openBlock(), _createBlock(_Fragment, { key: 1 }, [\\"no\\"])),
     (_openBlock(true), _createBlock(_Fragment, null, _renderList(_ctx.list, (value, index) => {
       return (_openBlock(), _createBlock(\\"div\\", null, [
         _createVNode(\\"span\\", null, _toDisplayString(value + index), 1 /* TEXT */)
diff --git a/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/__snapshots__/scopeId.spec.ts.snap b/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/__snapshots__/scopeId.spec.ts.snap
index 6193c0acd..c552bfe8d 100644
--- a/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/__snapshots__/scopeId.spec.ts.snap
+++ b/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/__snapshots__/scopeId.spec.ts.snap
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // Jest Snapshot v1, https://goo.gl/fbAQLP
 
 exports[`scopeId compiler support should push scopeId for hoisted nodes 1`] = `
-"import { createVNode as _createVNode, toDisplayString as _toDisplayString, createTextVNode as _createTextVNode, createBlock as _createBlock, openBlock as _openBlock, withScopeId as _withScopeId, pushScopeId as _pushScopeId, popScopeId as _popScopeId } from \\"vue\\"
+"import { createVNode as _createVNode, toDisplayString as _toDisplayString, createTextVNode as _createTextVNode, openBlock as _openBlock, createBlock as _createBlock, withScopeId as _withScopeId, pushScopeId as _pushScopeId, popScopeId as _popScopeId } from \\"vue\\"
 const _withId = _withScopeId(\\"test\\")
 
 _pushScopeId(\\"test\\")
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ export const render = _withId(function render(_ctx, _cache) {
 `;
 
 exports[`scopeId compiler support should wrap default slot 1`] = `
-"import { createVNode as _createVNode, resolveComponent as _resolveComponent, createBlock as _createBlock, openBlock as _openBlock, withScopeId as _withScopeId } from \\"vue\\"
+"import { createVNode as _createVNode, resolveComponent as _resolveComponent, openBlock as _openBlock, createBlock as _createBlock, withScopeId as _withScopeId } from \\"vue\\"
 const _withId = _withScopeId(\\"test\\")
 
 export const render = _withId(function render(_ctx, _cache) {
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ export const render = _withId(function render(_ctx, _cache) {
 `;
 
 exports[`scopeId compiler support should wrap dynamic slots 1`] = `
-"import { createVNode as _createVNode, resolveComponent as _resolveComponent, renderList as _renderList, createSlots as _createSlots, createBlock as _createBlock, openBlock as _openBlock, withScopeId as _withScopeId } from \\"vue\\"
+"import { createVNode as _createVNode, resolveComponent as _resolveComponent, renderList as _renderList, createSlots as _createSlots, openBlock as _openBlock, createBlock as _createBlock, withScopeId as _withScopeId } from \\"vue\\"
 const _withId = _withScopeId(\\"test\\")
 
 export const render = _withId(function render(_ctx, _cache) {
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ export const render = _withId(function render(_ctx, _cache) {
 `;
 
 exports[`scopeId compiler support should wrap named slots 1`] = `
-"import { toDisplayString as _toDisplayString, createTextVNode as _createTextVNode, createVNode as _createVNode, resolveComponent as _resolveComponent, createBlock as _createBlock, openBlock as _openBlock, withScopeId as _withScopeId } from \\"vue\\"
+"import { toDisplayString as _toDisplayString, createTextVNode as _createTextVNode, createVNode as _createVNode, resolveComponent as _resolveComponent, openBlock as _openBlock, createBlock as _createBlock, withScopeId as _withScopeId } from \\"vue\\"
 const _withId = _withScopeId(\\"test\\")
 
 export const render = _withId(function render(_ctx, _cache) {
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ export const render = _withId(function render(_ctx, _cache) {
 `;
 
 exports[`scopeId compiler support should wrap render function 1`] = `
-"import { createVNode as _createVNode, createBlock as _createBlock, openBlock as _openBlock, withScopeId as _withScopeId } from \\"vue\\"
+"import { createVNode as _createVNode, openBlock as _openBlock, createBlock as _createBlock, withScopeId as _withScopeId } from \\"vue\\"
 const _withId = _withScopeId(\\"test\\")
 
 export const render = _withId(function render(_ctx, _cache) {
diff --git a/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/codegen.spec.ts b/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/codegen.spec.ts
index 02add36a5..929588f4e 100644
--- a/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/codegen.spec.ts
+++ b/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/codegen.spec.ts
@@ -9,16 +9,18 @@ import {
   createArrayExpression,
   createCompoundExpression,
   createInterpolation,
-  createSequenceExpression,
   createCallExpression,
   createConditionalExpression,
-  IfCodegenNode,
   ForCodegenNode,
   createCacheExpression,
   createTemplateLiteral,
   createBlockStatement,
   createIfStatement,
-  createAssignmentExpression
+  createAssignmentExpression,
+  IfConditionalExpression,
+  createVNodeCall,
+  VNodeCall,
+  DirectiveArguments
 } from '../src'
 import {
   CREATE_VNODE,
@@ -26,7 +28,9 @@ import {
   RESOLVE_DIRECTIVE,
   helperNameMap,
   RESOLVE_COMPONENT,
-  CREATE_COMMENT
+  CREATE_COMMENT,
+  FRAGMENT,
+  RENDER_LIST
 } from '../src/runtimeHelpers'
 import { createElementWithCodegen } from './testUtils'
 import { PatchFlags } from '@vue/shared'
@@ -251,14 +255,15 @@ describe('compiler: codegen', () => {
           type: NodeTypes.IF,
           loc: locStub,
           branches: [],
-          codegenNode: createSequenceExpression([
+          codegenNode: createConditionalExpression(
             createSimpleExpression('foo', false),
-            createSimpleExpression('bar', false)
-          ]) as IfCodegenNode
+            createSimpleExpression('bar', false),
+            createSimpleExpression('baz', false)
+          ) as IfConditionalExpression
         }
       })
     )
-    expect(code).toMatch(`return (foo, bar)`)
+    expect(code).toMatch(/return foo\s+\? bar\s+: baz/)
     expect(code).toMatchSnapshot()
   })
 
@@ -274,21 +279,29 @@ describe('compiler: codegen', () => {
           objectIndexAlias: undefined,
           children: [],
           parseResult: {} as any,
-          codegenNode: createSequenceExpression([
-            createSimpleExpression('foo', false),
-            createSimpleExpression('bar', false)
-          ]) as ForCodegenNode
+          codegenNode: {
+            type: NodeTypes.VNODE_CALL,
+            tag: FRAGMENT,
+            isBlock: true,
+            isForBlock: true,
+            props: undefined,
+            children: createCallExpression(RENDER_LIST),
+            patchFlag: '1',
+            dynamicProps: undefined,
+            directives: undefined,
+            loc: locStub
+          } as ForCodegenNode
         }
       })
     )
-    expect(code).toMatch(`return (foo, bar)`)
+    expect(code).toMatch(`openBlock(true)`)
     expect(code).toMatchSnapshot()
   })
 
   test('Element (callExpression + objectExpression + TemplateChildNode[])', () => {
     const { code } = generate(
       createRoot({
-        codegenNode: createElementWithCodegen([
+        codegenNode: createElementWithCodegen(
           // string
           `"div"`,
           // ObjectExpression
@@ -319,7 +332,7 @@ describe('compiler: codegen', () => {
           ),
           // ChildNode[]
           [
-            createElementWithCodegen([
+            createElementWithCodegen(
               `"p"`,
               createObjectExpression(
                 [
@@ -331,11 +344,11 @@ describe('compiler: codegen', () => {
                 ],
                 locStub
               )
-            ])
+            )
           ],
           // flag
           PatchFlags.FULL_PROPS + ''
-        ])
+        )
       })
     )
     expect(code).toMatch(`
@@ -365,19 +378,6 @@ describe('compiler: codegen', () => {
     expect(code).toMatchSnapshot()
   })
 
-  test('SequenceExpression', () => {
-    const { code } = generate(
-      createRoot({
-        codegenNode: createSequenceExpression([
-          createSimpleExpression(`foo`, false),
-          createCallExpression(`bar`, [`baz`])
-        ])
-      })
-    )
-    expect(code).toMatch(`return (foo, bar(baz))`)
-    expect(code).toMatchSnapshot()
-  })
-
   test('ConditionalExpression', () => {
     const { code } = generate(
       createRoot({
@@ -595,4 +595,149 @@ describe('compiler: codegen', () => {
       }"
     `)
   })
+
+  describe('VNodeCall', () => {
+    function genCode(node: VNodeCall) {
+      return generate(
+        createRoot({
+          codegenNode: node
+        })
+      ).code.match(/with \(this\) \{\s+([^]+)\s+\}\s+\}$/)![1]
+    }
+
+    const mockProps = createObjectExpression([
+      createObjectProperty(`foo`, createSimpleExpression(`bar`, true))
+    ])
+    const mockChildren = createCompoundExpression(['children'])
+    const mockDirs = createArrayExpression([
+      createArrayExpression([`foo`, createSimpleExpression(`bar`, false)])
+    ]) as DirectiveArguments
+
+    test('tag only', () => {
+      expect(genCode(createVNodeCall(null, `"div"`))).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
+              "return _createVNode(\\"div\\")
+               "
+          `)
+      expect(genCode(createVNodeCall(null, FRAGMENT))).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
+              "return _createVNode(_Fragment)
+               "
+          `)
+    })
+
+    test('with props', () => {
+      expect(genCode(createVNodeCall(null, `"div"`, mockProps)))
+        .toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
+              "return _createVNode(\\"div\\", { foo: \\"bar\\" })
+               "
+          `)
+    })
+
+    test('with children, no props', () => {
+      expect(genCode(createVNodeCall(null, `"div"`, undefined, mockChildren)))
+        .toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
+        "return _createVNode(\\"div\\", null, children)
+         "
+      `)
+    })
+
+    test('with children + props', () => {
+      expect(genCode(createVNodeCall(null, `"div"`, mockProps, mockChildren)))
+        .toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
+        "return _createVNode(\\"div\\", { foo: \\"bar\\" }, children)
+         "
+      `)
+    })
+
+    test('with patchFlag and no children/props', () => {
+      expect(genCode(createVNodeCall(null, `"div"`, undefined, undefined, '1')))
+        .toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
+        "return _createVNode(\\"div\\", null, null, 1)
+         "
+      `)
+    })
+
+    test('as block', () => {
+      expect(
+        genCode(
+          createVNodeCall(
+            null,
+            `"div"`,
+            mockProps,
+            mockChildren,
+            undefined,
+            undefined,
+            undefined,
+            true
+          )
+        )
+      ).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
+        "return (_openBlock(), _createBlock(\\"div\\", { foo: \\"bar\\" }, children))
+         "
+      `)
+    })
+
+    test('as for block', () => {
+      expect(
+        genCode(
+          createVNodeCall(
+            null,
+            `"div"`,
+            mockProps,
+            mockChildren,
+            undefined,
+            undefined,
+            undefined,
+            true,
+            true
+          )
+        )
+      ).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
+        "return (_openBlock(true), _createBlock(\\"div\\", { foo: \\"bar\\" }, children))
+         "
+      `)
+    })
+
+    test('with directives', () => {
+      expect(
+        genCode(
+          createVNodeCall(
+            null,
+            `"div"`,
+            mockProps,
+            mockChildren,
+            undefined,
+            undefined,
+            mockDirs
+          )
+        )
+      ).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
+        "return _withDirectives(_createVNode(\\"div\\", { foo: \\"bar\\" }, children), [
+              [foo, bar]
+            ])
+         "
+      `)
+    })
+
+    test('block + directives', () => {
+      expect(
+        genCode(
+          createVNodeCall(
+            null,
+            `"div"`,
+            mockProps,
+            mockChildren,
+            undefined,
+            undefined,
+            mockDirs,
+            true
+          )
+        )
+      ).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
+        "return _withDirectives((_openBlock(), _createBlock(\\"div\\", { foo: \\"bar\\" }, children)), [
+              [foo, bar]
+            ])
+         "
+      `)
+    })
+  })
 })
diff --git a/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/testUtils.ts b/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/testUtils.ts
index 8839cd12f..300873fac 100644
--- a/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/testUtils.ts
+++ b/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/testUtils.ts
@@ -4,9 +4,8 @@ import {
   locStub,
   Namespaces,
   ElementTypes,
-  PlainElementCodegenNode
+  VNodeCall
 } from '../src'
-import { CREATE_VNODE } from '../src/runtimeHelpers'
 import { isString, PatchFlags, PatchFlagNames, isArray } from '@vue/shared'
 
 const leadingBracketRE = /^\[/
@@ -39,7 +38,11 @@ export function createObjectMatcher(obj: Record<string, any>) {
 }
 
 export function createElementWithCodegen(
-  args: PlainElementCodegenNode['arguments']
+  tag: VNodeCall['tag'],
+  props?: VNodeCall['props'],
+  children?: VNodeCall['children'],
+  patchFlag?: VNodeCall['patchFlag'],
+  dynamicProps?: VNodeCall['dynamicProps']
 ): ElementNode {
   return {
     type: NodeTypes.ELEMENT,
@@ -51,10 +54,16 @@ export function createElementWithCodegen(
     props: [],
     children: [],
     codegenNode: {
-      type: NodeTypes.JS_CALL_EXPRESSION,
-      loc: locStub,
-      callee: CREATE_VNODE,
-      arguments: args
+      type: NodeTypes.VNODE_CALL,
+      tag,
+      props,
+      children,
+      patchFlag,
+      dynamicProps,
+      directives: undefined,
+      isBlock: false,
+      isForBlock: false,
+      loc: locStub
     }
   }
 }
diff --git a/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/transform.spec.ts b/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/transform.spec.ts
index d1b2bbd03..aededa2cc 100644
--- a/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/transform.spec.ts
+++ b/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/transform.spec.ts
@@ -4,16 +4,14 @@ import {
   ElementNode,
   NodeTypes,
   DirectiveNode,
-  ExpressionNode
+  ExpressionNode,
+  VNodeCall
 } from '../src/ast'
 import { ErrorCodes, createCompilerError } from '../src/errors'
 import {
   TO_DISPLAY_STRING,
-  OPEN_BLOCK,
-  CREATE_BLOCK,
   FRAGMENT,
   RENDER_SLOT,
-  WITH_DIRECTIVES,
   CREATE_COMMENT
 } from '../src/runtimeHelpers'
 import { transformIf } from '../src/transforms/vIf'
@@ -251,20 +249,19 @@ describe('compiler: transform', () => {
       return ast
     }
 
-    function createBlockMatcher(args: any[]) {
+    function createBlockMatcher(
+      tag: VNodeCall['tag'],
+      props?: VNodeCall['props'],
+      children?: VNodeCall['children'],
+      patchFlag?: VNodeCall['patchFlag']
+    ) {
       return {
-        type: NodeTypes.JS_SEQUENCE_EXPRESSION,
-        expressions: [
-          {
-            type: NodeTypes.JS_CALL_EXPRESSION,
-            callee: OPEN_BLOCK
-          },
-          {
-            type: NodeTypes.JS_CALL_EXPRESSION,
-            callee: CREATE_BLOCK,
-            arguments: args
-          }
-        ]
+        type: NodeTypes.VNODE_CALL,
+        isBlock: true,
+        tag,
+        props,
+        children,
+        patchFlag
       }
     }
 
@@ -285,7 +282,7 @@ describe('compiler: transform', () => {
 
     test('single element', () => {
       const ast = transformWithCodegen(`<div/>`)
-      expect(ast.codegenNode).toMatchObject(createBlockMatcher([`"div"`]))
+      expect(ast.codegenNode).toMatchObject(createBlockMatcher(`"div"`))
     })
 
     test('root v-if', () => {
@@ -305,22 +302,8 @@ describe('compiler: transform', () => {
     test('root element with custom directive', () => {
       const ast = transformWithCodegen(`<div v-foo/>`)
       expect(ast.codegenNode).toMatchObject({
-        type: NodeTypes.JS_SEQUENCE_EXPRESSION,
-        expressions: [
-          {
-            type: NodeTypes.JS_CALL_EXPRESSION,
-            callee: OPEN_BLOCK
-          },
-          {
-            type: NodeTypes.JS_CALL_EXPRESSION,
-            // should wrap withDirectives() around createBlock()
-            callee: WITH_DIRECTIVES,
-            arguments: [
-              { callee: CREATE_BLOCK },
-              { type: NodeTypes.JS_ARRAY_EXPRESSION }
-            ]
-          }
-        ]
+        type: NodeTypes.VNODE_CALL,
+        directives: { type: NodeTypes.JS_ARRAY_EXPRESSION }
       })
     })
 
@@ -348,15 +331,15 @@ describe('compiler: transform', () => {
     test('multiple children', () => {
       const ast = transformWithCodegen(`<div/><div/>`)
       expect(ast.codegenNode).toMatchObject(
-        createBlockMatcher([
+        createBlockMatcher(
           FRAGMENT,
-          `null`,
+          undefined,
           [
             { type: NodeTypes.ELEMENT, tag: `div` },
             { type: NodeTypes.ELEMENT, tag: `div` }
-          ],
+          ] as any,
           genFlagText(PatchFlags.STABLE_FRAGMENT)
-        ])
+        )
       )
     })
   })
diff --git a/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/transforms/__snapshots__/hoistStatic.spec.ts.snap b/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/transforms/__snapshots__/hoistStatic.spec.ts.snap
index c3678c7ad..f4f1936b5 100644
--- a/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/transforms/__snapshots__/hoistStatic.spec.ts.snap
+++ b/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/transforms/__snapshots__/hoistStatic.spec.ts.snap
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ const _hoisted_1 = _createVNode(\\"div\\", { key: \\"foo\\" })
 
 return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   with (this) {
-    const { createVNode: _createVNode, createBlock: _createBlock, openBlock: _openBlock } = _Vue
+    const { createVNode: _createVNode, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock } = _Vue
 
     return (_openBlock(), _createBlock(\\"div\\", null, [
       _hoisted_1
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ const _hoisted_1 = _createVNode(\\"p\\", null, [
 
 return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   with (this) {
-    const { createVNode: _createVNode, createBlock: _createBlock, openBlock: _openBlock } = _Vue
+    const { createVNode: _createVNode, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock } = _Vue
 
     return (_openBlock(), _createBlock(\\"div\\", null, [
       _hoisted_1
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ const _hoisted_1 = _createVNode(\\"div\\", null, [
 
 return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   with (this) {
-    const { createCommentVNode: _createCommentVNode, createVNode: _createVNode, createBlock: _createBlock, openBlock: _openBlock } = _Vue
+    const { createCommentVNode: _createCommentVNode, createVNode: _createVNode, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock } = _Vue
 
     return (_openBlock(), _createBlock(\\"div\\", null, [
       _hoisted_1
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ const _hoisted_2 = _createVNode(\\"div\\")
 
 return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   with (this) {
-    const { createVNode: _createVNode, createBlock: _createBlock, openBlock: _openBlock } = _Vue
+    const { createVNode: _createVNode, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock } = _Vue
 
     return (_openBlock(), _createBlock(\\"div\\", null, [
       _hoisted_1,
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ const _hoisted_1 = _createVNode(\\"span\\", { class: \\"inline\\" }, \\"hello\\"
 
 return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   with (this) {
-    const { createVNode: _createVNode, createBlock: _createBlock, openBlock: _openBlock } = _Vue
+    const { createVNode: _createVNode, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock } = _Vue
 
     return (_openBlock(), _createBlock(\\"div\\", null, [
       _hoisted_1
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ const _hoisted_1 = { id: \\"foo\\" }
 
 return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   with (this) {
-    const { createVNode: _createVNode, withDirectives: _withDirectives, resolveDirective: _resolveDirective, createBlock: _createBlock, openBlock: _openBlock } = _Vue
+    const { resolveDirective: _resolveDirective, createVNode: _createVNode, withDirectives: _withDirectives, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock } = _Vue
 
     const _directive_foo = _resolveDirective(\\"foo\\")
 
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ const _hoisted_1 = { id: \\"foo\\" }
 
 return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   with (this) {
-    const { toDisplayString: _toDisplayString, createVNode: _createVNode, createBlock: _createBlock, openBlock: _openBlock } = _Vue
+    const { toDisplayString: _toDisplayString, createVNode: _createVNode, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock } = _Vue
 
     return (_openBlock(), _createBlock(\\"div\\", null, [
       _createVNode(\\"div\\", _hoisted_1, _toDisplayString(hello), 1 /* TEXT */)
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ const _hoisted_1 = { id: \\"foo\\" }
 
 return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   with (this) {
-    const { resolveComponent: _resolveComponent, createVNode: _createVNode, createBlock: _createBlock, openBlock: _openBlock } = _Vue
+    const { resolveComponent: _resolveComponent, createVNode: _createVNode, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock } = _Vue
 
     const _component_Comp = _resolveComponent(\\"Comp\\")
 
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ const _hoisted_1 = { class: { foo: true } }
 
 return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   with (this) {
-    const { toDisplayString: _toDisplayString, createVNode: _createVNode, createBlock: _createBlock, openBlock: _openBlock } = _Vue
+    const { toDisplayString: _toDisplayString, createVNode: _createVNode, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock } = _Vue
 
     return (_openBlock(), _createBlock(\\"div\\", null, [
       _createVNode(\\"span\\", _hoisted_1, _toDisplayString(_ctx.bar), 1 /* TEXT */)
@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ const _hoisted_1 = _createVNode(\\"span\\", null, \\"foo \\" + _toDisplayString(
 
 return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   with (this) {
-    const { toDisplayString: _toDisplayString, createVNode: _createVNode, createBlock: _createBlock, openBlock: _openBlock } = _Vue
+    const { toDisplayString: _toDisplayString, createVNode: _createVNode, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock } = _Vue
 
     return (_openBlock(), _createBlock(\\"div\\", null, [
       _hoisted_1
@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ const _hoisted_1 = _createVNode(\\"span\\", { foo: 0 }, _toDisplayString(1))
 
 return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   with (this) {
-    const { toDisplayString: _toDisplayString, createVNode: _createVNode, createBlock: _createBlock, openBlock: _openBlock } = _Vue
+    const { toDisplayString: _toDisplayString, createVNode: _createVNode, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock } = _Vue
 
     return (_openBlock(), _createBlock(\\"div\\", null, [
       _hoisted_1
@@ -203,7 +203,7 @@ return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
 `;
 
 exports[`compiler: hoistStatic transform prefixIdentifiers should NOT hoist elements with cached handlers 1`] = `
-"import { createVNode as _createVNode, createBlock as _createBlock, openBlock as _openBlock } from \\"vue\\"
+"import { createVNode as _createVNode, openBlock as _openBlock, createBlock as _createBlock } from \\"vue\\"
 
 export function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   return (_openBlock(), _createBlock(\\"div\\", null, [
@@ -221,7 +221,7 @@ exports[`compiler: hoistStatic transform prefixIdentifiers should NOT hoist expr
 
 return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   with (this) {
-    const { renderList: _renderList, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock, Fragment: _Fragment, toDisplayString: _toDisplayString, createVNode: _createVNode } = _Vue
+    const { renderList: _renderList, Fragment: _Fragment, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock, toDisplayString: _toDisplayString, createVNode: _createVNode } = _Vue
 
     return (_openBlock(), _createBlock(\\"div\\", null, [
       (_openBlock(true), _createBlock(_Fragment, null, _renderList(_ctx.list, (o) => {
@@ -239,7 +239,7 @@ exports[`compiler: hoistStatic transform prefixIdentifiers should NOT hoist expr
 
 return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   with (this) {
-    const { toDisplayString: _toDisplayString, createTextVNode: _createTextVNode, resolveComponent: _resolveComponent, createVNode: _createVNode, createBlock: _createBlock, openBlock: _openBlock } = _Vue
+    const { toDisplayString: _toDisplayString, createTextVNode: _createTextVNode, resolveComponent: _resolveComponent, createVNode: _createVNode, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock } = _Vue
 
     const _component_Comp = _resolveComponent(\\"Comp\\")
 
@@ -258,7 +258,7 @@ exports[`compiler: hoistStatic transform prefixIdentifiers should NOT hoist expr
 
 return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   with (this) {
-    const { renderList: _renderList, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock, Fragment: _Fragment, toDisplayString: _toDisplayString, createVNode: _createVNode } = _Vue
+    const { renderList: _renderList, Fragment: _Fragment, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock, toDisplayString: _toDisplayString, createVNode: _createVNode } = _Vue
 
     return (_openBlock(), _createBlock(\\"div\\", null, [
       (_openBlock(true), _createBlock(_Fragment, null, _renderList(_ctx.list, (o) => {
@@ -276,7 +276,7 @@ exports[`compiler: hoistStatic transform should NOT hoist components 1`] = `
 
 return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   with (this) {
-    const { resolveComponent: _resolveComponent, createVNode: _createVNode, createBlock: _createBlock, openBlock: _openBlock } = _Vue
+    const { resolveComponent: _resolveComponent, createVNode: _createVNode, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock } = _Vue
 
     const _component_Comp = _resolveComponent(\\"Comp\\")
 
@@ -292,7 +292,7 @@ exports[`compiler: hoistStatic transform should NOT hoist element with dynamic k
 
 return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   with (this) {
-    const { createVNode: _createVNode, createBlock: _createBlock, openBlock: _openBlock } = _Vue
+    const { createVNode: _createVNode, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock } = _Vue
 
     return (_openBlock(), _createBlock(\\"div\\", null, [
       _createVNode(\\"div\\", { key: foo })
@@ -306,7 +306,7 @@ exports[`compiler: hoistStatic transform should NOT hoist element with dynamic p
 
 return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   with (this) {
-    const { createVNode: _createVNode, createBlock: _createBlock, openBlock: _openBlock } = _Vue
+    const { createVNode: _createVNode, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock } = _Vue
 
     return (_openBlock(), _createBlock(\\"div\\", null, [
       _createVNode(\\"div\\", { id: foo }, null, 8 /* PROPS */, [\\"id\\"])
@@ -320,7 +320,7 @@ exports[`compiler: hoistStatic transform should NOT hoist element with dynamic r
 
 return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   with (this) {
-    const { createVNode: _createVNode, createBlock: _createBlock, openBlock: _openBlock } = _Vue
+    const { createVNode: _createVNode, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock } = _Vue
 
     return (_openBlock(), _createBlock(\\"div\\", null, [
       _createVNode(\\"div\\", { ref: foo }, null, 32 /* NEED_PATCH */)
@@ -334,7 +334,7 @@ exports[`compiler: hoistStatic transform should NOT hoist root node 1`] = `
 
 return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   with (this) {
-    const { createVNode: _createVNode, createBlock: _createBlock, openBlock: _openBlock } = _Vue
+    const { createVNode: _createVNode, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock } = _Vue
 
     return (_openBlock(), _createBlock(\\"div\\"))
   }
@@ -350,7 +350,7 @@ const _hoisted_2 = _createVNode(\\"span\\")
 
 return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   with (this) {
-    const { renderList: _renderList, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock, Fragment: _Fragment, createVNode: _createVNode } = _Vue
+    const { renderList: _renderList, Fragment: _Fragment, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock, createVNode: _createVNode } = _Vue
 
     return (_openBlock(), _createBlock(\\"div\\", null, [
       (_openBlock(true), _createBlock(_Fragment, null, _renderList(list, (i) => {
@@ -378,11 +378,11 @@ return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
     const { createVNode: _createVNode, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock, createCommentVNode: _createCommentVNode } = _Vue
 
     return (_openBlock(), _createBlock(\\"div\\", null, [
-      (_openBlock(), ok
-        ? _createBlock(\\"div\\", _hoisted_1, [
+      ok
+        ? (_openBlock(), _createBlock(\\"div\\", _hoisted_1, [
             _hoisted_2
-          ])
-        : _createCommentVNode(\\"v-if\\", true))
+          ]))
+        : _createCommentVNode(\\"v-if\\", true)
     ]))
   }
 }"
diff --git a/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/transforms/__snapshots__/transformText.spec.ts.snap b/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/transforms/__snapshots__/transformText.spec.ts.snap
index f75897739..ebf472ad3 100644
--- a/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/transforms/__snapshots__/transformText.spec.ts.snap
+++ b/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/transforms/__snapshots__/transformText.spec.ts.snap
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ exports[`compiler: transform text <template v-for> 1`] = `
 
 return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   with (this) {
-    const { renderList: _renderList, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock, Fragment: _Fragment, createTextVNode: _createTextVNode } = _Vue
+    const { renderList: _renderList, Fragment: _Fragment, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock, createTextVNode: _createTextVNode } = _Vue
 
     return (_openBlock(true), _createBlock(_Fragment, null, _renderList(list, (i) => {
       return (_openBlock(), _createBlock(_Fragment, null, [
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ exports[`compiler: transform text consecutive text between elements 1`] = `
 
 return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   with (this) {
-    const { createVNode: _createVNode, toDisplayString: _toDisplayString, createTextVNode: _createTextVNode, createBlock: _createBlock, Fragment: _Fragment, openBlock: _openBlock } = _Vue
+    const { createVNode: _createVNode, toDisplayString: _toDisplayString, createTextVNode: _createTextVNode, Fragment: _Fragment, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock } = _Vue
 
     return (_openBlock(), _createBlock(_Fragment, null, [
       _createVNode(\\"div\\"),
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ exports[`compiler: transform text consecutive text mixed with elements 1`] = `
 
 return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   with (this) {
-    const { createVNode: _createVNode, toDisplayString: _toDisplayString, createTextVNode: _createTextVNode, createBlock: _createBlock, Fragment: _Fragment, openBlock: _openBlock } = _Vue
+    const { createVNode: _createVNode, toDisplayString: _toDisplayString, createTextVNode: _createTextVNode, Fragment: _Fragment, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock } = _Vue
 
     return (_openBlock(), _createBlock(_Fragment, null, [
       _createVNode(\\"div\\"),
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ exports[`compiler: transform text text between elements (static) 1`] = `
 
 return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   with (this) {
-    const { createVNode: _createVNode, createTextVNode: _createTextVNode, createBlock: _createBlock, Fragment: _Fragment, openBlock: _openBlock } = _Vue
+    const { createVNode: _createVNode, createTextVNode: _createTextVNode, Fragment: _Fragment, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock } = _Vue
 
     return (_openBlock(), _createBlock(_Fragment, null, [
       _createVNode(\\"div\\"),
diff --git a/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/transforms/__snapshots__/vFor.spec.ts.snap b/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/transforms/__snapshots__/vFor.spec.ts.snap
index f89688206..9b721ef85 100644
--- a/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/transforms/__snapshots__/vFor.spec.ts.snap
+++ b/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/transforms/__snapshots__/vFor.spec.ts.snap
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ exports[`compiler: v-for codegen basic v-for 1`] = `
 
 return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   with (this) {
-    const { renderList: _renderList, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock, Fragment: _Fragment, createVNode: _createVNode } = _Vue
+    const { renderList: _renderList, Fragment: _Fragment, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock, createVNode: _createVNode } = _Vue
 
     return (_openBlock(true), _createBlock(_Fragment, null, _renderList(items, (item) => {
       return (_openBlock(), _createBlock(\\"span\\"))
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ exports[`compiler: v-for codegen keyed template v-for 1`] = `
 
 return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   with (this) {
-    const { renderList: _renderList, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock, Fragment: _Fragment, createVNode: _createVNode } = _Vue
+    const { renderList: _renderList, Fragment: _Fragment, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock, createVNode: _createVNode } = _Vue
 
     return (_openBlock(true), _createBlock(_Fragment, null, _renderList(items, (item) => {
       return (_openBlock(), _createBlock(_Fragment, { key: item }, [
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ exports[`compiler: v-for codegen keyed v-for 1`] = `
 
 return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   with (this) {
-    const { renderList: _renderList, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock, Fragment: _Fragment, createVNode: _createVNode } = _Vue
+    const { renderList: _renderList, Fragment: _Fragment, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock, createVNode: _createVNode } = _Vue
 
     return (_openBlock(true), _createBlock(_Fragment, null, _renderList(items, (item) => {
       return (_openBlock(), _createBlock(\\"span\\", { key: item }))
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ exports[`compiler: v-for codegen skipped key 1`] = `
 
 return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   with (this) {
-    const { renderList: _renderList, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock, Fragment: _Fragment, createVNode: _createVNode } = _Vue
+    const { renderList: _renderList, Fragment: _Fragment, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock, createVNode: _createVNode } = _Vue
 
     return (_openBlock(true), _createBlock(_Fragment, null, _renderList(items, (item, __, index) => {
       return (_openBlock(), _createBlock(\\"span\\"))
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ exports[`compiler: v-for codegen skipped value & key 1`] = `
 
 return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   with (this) {
-    const { renderList: _renderList, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock, Fragment: _Fragment, createVNode: _createVNode } = _Vue
+    const { renderList: _renderList, Fragment: _Fragment, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock, createVNode: _createVNode } = _Vue
 
     return (_openBlock(true), _createBlock(_Fragment, null, _renderList(items, (_, __, index) => {
       return (_openBlock(), _createBlock(\\"span\\"))
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ exports[`compiler: v-for codegen skipped value 1`] = `
 
 return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   with (this) {
-    const { renderList: _renderList, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock, Fragment: _Fragment, createVNode: _createVNode } = _Vue
+    const { renderList: _renderList, Fragment: _Fragment, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock, createVNode: _createVNode } = _Vue
 
     return (_openBlock(true), _createBlock(_Fragment, null, _renderList(items, (_, key, index) => {
       return (_openBlock(), _createBlock(\\"span\\"))
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ exports[`compiler: v-for codegen template v-for 1`] = `
 
 return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   with (this) {
-    const { renderList: _renderList, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock, Fragment: _Fragment, createVNode: _createVNode } = _Vue
+    const { renderList: _renderList, Fragment: _Fragment, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock, createVNode: _createVNode } = _Vue
 
     return (_openBlock(true), _createBlock(_Fragment, null, _renderList(items, (item) => {
       return (_openBlock(), _createBlock(_Fragment, null, [
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ exports[`compiler: v-for codegen template v-for w/ <slot/> 1`] = `
 
 return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   with (this) {
-    const { renderList: _renderList, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock, Fragment: _Fragment, renderSlot: _renderSlot } = _Vue
+    const { renderList: _renderList, Fragment: _Fragment, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock, renderSlot: _renderSlot } = _Vue
 
     return (_openBlock(true), _createBlock(_Fragment, null, _renderList(items, (item) => {
       return _renderSlot($slots, \\"default\\")
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ exports[`compiler: v-for codegen v-for on <slot/> 1`] = `
 
 return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   with (this) {
-    const { renderList: _renderList, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock, Fragment: _Fragment, renderSlot: _renderSlot } = _Vue
+    const { renderList: _renderList, Fragment: _Fragment, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock, renderSlot: _renderSlot } = _Vue
 
     return (_openBlock(true), _createBlock(_Fragment, null, _renderList(items, (item) => {
       return _renderSlot($slots, \\"default\\")
@@ -137,14 +137,14 @@ exports[`compiler: v-for codegen v-for on element with custom directive 1`] = `
 
 return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   with (this) {
-    const { renderList: _renderList, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock, Fragment: _Fragment, createVNode: _createVNode, withDirectives: _withDirectives, resolveDirective: _resolveDirective } = _Vue
+    const { renderList: _renderList, Fragment: _Fragment, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock, resolveDirective: _resolveDirective, createVNode: _createVNode, withDirectives: _withDirectives } = _Vue
 
     const _directive_foo = _resolveDirective(\\"foo\\")
 
     return (_openBlock(true), _createBlock(_Fragment, null, _renderList(list, (i) => {
-      return (_openBlock(), _withDirectives(_createBlock(\\"div\\", null, null, 32 /* NEED_PATCH */), [
+      return _withDirectives((_openBlock(), _createBlock(\\"div\\", null, null, 32 /* NEED_PATCH */)), [
         [_directive_foo]
-      ]))
+      ])
     }), 256 /* UNKEYED_FRAGMENT */))
   }
 }"
@@ -155,13 +155,13 @@ exports[`compiler: v-for codegen v-if + v-for 1`] = `
 
 return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   with (this) {
-    const { renderList: _renderList, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock, Fragment: _Fragment, createVNode: _createVNode, createCommentVNode: _createCommentVNode } = _Vue
+    const { renderList: _renderList, Fragment: _Fragment, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock, createVNode: _createVNode, createCommentVNode: _createCommentVNode } = _Vue
 
-    return (_openBlock(), ok
-      ? _createBlock(_Fragment, { key: 0 }, _renderList(list, (i) => {
+    return ok
+      ? (_openBlock(true), _createBlock(_Fragment, { key: 0 }, _renderList(list, (i) => {
           return (_openBlock(), _createBlock(\\"div\\"))
-        }), 256 /* UNKEYED_FRAGMENT */)
-      : _createCommentVNode(\\"v-if\\", true))
+        }), 256 /* UNKEYED_FRAGMENT */))
+      : _createCommentVNode(\\"v-if\\", true)
   }
 }"
 `;
@@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ exports[`compiler: v-for codegen value + key + index 1`] = `
 
 return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   with (this) {
-    const { renderList: _renderList, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock, Fragment: _Fragment, createVNode: _createVNode } = _Vue
+    const { renderList: _renderList, Fragment: _Fragment, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock, createVNode: _createVNode } = _Vue
 
     return (_openBlock(true), _createBlock(_Fragment, null, _renderList(items, (item, key, index) => {
       return (_openBlock(), _createBlock(\\"span\\"))
diff --git a/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/transforms/__snapshots__/vIf.spec.ts.snap b/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/transforms/__snapshots__/vIf.spec.ts.snap
index 891371495..f2fd2c281 100644
--- a/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/transforms/__snapshots__/vIf.spec.ts.snap
+++ b/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/transforms/__snapshots__/vIf.spec.ts.snap
@@ -7,9 +7,9 @@ return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   with (this) {
     const { createVNode: _createVNode, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock, createCommentVNode: _createCommentVNode } = _Vue
 
-    return (_openBlock(), ok
-      ? _createBlock(\\"div\\", { key: 0 })
-      : _createCommentVNode(\\"v-if\\", true))
+    return ok
+      ? (_openBlock(), _createBlock(\\"div\\", { key: 0 }))
+      : _createCommentVNode(\\"v-if\\", true)
   }
 }"
 `;
@@ -19,15 +19,15 @@ exports[`compiler: v-if codegen template v-if 1`] = `
 
 return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   with (this) {
-    const { createVNode: _createVNode, openBlock: _openBlock, Fragment: _Fragment, createBlock: _createBlock, createCommentVNode: _createCommentVNode } = _Vue
+    const { createVNode: _createVNode, Fragment: _Fragment, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock, createCommentVNode: _createCommentVNode } = _Vue
 
-    return (_openBlock(), ok
-      ? _createBlock(_Fragment, { key: 0 }, [
+    return ok
+      ? (_openBlock(), _createBlock(_Fragment, { key: 0 }, [
           _createVNode(\\"div\\"),
           \\"hello\\",
           _createVNode(\\"p\\")
-        ])
-      : _createCommentVNode(\\"v-if\\", true))
+        ]))
+      : _createCommentVNode(\\"v-if\\", true)
   }
 }"
 `;
@@ -37,11 +37,11 @@ exports[`compiler: v-if codegen template v-if w/ single <slot/> child 1`] = `
 
 return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   with (this) {
-    const { renderSlot: _renderSlot, openBlock: _openBlock, createCommentVNode: _createCommentVNode } = _Vue
+    const { renderSlot: _renderSlot, createCommentVNode: _createCommentVNode } = _Vue
 
-    return (_openBlock(), ok
+    return ok
       ? _renderSlot($slots, \\"default\\", { key: 0 })
-      : _createCommentVNode(\\"v-if\\", true))
+      : _createCommentVNode(\\"v-if\\", true)
   }
 }"
 `;
@@ -53,9 +53,9 @@ return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   with (this) {
     const { createVNode: _createVNode, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock, createCommentVNode: _createCommentVNode } = _Vue
 
-    return (_openBlock(), ok
-      ? _createBlock(\\"div\\", { key: 0 })
-      : _createBlock(\\"p\\", { key: 1 }))
+    return ok
+      ? (_openBlock(), _createBlock(\\"div\\", { key: 0 }))
+      : (_openBlock(), _createBlock(\\"p\\", { key: 1 }))
   }
 }"
 `;
@@ -67,11 +67,11 @@ return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   with (this) {
     const { createVNode: _createVNode, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock, createCommentVNode: _createCommentVNode, Fragment: _Fragment } = _Vue
 
-    return (_openBlock(), ok
-      ? _createBlock(\\"div\\", { key: 0 })
+    return ok
+      ? (_openBlock(), _createBlock(\\"div\\", { key: 0 }))
       : orNot
-        ? _createBlock(\\"p\\", { key: 1 })
-        : _createBlock(_Fragment, { key: 2 }, [\\"fine\\"]))
+        ? (_openBlock(), _createBlock(\\"p\\", { key: 1 }))
+        : (_openBlock(), _createBlock(_Fragment, { key: 2 }, [\\"fine\\"]))
   }
 }"
 `;
@@ -83,11 +83,11 @@ return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   with (this) {
     const { createVNode: _createVNode, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock, createCommentVNode: _createCommentVNode } = _Vue
 
-    return (_openBlock(), ok
-      ? _createBlock(\\"div\\", { key: 0 })
+    return ok
+      ? (_openBlock(), _createBlock(\\"div\\", { key: 0 }))
       : orNot
-        ? _createBlock(\\"p\\", { key: 1 })
-        : _createCommentVNode(\\"v-if\\", true))
+        ? (_openBlock(), _createBlock(\\"p\\", { key: 1 }))
+        : _createCommentVNode(\\"v-if\\", true)
   }
 }"
 `;
@@ -97,11 +97,11 @@ exports[`compiler: v-if codegen v-if on <slot/> 1`] = `
 
 return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   with (this) {
-    const { renderSlot: _renderSlot, openBlock: _openBlock, createCommentVNode: _createCommentVNode } = _Vue
+    const { renderSlot: _renderSlot, createCommentVNode: _createCommentVNode } = _Vue
 
-    return (_openBlock(), ok
+    return ok
       ? _renderSlot($slots, \\"default\\", { key: 0 })
-      : _createCommentVNode(\\"v-if\\", true))
+      : _createCommentVNode(\\"v-if\\", true)
   }
 }"
 `;
@@ -113,9 +113,9 @@ return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   with (this) {
     const { createVNode: _createVNode, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock, createCommentVNode: _createCommentVNode } = _Vue
 
-    return (_openBlock(), ok
-      ? _createBlock(\\"div\\", { key: \\"some-key\\" })
-      : _createCommentVNode(\\"v-if\\", true))
+    return ok
+      ? (_openBlock(), _createBlock(\\"div\\", { key: \\"some-key\\" }))
+      : _createCommentVNode(\\"v-if\\", true)
   }
 }"
 `;
diff --git a/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/transforms/__snapshots__/vModel.spec.ts.snap b/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/transforms/__snapshots__/vModel.spec.ts.snap
index dddef6e09..b1386eabd 100644
--- a/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/transforms/__snapshots__/vModel.spec.ts.snap
+++ b/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/transforms/__snapshots__/vModel.spec.ts.snap
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // Jest Snapshot v1, https://goo.gl/fbAQLP
 
 exports[`compiler: transform v-model compound expression (with prefixIdentifiers) 1`] = `
-"import { createVNode as _createVNode, createBlock as _createBlock, openBlock as _openBlock } from \\"vue\\"
+"import { createVNode as _createVNode, openBlock as _openBlock, createBlock as _createBlock } from \\"vue\\"
 
 export function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   return (_openBlock(), _createBlock(\\"input\\", {
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ exports[`compiler: transform v-model compound expression 1`] = `
 
 return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   with (this) {
-    const { createVNode: _createVNode, createBlock: _createBlock, openBlock: _openBlock } = _Vue
+    const { createVNode: _createVNode, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock } = _Vue
 
     return (_openBlock(), _createBlock(\\"input\\", {
       modelValue: model[index],
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
 `;
 
 exports[`compiler: transform v-model simple exprssion (with prefixIdentifiers) 1`] = `
-"import { createVNode as _createVNode, createBlock as _createBlock, openBlock as _openBlock } from \\"vue\\"
+"import { createVNode as _createVNode, openBlock as _openBlock, createBlock as _createBlock } from \\"vue\\"
 
 export function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   return (_openBlock(), _createBlock(\\"input\\", {
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ exports[`compiler: transform v-model simple exprssion 1`] = `
 
 return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   with (this) {
-    const { createVNode: _createVNode, createBlock: _createBlock, openBlock: _openBlock } = _Vue
+    const { createVNode: _createVNode, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock } = _Vue
 
     return (_openBlock(), _createBlock(\\"input\\", {
       modelValue: model,
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ exports[`compiler: transform v-model with argument 1`] = `
 
 return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   with (this) {
-    const { createVNode: _createVNode, createBlock: _createBlock, openBlock: _openBlock } = _Vue
+    const { createVNode: _createVNode, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock } = _Vue
 
     return (_openBlock(), _createBlock(\\"input\\", {
       value: model,
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
 `;
 
 exports[`compiler: transform v-model with dynamic argument (with prefixIdentifiers) 1`] = `
-"import { createVNode as _createVNode, createBlock as _createBlock, openBlock as _openBlock } from \\"vue\\"
+"import { createVNode as _createVNode, openBlock as _openBlock, createBlock as _createBlock } from \\"vue\\"
 
 export function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   return (_openBlock(), _createBlock(\\"input\\", {
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ exports[`compiler: transform v-model with dynamic argument 1`] = `
 
 return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   with (this) {
-    const { createVNode: _createVNode, createBlock: _createBlock, openBlock: _openBlock } = _Vue
+    const { createVNode: _createVNode, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock } = _Vue
 
     return (_openBlock(), _createBlock(\\"input\\", {
       [value]: model,
diff --git a/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/transforms/__snapshots__/vOnce.spec.ts.snap b/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/transforms/__snapshots__/vOnce.spec.ts.snap
index 26761012e..fb650e1d3 100644
--- a/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/transforms/__snapshots__/vOnce.spec.ts.snap
+++ b/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/transforms/__snapshots__/vOnce.spec.ts.snap
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ exports[`compiler: v-once transform on component 1`] = `
 
 return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   with (this) {
-    const { setBlockTracking: _setBlockTracking, resolveComponent: _resolveComponent, createVNode: _createVNode, createBlock: _createBlock, openBlock: _openBlock } = _Vue
+    const { setBlockTracking: _setBlockTracking, resolveComponent: _resolveComponent, createVNode: _createVNode, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock } = _Vue
 
     const _component_Comp = _resolveComponent(\\"Comp\\")
 
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ exports[`compiler: v-once transform on nested plain element 1`] = `
 
 return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   with (this) {
-    const { setBlockTracking: _setBlockTracking, createVNode: _createVNode, createBlock: _createBlock, openBlock: _openBlock } = _Vue
+    const { setBlockTracking: _setBlockTracking, createVNode: _createVNode, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock } = _Vue
 
     return (_openBlock(), _createBlock(\\"div\\", null, [
       _cache[1] || (
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ exports[`compiler: v-once transform on slot outlet 1`] = `
 
 return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   with (this) {
-    const { setBlockTracking: _setBlockTracking, renderSlot: _renderSlot, createVNode: _createVNode, createBlock: _createBlock, openBlock: _openBlock } = _Vue
+    const { setBlockTracking: _setBlockTracking, renderSlot: _renderSlot, createVNode: _createVNode, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock } = _Vue
 
     return (_openBlock(), _createBlock(\\"div\\", null, [
       _cache[1] || (
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ exports[`compiler: v-once transform with hoistStatic: true 1`] = `
 
 return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   with (this) {
-    const { setBlockTracking: _setBlockTracking, createVNode: _createVNode, createBlock: _createBlock, openBlock: _openBlock } = _Vue
+    const { setBlockTracking: _setBlockTracking, createVNode: _createVNode, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock } = _Vue
 
     return (_openBlock(), _createBlock(\\"div\\", null, [
       _cache[1] || (
diff --git a/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/transforms/__snapshots__/vSlot.spec.ts.snap b/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/transforms/__snapshots__/vSlot.spec.ts.snap
index 7e7aab135..468be3931 100644
--- a/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/transforms/__snapshots__/vSlot.spec.ts.snap
+++ b/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/transforms/__snapshots__/vSlot.spec.ts.snap
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // Jest Snapshot v1, https://goo.gl/fbAQLP
 
 exports[`compiler: transform component slots dynamically named slots 1`] = `
-"const { toDisplayString: _toDisplayString, resolveComponent: _resolveComponent, createVNode: _createVNode, createBlock: _createBlock, openBlock: _openBlock } = Vue
+"const { toDisplayString: _toDisplayString, resolveComponent: _resolveComponent, createVNode: _createVNode, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock } = Vue
 
 return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   const _component_Comp = _resolveComponent(\\"Comp\\")
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
 `;
 
 exports[`compiler: transform component slots implicit default slot 1`] = `
-"const { createVNode: _createVNode, resolveComponent: _resolveComponent, createBlock: _createBlock, openBlock: _openBlock } = Vue
+"const { createVNode: _createVNode, resolveComponent: _resolveComponent, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock } = Vue
 
 return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   const _component_Comp = _resolveComponent(\\"Comp\\")
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
 `;
 
 exports[`compiler: transform component slots named slot with v-for w/ prefixIdentifiers: true 1`] = `
-"const { toDisplayString: _toDisplayString, resolveComponent: _resolveComponent, renderList: _renderList, createSlots: _createSlots, createVNode: _createVNode, createBlock: _createBlock, openBlock: _openBlock } = Vue
+"const { toDisplayString: _toDisplayString, resolveComponent: _resolveComponent, renderList: _renderList, createSlots: _createSlots, createVNode: _createVNode, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock } = Vue
 
 return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   const _component_Comp = _resolveComponent(\\"Comp\\")
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
 `;
 
 exports[`compiler: transform component slots named slot with v-if + prefixIdentifiers: true 1`] = `
-"const { toDisplayString: _toDisplayString, resolveComponent: _resolveComponent, createSlots: _createSlots, createVNode: _createVNode, createBlock: _createBlock, openBlock: _openBlock } = Vue
+"const { toDisplayString: _toDisplayString, resolveComponent: _resolveComponent, createSlots: _createSlots, createVNode: _createVNode, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock } = Vue
 
 return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   const _component_Comp = _resolveComponent(\\"Comp\\")
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ exports[`compiler: transform component slots named slot with v-if + v-else-if +
 
 return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   with (this) {
-    const { resolveComponent: _resolveComponent, createSlots: _createSlots, createVNode: _createVNode, createBlock: _createBlock, openBlock: _openBlock } = _Vue
+    const { resolveComponent: _resolveComponent, createSlots: _createSlots, createVNode: _createVNode, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock } = _Vue
 
     const _component_Comp = _resolveComponent(\\"Comp\\")
 
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ exports[`compiler: transform component slots named slot with v-if 1`] = `
 
 return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   with (this) {
-    const { resolveComponent: _resolveComponent, createSlots: _createSlots, createVNode: _createVNode, createBlock: _createBlock, openBlock: _openBlock } = _Vue
+    const { resolveComponent: _resolveComponent, createSlots: _createSlots, createVNode: _createVNode, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock } = _Vue
 
     const _component_Comp = _resolveComponent(\\"Comp\\")
 
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
 `;
 
 exports[`compiler: transform component slots named slots 1`] = `
-"const { toDisplayString: _toDisplayString, resolveComponent: _resolveComponent, createVNode: _createVNode, createBlock: _createBlock, openBlock: _openBlock } = Vue
+"const { toDisplayString: _toDisplayString, resolveComponent: _resolveComponent, createVNode: _createVNode, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock } = Vue
 
 return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   const _component_Comp = _resolveComponent(\\"Comp\\")
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ exports[`compiler: transform component slots named slots w/ implicit default slo
 
 return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   with (this) {
-    const { createVNode: _createVNode, resolveComponent: _resolveComponent, createBlock: _createBlock, openBlock: _openBlock } = _Vue
+    const { createVNode: _createVNode, resolveComponent: _resolveComponent, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock } = _Vue
 
     const _component_Comp = _resolveComponent(\\"Comp\\")
 
@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
 `;
 
 exports[`compiler: transform component slots nested slots scoping 1`] = `
-"const { toDisplayString: _toDisplayString, resolveComponent: _resolveComponent, createVNode: _createVNode, createBlock: _createBlock, openBlock: _openBlock } = Vue
+"const { toDisplayString: _toDisplayString, resolveComponent: _resolveComponent, createVNode: _createVNode, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock } = Vue
 
 return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   const _component_Inner = _resolveComponent(\\"Inner\\")
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
 `;
 
 exports[`compiler: transform component slots on-component default slot 1`] = `
-"const { toDisplayString: _toDisplayString, resolveComponent: _resolveComponent, createVNode: _createVNode, createBlock: _createBlock, openBlock: _openBlock } = Vue
+"const { toDisplayString: _toDisplayString, resolveComponent: _resolveComponent, createVNode: _createVNode, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock } = Vue
 
 return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   const _component_Comp = _resolveComponent(\\"Comp\\")
diff --git a/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/transforms/hoistStatic.spec.ts b/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/transforms/hoistStatic.spec.ts
index 502403124..5751b63f9 100644
--- a/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/transforms/hoistStatic.spec.ts
+++ b/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/transforms/hoistStatic.spec.ts
@@ -3,17 +3,13 @@ import {
   transform,
   NodeTypes,
   generate,
-  CompilerOptions
+  CompilerOptions,
+  VNodeCall,
+  IfNode,
+  ElementNode,
+  ForNode
 } from '../../src'
-import {
-  OPEN_BLOCK,
-  CREATE_BLOCK,
-  CREATE_VNODE,
-  WITH_DIRECTIVES,
-  FRAGMENT,
-  RENDER_LIST,
-  CREATE_TEXT
-} from '../../src/runtimeHelpers'
+import { FRAGMENT, RENDER_LIST, CREATE_TEXT } from '../../src/runtimeHelpers'
 import { transformElement } from '../../src/transforms/transformElement'
 import { transformExpression } from '../../src/transforms/transformExpression'
 import { transformIf } from '../../src/transforms/vIf'
@@ -21,8 +17,8 @@ import { transformFor } from '../../src/transforms/vFor'
 import { transformBind } from '../../src/transforms/vBind'
 import { transformOn } from '../../src/transforms/vOn'
 import { createObjectMatcher, genFlagText } from '../testUtils'
-import { PatchFlags } from '@vue/shared'
 import { transformText } from '../../src/transforms/transformText'
+import { PatchFlags } from '@vue/shared'
 
 function transformWithHoist(template: string, options: CompilerOptions = {}) {
   const ast = parse(template)
@@ -42,56 +38,43 @@ function transformWithHoist(template: string, options: CompilerOptions = {}) {
     ...options
   })
   expect(ast.codegenNode).toMatchObject({
-    type: NodeTypes.JS_SEQUENCE_EXPRESSION,
-    expressions: [
-      {
-        type: NodeTypes.JS_CALL_EXPRESSION,
-        callee: OPEN_BLOCK
-      },
-      {
-        type: NodeTypes.JS_CALL_EXPRESSION,
-        callee: CREATE_BLOCK
-      }
-    ]
+    type: NodeTypes.VNODE_CALL,
+    isBlock: true
   })
-  return {
-    root: ast,
-    args: (ast.codegenNode as any).expressions[1].arguments
-  }
+  return ast
 }
 
 describe('compiler: hoistStatic transform', () => {
   test('should NOT hoist root node', () => {
     // if the whole tree is static, the root still needs to be a block
     // so that it's patched in optimized mode to skip children
-    const { root, args } = transformWithHoist(`<div/>`)
+    const root = transformWithHoist(`<div/>`)
     expect(root.hoists.length).toBe(0)
-    expect(args).toEqual([`"div"`])
+    expect(root.codegenNode).toMatchObject({
+      tag: `"div"`
+    })
     expect(generate(root).code).toMatchSnapshot()
   })
 
   test('hoist simple element', () => {
-    const { root, args } = transformWithHoist(
+    const root = transformWithHoist(
       `<div><span class="inline">hello</span></div>`
     )
     expect(root.hoists).toMatchObject([
       {
-        type: NodeTypes.JS_CALL_EXPRESSION,
-        callee: CREATE_VNODE,
-        arguments: [
-          `"span"`,
-          createObjectMatcher({ class: 'inline' }),
-          {
-            type: NodeTypes.TEXT,
-            content: `hello`
-          }
-        ]
+        type: NodeTypes.VNODE_CALL,
+        tag: `"span"`,
+        props: createObjectMatcher({ class: 'inline' }),
+        children: {
+          type: NodeTypes.TEXT,
+          content: `hello`
+        }
       }
     ])
-    expect(args).toMatchObject([
-      `"div"`,
-      `null`,
-      [
+    expect(root.codegenNode).toMatchObject({
+      tag: `"div"`,
+      props: undefined,
+      children: [
         {
           type: NodeTypes.ELEMENT,
           codegenNode: {
@@ -100,29 +83,24 @@ describe('compiler: hoistStatic transform', () => {
           }
         }
       ]
-    ])
+    })
     expect(generate(root).code).toMatchSnapshot()
   })
 
   test('hoist nested static tree', () => {
-    const { root, args } = transformWithHoist(
-      `<div><p><span/><span/></p></div>`
-    )
+    const root = transformWithHoist(`<div><p><span/><span/></p></div>`)
     expect(root.hoists).toMatchObject([
       {
-        type: NodeTypes.JS_CALL_EXPRESSION,
-        callee: CREATE_VNODE,
-        arguments: [
-          `"p"`,
-          `null`,
-          [
-            { type: NodeTypes.ELEMENT, tag: `span` },
-            { type: NodeTypes.ELEMENT, tag: `span` }
-          ]
+        type: NodeTypes.VNODE_CALL,
+        tag: `"p"`,
+        props: undefined,
+        children: [
+          { type: NodeTypes.ELEMENT, tag: `span` },
+          { type: NodeTypes.ELEMENT, tag: `span` }
         ]
       }
     ])
-    expect(args[2]).toMatchObject([
+    expect((root.codegenNode as VNodeCall).children).toMatchObject([
       {
         type: NodeTypes.ELEMENT,
         codegenNode: {
@@ -135,21 +113,16 @@ describe('compiler: hoistStatic transform', () => {
   })
 
   test('hoist nested static tree with comments', () => {
-    const { root, args } = transformWithHoist(
-      `<div><div><!--comment--></div></div>`
-    )
+    const root = transformWithHoist(`<div><div><!--comment--></div></div>`)
     expect(root.hoists).toMatchObject([
       {
-        type: NodeTypes.JS_CALL_EXPRESSION,
-        callee: CREATE_VNODE,
-        arguments: [
-          `"div"`,
-          `null`,
-          [{ type: NodeTypes.COMMENT, content: `comment` }]
-        ]
+        type: NodeTypes.VNODE_CALL,
+        tag: `"div"`,
+        props: undefined,
+        children: [{ type: NodeTypes.COMMENT, content: `comment` }]
       }
     ])
-    expect(args[2]).toMatchObject([
+    expect((root.codegenNode as VNodeCall).children).toMatchObject([
       {
         type: NodeTypes.ELEMENT,
         codegenNode: {
@@ -162,20 +135,18 @@ describe('compiler: hoistStatic transform', () => {
   })
 
   test('hoist siblings with common non-hoistable parent', () => {
-    const { root, args } = transformWithHoist(`<div><span/><div/></div>`)
+    const root = transformWithHoist(`<div><span/><div/></div>`)
     expect(root.hoists).toMatchObject([
       {
-        type: NodeTypes.JS_CALL_EXPRESSION,
-        callee: CREATE_VNODE,
-        arguments: [`"span"`]
+        type: NodeTypes.VNODE_CALL,
+        tag: `"span"`
       },
       {
-        type: NodeTypes.JS_CALL_EXPRESSION,
-        callee: CREATE_VNODE,
-        arguments: [`"div"`]
+        type: NodeTypes.VNODE_CALL,
+        tag: `"div"`
       }
     ])
-    expect(args[2]).toMatchObject([
+    expect((root.codegenNode as VNodeCall).children).toMatchObject([
       {
         type: NodeTypes.ELEMENT,
         codegenNode: {
@@ -195,14 +166,14 @@ describe('compiler: hoistStatic transform', () => {
   })
 
   test('should NOT hoist components', () => {
-    const { root, args } = transformWithHoist(`<div><Comp/></div>`)
+    const root = transformWithHoist(`<div><Comp/></div>`)
     expect(root.hoists.length).toBe(0)
-    expect(args[2]).toMatchObject([
+    expect((root.codegenNode as VNodeCall).children).toMatchObject([
       {
         type: NodeTypes.ELEMENT,
         codegenNode: {
-          callee: CREATE_VNODE,
-          arguments: [`_component_Comp`]
+          type: NodeTypes.VNODE_CALL,
+          tag: `_component_Comp`
         }
       }
     ])
@@ -210,22 +181,20 @@ describe('compiler: hoistStatic transform', () => {
   })
 
   test('should NOT hoist element with dynamic props', () => {
-    const { root, args } = transformWithHoist(`<div><div :id="foo"/></div>`)
+    const root = transformWithHoist(`<div><div :id="foo"/></div>`)
     expect(root.hoists.length).toBe(0)
-    expect(args[2]).toMatchObject([
+    expect((root.codegenNode as VNodeCall).children).toMatchObject([
       {
         type: NodeTypes.ELEMENT,
         codegenNode: {
-          callee: CREATE_VNODE,
-          arguments: [
-            `"div"`,
-            createObjectMatcher({
-              id: `[foo]`
-            }),
-            `null`,
-            genFlagText(PatchFlags.PROPS),
-            `["id"]`
-          ]
+          type: NodeTypes.VNODE_CALL,
+          tag: `"div"`,
+          props: createObjectMatcher({
+            id: `[foo]`
+          }),
+          children: undefined,
+          patchFlag: genFlagText(PatchFlags.PROPS),
+          dynamicProps: `["id"]`
         }
       }
     ])
@@ -233,19 +202,19 @@ describe('compiler: hoistStatic transform', () => {
   })
 
   test('hoist element with static key', () => {
-    const { root, args } = transformWithHoist(`<div><div key="foo"/></div>`)
+    const root = transformWithHoist(`<div><div key="foo"/></div>`)
     expect(root.hoists.length).toBe(1)
     expect(root.hoists).toMatchObject([
       {
-        type: NodeTypes.JS_CALL_EXPRESSION,
-        callee: CREATE_VNODE,
-        arguments: [`"div"`, createObjectMatcher({ key: 'foo' })]
+        type: NodeTypes.VNODE_CALL,
+        tag: `"div"`,
+        props: createObjectMatcher({ key: 'foo' })
       }
     ])
-    expect(args).toMatchObject([
-      `"div"`,
-      `null`,
-      [
+    expect(root.codegenNode).toMatchObject({
+      tag: `"div"`,
+      props: undefined,
+      children: [
         {
           type: NodeTypes.ELEMENT,
           codegenNode: {
@@ -254,24 +223,22 @@ describe('compiler: hoistStatic transform', () => {
           }
         }
       ]
-    ])
+    })
     expect(generate(root).code).toMatchSnapshot()
   })
 
   test('should NOT hoist element with dynamic key', () => {
-    const { root, args } = transformWithHoist(`<div><div :key="foo"/></div>`)
+    const root = transformWithHoist(`<div><div :key="foo"/></div>`)
     expect(root.hoists.length).toBe(0)
-    expect(args[2]).toMatchObject([
+    expect((root.codegenNode as VNodeCall).children).toMatchObject([
       {
         type: NodeTypes.ELEMENT,
         codegenNode: {
-          callee: CREATE_VNODE,
-          arguments: [
-            `"div"`,
-            createObjectMatcher({
-              key: `[foo]`
-            })
-          ]
+          type: NodeTypes.VNODE_CALL,
+          tag: `"div"`,
+          props: createObjectMatcher({
+            key: `[foo]`
+          })
         }
       }
     ])
@@ -279,21 +246,19 @@ describe('compiler: hoistStatic transform', () => {
   })
 
   test('should NOT hoist element with dynamic ref', () => {
-    const { root, args } = transformWithHoist(`<div><div :ref="foo"/></div>`)
+    const root = transformWithHoist(`<div><div :ref="foo"/></div>`)
     expect(root.hoists.length).toBe(0)
-    expect(args[2]).toMatchObject([
+    expect((root.codegenNode as VNodeCall).children).toMatchObject([
       {
         type: NodeTypes.ELEMENT,
         codegenNode: {
-          callee: CREATE_VNODE,
-          arguments: [
-            `"div"`,
-            createObjectMatcher({
-              ref: `[foo]`
-            }),
-            `null`,
-            genFlagText(PatchFlags.NEED_PATCH)
-          ]
+          type: NodeTypes.VNODE_CALL,
+          tag: `"div"`,
+          props: createObjectMatcher({
+            ref: `[foo]`
+          }),
+          children: undefined,
+          patchFlag: genFlagText(PatchFlags.NEED_PATCH)
         }
       }
     ])
@@ -301,32 +266,23 @@ describe('compiler: hoistStatic transform', () => {
   })
 
   test('hoist static props for elements with directives', () => {
-    const { root, args } = transformWithHoist(
-      `<div><div id="foo" v-foo/></div>`
-    )
+    const root = transformWithHoist(`<div><div id="foo" v-foo/></div>`)
     expect(root.hoists).toMatchObject([createObjectMatcher({ id: 'foo' })])
-    expect(args[2]).toMatchObject([
+    expect((root.codegenNode as VNodeCall).children).toMatchObject([
       {
         type: NodeTypes.ELEMENT,
         codegenNode: {
-          callee: WITH_DIRECTIVES,
-          arguments: [
-            {
-              callee: CREATE_VNODE,
-              arguments: [
-                `"div"`,
-                {
-                  type: NodeTypes.SIMPLE_EXPRESSION,
-                  content: `_hoisted_1`
-                },
-                `null`,
-                genFlagText(PatchFlags.NEED_PATCH)
-              ]
-            },
-            {
-              type: NodeTypes.JS_ARRAY_EXPRESSION
-            }
-          ]
+          type: NodeTypes.VNODE_CALL,
+          tag: `"div"`,
+          props: {
+            type: NodeTypes.SIMPLE_EXPRESSION,
+            content: `_hoisted_1`
+          },
+          children: undefined,
+          patchFlag: genFlagText(PatchFlags.NEED_PATCH),
+          directives: {
+            type: NodeTypes.JS_ARRAY_EXPRESSION
+          }
         }
       }
     ])
@@ -334,21 +290,19 @@ describe('compiler: hoistStatic transform', () => {
   })
 
   test('hoist static props for elements with dynamic text children', () => {
-    const { root, args } = transformWithHoist(
+    const root = transformWithHoist(
       `<div><div id="foo">{{ hello }}</div></div>`
     )
     expect(root.hoists).toMatchObject([createObjectMatcher({ id: 'foo' })])
-    expect(args[2]).toMatchObject([
+    expect((root.codegenNode as VNodeCall).children).toMatchObject([
       {
         type: NodeTypes.ELEMENT,
         codegenNode: {
-          callee: CREATE_VNODE,
-          arguments: [
-            `"div"`,
-            { content: `_hoisted_1` },
-            { type: NodeTypes.INTERPOLATION },
-            genFlagText(PatchFlags.TEXT)
-          ]
+          type: NodeTypes.VNODE_CALL,
+          tag: `"div"`,
+          props: { content: `_hoisted_1` },
+          children: { type: NodeTypes.INTERPOLATION },
+          patchFlag: genFlagText(PatchFlags.TEXT)
         }
       }
     ])
@@ -356,20 +310,16 @@ describe('compiler: hoistStatic transform', () => {
   })
 
   test('hoist static props for elements with unhoistable children', () => {
-    const { root, args } = transformWithHoist(
-      `<div><div id="foo"><Comp/></div></div>`
-    )
+    const root = transformWithHoist(`<div><div id="foo"><Comp/></div></div>`)
     expect(root.hoists).toMatchObject([createObjectMatcher({ id: 'foo' })])
-    expect(args[2]).toMatchObject([
+    expect((root.codegenNode as VNodeCall).children).toMatchObject([
       {
         type: NodeTypes.ELEMENT,
         codegenNode: {
-          callee: CREATE_VNODE,
-          arguments: [
-            `"div"`,
-            { content: `_hoisted_1` },
-            [{ type: NodeTypes.ELEMENT, tag: `Comp` }]
-          ]
+          type: NodeTypes.VNODE_CALL,
+          tag: `"div"`,
+          props: { content: `_hoisted_1` },
+          children: [{ type: NodeTypes.ELEMENT, tag: `Comp` }]
         }
       }
     ])
@@ -377,7 +327,7 @@ describe('compiler: hoistStatic transform', () => {
   })
 
   test('should hoist v-if props/children if static', () => {
-    const { root, args } = transformWithHoist(
+    const root = transformWithHoist(
       `<div><div v-if="ok" id="foo"><span/></div></div>`
     )
     expect(root.hoists).toMatchObject([
@@ -386,37 +336,31 @@ describe('compiler: hoistStatic transform', () => {
         id: 'foo'
       }),
       {
-        callee: CREATE_VNODE,
-        arguments: [`"span"`]
+        type: NodeTypes.VNODE_CALL,
+        tag: `"span"`
       }
     ])
-    expect(args[2][0].codegenNode).toMatchObject({
-      type: NodeTypes.JS_SEQUENCE_EXPRESSION,
-      expressions: [
-        { callee: OPEN_BLOCK },
-        {
-          type: NodeTypes.JS_CONDITIONAL_EXPRESSION,
-          consequent: {
-            // blocks should NOT be hoisted
-            callee: CREATE_BLOCK,
-            arguments: [
-              `"div"`,
-              { content: `_hoisted_1` },
-              [
-                {
-                  codegenNode: { content: `_hoisted_2` }
-                }
-              ]
-            ]
+    expect(
+      ((root.children[0] as ElementNode).children[0] as IfNode).codegenNode
+    ).toMatchObject({
+      type: NodeTypes.JS_CONDITIONAL_EXPRESSION,
+      consequent: {
+        // blocks should NOT be hoisted
+        type: NodeTypes.VNODE_CALL,
+        tag: `"div"`,
+        props: { content: `_hoisted_1` },
+        children: [
+          {
+            codegenNode: { content: `_hoisted_2` }
           }
-        }
-      ]
+        ]
+      }
     })
     expect(generate(root).code).toMatchSnapshot()
   })
 
   test('should hoist v-for children if static', () => {
-    const { root, args } = transformWithHoist(
+    const root = transformWithHoist(
       `<div><div v-for="i in list" id="foo"><span/></div></div>`
     )
     expect(root.hoists).toMatchObject([
@@ -424,46 +368,30 @@ describe('compiler: hoistStatic transform', () => {
         id: 'foo'
       }),
       {
-        callee: CREATE_VNODE,
-        arguments: [`"span"`]
+        type: NodeTypes.VNODE_CALL,
+        tag: `"span"`
       }
     ])
-    const forBlockCodegen = args[2][0].codegenNode
+    const forBlockCodegen = ((root.children[0] as ElementNode)
+      .children[0] as ForNode).codegenNode
     expect(forBlockCodegen).toMatchObject({
-      type: NodeTypes.JS_SEQUENCE_EXPRESSION,
-      expressions: [
-        { callee: OPEN_BLOCK },
-        {
-          callee: CREATE_BLOCK,
-          arguments: [
-            FRAGMENT,
-            `null`,
-            {
-              type: NodeTypes.JS_CALL_EXPRESSION,
-              callee: RENDER_LIST
-            },
-            genFlagText(PatchFlags.UNKEYED_FRAGMENT)
-          ]
-        }
-      ]
+      type: NodeTypes.VNODE_CALL,
+      tag: FRAGMENT,
+      props: undefined,
+      children: {
+        type: NodeTypes.JS_CALL_EXPRESSION,
+        callee: RENDER_LIST
+      },
+      patchFlag: genFlagText(PatchFlags.UNKEYED_FRAGMENT)
     })
-    const innerBlockCodegen =
-      forBlockCodegen.expressions[1].arguments[2].arguments[1].returns
-    expect(innerBlockCodegen).toMatchObject({
-      type: NodeTypes.JS_SEQUENCE_EXPRESSION,
-      expressions: [
-        { callee: OPEN_BLOCK },
+    const innerBlockCodegen = forBlockCodegen!.children.arguments[1]
+    expect(innerBlockCodegen.returns).toMatchObject({
+      type: NodeTypes.VNODE_CALL,
+      tag: `"div"`,
+      props: { content: `_hoisted_1` },
+      children: [
         {
-          callee: CREATE_BLOCK,
-          arguments: [
-            `"div"`,
-            { content: `_hoisted_1` },
-            [
-              {
-                codegenNode: { content: `_hoisted_2` }
-              }
-            ]
-          ]
+          codegenNode: { content: `_hoisted_2` }
         }
       ]
     })
@@ -471,7 +399,7 @@ describe('compiler: hoistStatic transform', () => {
   })
 
   test('hoist static text node between elements', () => {
-    const { root } = transformWithHoist(`<div>static<div>static</div></div>`)
+    const root = transformWithHoist(`<div>static<div>static</div></div>`)
     expect(root.hoists).toMatchObject([
       {
         callee: CREATE_TEXT,
@@ -483,14 +411,15 @@ describe('compiler: hoistStatic transform', () => {
         ]
       },
       {
-        callee: CREATE_VNODE
+        type: NodeTypes.VNODE_CALL,
+        tag: `"div"`
       }
     ])
   })
 
   describe('prefixIdentifiers', () => {
     test('hoist nested static tree with static interpolation', () => {
-      const { root, args } = transformWithHoist(
+      const root = transformWithHoist(
         `<div><span>foo {{ 1 }} {{ true }}</span></div>`,
         {
           prefixIdentifiers: true
@@ -498,21 +427,18 @@ describe('compiler: hoistStatic transform', () => {
       )
       expect(root.hoists).toMatchObject([
         {
-          type: NodeTypes.JS_CALL_EXPRESSION,
-          callee: CREATE_VNODE,
-          arguments: [
-            `"span"`,
-            `null`,
-            {
-              type: NodeTypes.COMPOUND_EXPRESSION
-            }
-          ]
+          type: NodeTypes.VNODE_CALL,
+          tag: `"span"`,
+          props: undefined,
+          children: {
+            type: NodeTypes.COMPOUND_EXPRESSION
+          }
         }
       ])
-      expect(args).toMatchObject([
-        `"div"`,
-        `null`,
-        [
+      expect(root.codegenNode).toMatchObject({
+        tag: `"div"`,
+        props: undefined,
+        children: [
           {
             type: NodeTypes.ELEMENT,
             codegenNode: {
@@ -521,12 +447,12 @@ describe('compiler: hoistStatic transform', () => {
             }
           }
         ]
-      ])
+      })
       expect(generate(root).code).toMatchSnapshot()
     })
 
     test('hoist nested static tree with static prop value', () => {
-      const { root, args } = transformWithHoist(
+      const root = transformWithHoist(
         `<div><span :foo="0">{{ 1 }}</span></div>`,
         {
           prefixIdentifiers: true
@@ -535,26 +461,23 @@ describe('compiler: hoistStatic transform', () => {
 
       expect(root.hoists).toMatchObject([
         {
-          type: NodeTypes.JS_CALL_EXPRESSION,
-          callee: CREATE_VNODE,
-          arguments: [
-            `"span"`,
-            createObjectMatcher({ foo: `[0]` }),
-            {
-              type: NodeTypes.INTERPOLATION,
-              content: {
-                content: `1`,
-                isStatic: false,
-                isConstant: true
-              }
+          type: NodeTypes.VNODE_CALL,
+          tag: `"span"`,
+          props: createObjectMatcher({ foo: `[0]` }),
+          children: {
+            type: NodeTypes.INTERPOLATION,
+            content: {
+              content: `1`,
+              isStatic: false,
+              isConstant: true
             }
-          ]
+          }
         }
       ])
-      expect(args).toMatchObject([
-        `"div"`,
-        `null`,
-        [
+      expect(root.codegenNode).toMatchObject({
+        tag: `"div"`,
+        props: undefined,
+        children: [
           {
             type: NodeTypes.ELEMENT,
             codegenNode: {
@@ -563,12 +486,12 @@ describe('compiler: hoistStatic transform', () => {
             }
           }
         ]
-      ])
+      })
       expect(generate(root).code).toMatchSnapshot()
     })
 
     test('hoist class with static object value', () => {
-      const { root, args } = transformWithHoist(
+      const root = transformWithHoist(
         `<div><span :class="{ foo: true }">{{ bar }}</span></div>`,
         {
           prefixIdentifiers: true
@@ -594,39 +517,37 @@ describe('compiler: hoistStatic transform', () => {
           ]
         }
       ])
-      expect(args).toMatchObject([
-        `"div"`,
-        `null`,
-        [
+      expect(root.codegenNode).toMatchObject({
+        tag: `"div"`,
+        props: undefined,
+        children: [
           {
             type: NodeTypes.ELEMENT,
             codegenNode: {
-              callee: CREATE_VNODE,
-              arguments: [
-                `"span"`,
-                {
-                  type: NodeTypes.SIMPLE_EXPRESSION,
-                  content: `_hoisted_1`
-                },
-                {
-                  type: NodeTypes.INTERPOLATION,
-                  content: {
-                    content: `_ctx.bar`,
-                    isConstant: false,
-                    isStatic: false
-                  }
-                },
-                `1 /* TEXT */`
-              ]
+              type: NodeTypes.VNODE_CALL,
+              tag: `"span"`,
+              props: {
+                type: NodeTypes.SIMPLE_EXPRESSION,
+                content: `_hoisted_1`
+              },
+              children: {
+                type: NodeTypes.INTERPOLATION,
+                content: {
+                  content: `_ctx.bar`,
+                  isConstant: false,
+                  isStatic: false
+                }
+              },
+              patchFlag: `1 /* TEXT */`
             }
           }
         ]
-      ])
+      })
       expect(generate(root).code).toMatchSnapshot()
     })
 
     test('should NOT hoist expressions that refer scope variables', () => {
-      const { root } = transformWithHoist(
+      const root = transformWithHoist(
         `<div><p v-for="o in list"><span>{{ o }}</span></p></div>`,
         {
           prefixIdentifiers: true
@@ -638,7 +559,7 @@ describe('compiler: hoistStatic transform', () => {
     })
 
     test('should NOT hoist expressions that refer scope variables (2)', () => {
-      const { root } = transformWithHoist(
+      const root = transformWithHoist(
         `<div><p v-for="o in list"><span>{{ o + 'foo' }}</span></p></div>`,
         {
           prefixIdentifiers: true
@@ -650,7 +571,7 @@ describe('compiler: hoistStatic transform', () => {
     })
 
     test('should NOT hoist expressions that refer scope variables (v-slot)', () => {
-      const { root } = transformWithHoist(
+      const root = transformWithHoist(
         `<Comp v-slot="{ foo }">{{ foo }}</Comp>`,
         {
           prefixIdentifiers: true
@@ -662,7 +583,7 @@ describe('compiler: hoistStatic transform', () => {
     })
 
     test('should NOT hoist elements with cached handlers', () => {
-      const { root } = transformWithHoist(
+      const root = transformWithHoist(
         `<div><div><div @click="foo"/></div></div>`,
         {
           prefixIdentifiers: true,
diff --git a/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/transforms/noopDirectiveTransform.spec.ts b/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/transforms/noopDirectiveTransform.spec.ts
index f48d3e899..96a60bd1d 100644
--- a/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/transforms/noopDirectiveTransform.spec.ts
+++ b/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/transforms/noopDirectiveTransform.spec.ts
@@ -2,8 +2,8 @@ import {
   baseParse as parse,
   transform,
   ElementNode,
-  CallExpression,
-  noopDirectiveTransform
+  noopDirectiveTransform,
+  VNodeCall
 } from '../../src'
 import { transformElement } from '../../src/transforms/transformElement'
 
@@ -17,10 +17,8 @@ describe('compiler: noop directive transform', () => {
       }
     })
     const node = ast.children[0] as ElementNode
-    const codegenArgs = (node.codegenNode as CallExpression).arguments
-
     // As v-noop adds no properties the codegen should be identical to
     // rendering a div with no props or reactive data (so just the tag as the arg)
-    expect(codegenArgs.length).toBe(1)
+    expect((node.codegenNode as VNodeCall).props).toBeUndefined()
   })
 })
diff --git a/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/transforms/transformElement.spec.ts b/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/transforms/transformElement.spec.ts
index 048a5693e..64f215ff4 100644
--- a/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/transforms/transformElement.spec.ts
+++ b/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/transforms/transformElement.spec.ts
@@ -9,23 +9,20 @@ import {
   CREATE_VNODE,
   MERGE_PROPS,
   RESOLVE_DIRECTIVE,
-  WITH_DIRECTIVES,
   TO_HANDLERS,
   helperNameMap,
   PORTAL,
   RESOLVE_DYNAMIC_COMPONENT,
   SUSPENSE,
   KEEP_ALIVE,
-  BASE_TRANSITION,
-  OPEN_BLOCK,
-  CREATE_BLOCK
+  BASE_TRANSITION
 } from '../../src/runtimeHelpers'
 import {
-  CallExpression,
   NodeTypes,
   createObjectProperty,
   DirectiveNode,
-  RootNode
+  RootNode,
+  VNodeCall
 } from '../../src/ast'
 import { transformElement } from '../../src/transforms/transformElement'
 import { transformStyle } from '../../../compiler-dom/src/transforms/transformStyle'
@@ -40,7 +37,7 @@ function parseWithElementTransform(
   options: CompilerOptions = {}
 ): {
   root: RootNode
-  node: CallExpression
+  node: VNodeCall
 } {
   // wrap raw template in an extra div so that it doesn't get turned into a
   // block as root node
@@ -50,8 +47,8 @@ function parseWithElementTransform(
     ...options
   })
   const codegenNode = (ast as any).children[0].children[0]
-    .codegenNode as CallExpression
-  expect(codegenNode.type).toBe(NodeTypes.JS_CALL_EXPRESSION)
+    .codegenNode as VNodeCall
+  expect(codegenNode.type).toBe(NodeTypes.VNODE_CALL)
   return {
     root: ast,
     node: codegenNode
@@ -75,63 +72,63 @@ describe('compiler: element transform', () => {
 
   test('static props', () => {
     const { node } = parseWithElementTransform(`<div id="foo" class="bar" />`)
-    expect(node.callee).toBe(CREATE_VNODE)
-    expect(node.arguments).toMatchObject([
-      `"div"`,
-      createObjectMatcher({
+    expect(node).toMatchObject({
+      tag: `"div"`,
+      props: createObjectMatcher({
         id: 'foo',
         class: 'bar'
-      })
-    ])
+      }),
+      children: undefined
+    })
   })
 
   test('props + children', () => {
     const { node } = parseWithElementTransform(`<div id="foo"><span/></div>`)
-    expect(node.callee).toBe(CREATE_VNODE)
-    expect(node.arguments).toMatchObject([
-      `"div"`,
-      createObjectMatcher({
+
+    expect(node).toMatchObject({
+      tag: `"div"`,
+      props: createObjectMatcher({
         id: 'foo'
       }),
-      [
+      children: [
         {
           type: NodeTypes.ELEMENT,
           tag: 'span',
           codegenNode: {
-            callee: CREATE_VNODE,
-            arguments: [`"span"`]
+            type: NodeTypes.VNODE_CALL,
+            tag: `"span"`
           }
         }
       ]
-    ])
+    })
   })
 
   test('0 placeholder for children with no props', () => {
     const { node } = parseWithElementTransform(`<div><span/></div>`)
-    expect(node.callee).toBe(CREATE_VNODE)
-    expect(node.arguments).toMatchObject([
-      `"div"`,
-      `null`,
-      [
+
+    expect(node).toMatchObject({
+      tag: `"div"`,
+      props: undefined,
+      children: [
         {
           type: NodeTypes.ELEMENT,
           tag: 'span',
           codegenNode: {
-            callee: CREATE_VNODE,
-            arguments: [`"span"`]
+            type: NodeTypes.VNODE_CALL,
+            tag: `"span"`
           }
         }
       ]
-    ])
+    })
   })
 
   test('v-bind="obj"', () => {
     const { root, node } = parseWithElementTransform(`<div v-bind="obj" />`)
     // single v-bind doesn't need mergeProps
     expect(root.helpers).not.toContain(MERGE_PROPS)
-    expect(node.callee).toBe(CREATE_VNODE)
+
     // should directly use `obj` in props position
-    expect(node.arguments[1]).toMatchObject({
+    expect(node.props).toMatchObject({
       type: NodeTypes.SIMPLE_EXPRESSION,
       content: `obj`
     })
@@ -142,8 +139,8 @@ describe('compiler: element transform', () => {
       `<div id="foo" v-bind="obj" />`
     )
     expect(root.helpers).toContain(MERGE_PROPS)
-    expect(node.callee).toBe(CREATE_VNODE)
-    expect(node.arguments[1]).toMatchObject({
+
+    expect(node.props).toMatchObject({
       type: NodeTypes.JS_CALL_EXPRESSION,
       callee: MERGE_PROPS,
       arguments: [
@@ -163,8 +160,8 @@ describe('compiler: element transform', () => {
       `<div v-bind="obj" id="foo" />`
     )
     expect(root.helpers).toContain(MERGE_PROPS)
-    expect(node.callee).toBe(CREATE_VNODE)
-    expect(node.arguments[1]).toMatchObject({
+
+    expect(node.props).toMatchObject({
       type: NodeTypes.JS_CALL_EXPRESSION,
       callee: MERGE_PROPS,
       arguments: [
@@ -184,8 +181,8 @@ describe('compiler: element transform', () => {
       `<div id="foo" v-bind="obj" class="bar" />`
     )
     expect(root.helpers).toContain(MERGE_PROPS)
-    expect(node.callee).toBe(CREATE_VNODE)
-    expect(node.arguments[1]).toMatchObject({
+
+    expect(node.props).toMatchObject({
       type: NodeTypes.JS_CALL_EXPRESSION,
       callee: MERGE_PROPS,
       arguments: [
@@ -208,8 +205,8 @@ describe('compiler: element transform', () => {
       `<div id="foo" v-on="obj" class="bar" />`
     )
     expect(root.helpers).toContain(MERGE_PROPS)
-    expect(node.callee).toBe(CREATE_VNODE)
-    expect(node.arguments[1]).toMatchObject({
+
+    expect(node.props).toMatchObject({
       type: NodeTypes.JS_CALL_EXPRESSION,
       callee: MERGE_PROPS,
       arguments: [
@@ -238,8 +235,8 @@ describe('compiler: element transform', () => {
       `<div id="foo" v-on="handlers" v-bind="obj" />`
     )
     expect(root.helpers).toContain(MERGE_PROPS)
-    expect(node.callee).toBe(CREATE_VNODE)
-    expect(node.arguments[1]).toMatchObject({
+
+    expect(node.props).toMatchObject({
       type: NodeTypes.JS_CALL_EXPRESSION,
       callee: MERGE_PROPS,
       arguments: [
@@ -266,13 +263,13 @@ describe('compiler: element transform', () => {
 
   test('should handle plain <template> as normal element', () => {
     const { node } = parseWithElementTransform(`<template id="foo" />`)
-    expect(node.callee).toBe(CREATE_VNODE)
-    expect(node.arguments).toMatchObject([
-      `"template"`,
-      createObjectMatcher({
+
+    expect(node).toMatchObject({
+      tag: `"template"`,
+      props: createObjectMatcher({
         id: 'foo'
       })
-    ])
+    })
   })
 
   test('should handle <Portal> with normal children', () => {
@@ -282,23 +279,23 @@ describe('compiler: element transform', () => {
       )
       expect(root.components.length).toBe(0)
       expect(root.helpers).toContain(PORTAL)
-      expect(node.callee).toBe(CREATE_VNODE)
-      expect(node.arguments).toMatchObject([
-        PORTAL,
-        createObjectMatcher({
+
+      expect(node).toMatchObject({
+        tag: PORTAL,
+        props: createObjectMatcher({
           target: '#foo'
         }),
-        [
+        children: [
           {
             type: NodeTypes.ELEMENT,
             tag: 'span',
             codegenNode: {
-              callee: CREATE_VNODE,
-              arguments: [`"span"`]
+              type: NodeTypes.VNODE_CALL,
+              tag: `"span"`
             }
           }
         ]
-      ])
+      })
     }
 
     assert(`portal`)
@@ -312,11 +309,11 @@ describe('compiler: element transform', () => {
       )
       expect(root.components.length).toBe(0)
       expect(root.helpers).toContain(SUSPENSE)
-      expect(node.callee).toBe(CREATE_VNODE)
-      expect(node.arguments).toMatchObject([
-        SUSPENSE,
-        `null`,
-        hasFallback
+
+      expect(node).toMatchObject({
+        tag: SUSPENSE,
+        props: undefined,
+        children: hasFallback
           ? createObjectMatcher({
               default: {
                 type: NodeTypes.JS_FUNCTION_EXPRESSION
@@ -332,7 +329,7 @@ describe('compiler: element transform', () => {
               },
               _compiled: `[true]`
             })
-      ])
+      })
     }
 
     assert(`suspense`, `foo`)
@@ -353,18 +350,15 @@ describe('compiler: element transform', () => {
       expect(root.components.length).toBe(0)
       expect(root.helpers).toContain(KEEP_ALIVE)
       const node = (root.children[0] as any).children[0].codegenNode
-      expect(node.type).toBe(NodeTypes.JS_SEQUENCE_EXPRESSION)
-      expect(node.expressions[1]).toMatchObject({
-        type: NodeTypes.JS_CALL_EXPRESSION,
-        callee: CREATE_BLOCK, // should be forced into a block
-        arguments: [
-          KEEP_ALIVE,
-          `null`,
-          // keep-alive should not compile content to slots
-          [{ type: NodeTypes.ELEMENT, tag: 'span' }],
-          // should get a dynamic slots flag to force updates
-          genFlagText(PatchFlags.DYNAMIC_SLOTS)
-        ]
+      expect(node).toMatchObject({
+        type: NodeTypes.VNODE_CALL,
+        tag: KEEP_ALIVE,
+        isBlock: true, // should be forced into a block
+        props: undefined,
+        // keep-alive should not compile content to slots
+        children: [{ type: NodeTypes.ELEMENT, tag: 'span' }],
+        // should get a dynamic slots flag to force updates
+        patchFlag: genFlagText(PatchFlags.DYNAMIC_SLOTS)
       })
     }
 
@@ -379,17 +373,17 @@ describe('compiler: element transform', () => {
       )
       expect(root.components.length).toBe(0)
       expect(root.helpers).toContain(BASE_TRANSITION)
-      expect(node.callee).toBe(CREATE_VNODE)
-      expect(node.arguments).toMatchObject([
-        BASE_TRANSITION,
-        `null`,
-        createObjectMatcher({
+
+      expect(node).toMatchObject({
+        tag: BASE_TRANSITION,
+        props: undefined,
+        children: createObjectMatcher({
           default: {
             type: NodeTypes.JS_FUNCTION_EXPRESSION
           },
           _compiled: `[true]`
         })
-      ])
+      })
     }
 
     assert(`base-transition`)
@@ -418,8 +412,8 @@ describe('compiler: element transform', () => {
         }
       }
     })
-    expect(node.callee).toBe(CREATE_VNODE)
-    expect(node.arguments[1]).toMatchObject({
+
+    expect(node.props).toMatchObject({
       type: NodeTypes.JS_OBJECT_EXPRESSION,
       properties: [
         {
@@ -431,8 +425,8 @@ describe('compiler: element transform', () => {
     })
     // should factor in props returned by custom directive transforms
     // in patchFlag analysis
-    expect(node.arguments[3]).toMatch(PatchFlags.PROPS + '')
-    expect(node.arguments[4]).toMatch(`"bar"`)
+    expect(node.patchFlag).toMatch(PatchFlags.PROPS + '')
+    expect(node.dynamicProps).toMatch(`"bar"`)
   })
 
   test('directiveTransform with needRuntime: true', () => {
@@ -451,20 +445,12 @@ describe('compiler: element transform', () => {
     )
     expect(root.helpers).toContain(RESOLVE_DIRECTIVE)
     expect(root.directives).toContain(`foo`)
-
-    expect(node.callee).toBe(WITH_DIRECTIVES)
-    expect(node.arguments).toMatchObject([
-      {
-        type: NodeTypes.JS_CALL_EXPRESSION,
-        callee: CREATE_VNODE,
-        arguments: [
-          `"div"`,
-          `null`,
-          `null`,
-          genFlagText(PatchFlags.NEED_PATCH) // should generate appropriate flag
-        ]
-      },
-      {
+    expect(node).toMatchObject({
+      tag: `"div"`,
+      props: undefined,
+      children: undefined,
+      patchFlag: genFlagText(PatchFlags.NEED_PATCH), // should generate appropriate flag
+      directives: {
         type: NodeTypes.JS_ARRAY_EXPRESSION,
         elements: [
           {
@@ -487,7 +473,7 @@ describe('compiler: element transform', () => {
           }
         ]
       }
-    ])
+    })
   })
 
   test('directiveTransform with needRuntime: Symbol', () => {
@@ -508,7 +494,7 @@ describe('compiler: element transform', () => {
     expect(root.helpers).toContain(CREATE_VNODE)
     expect(root.helpers).not.toContain(RESOLVE_DIRECTIVE)
     expect(root.directives.length).toBe(0)
-    expect((node as any).arguments[1].elements[0].elements[0]).toBe(
+    expect(node.directives!.elements[0].elements[0]).toBe(
       `_${helperNameMap[CREATE_VNODE]}`
     )
   })
@@ -522,12 +508,8 @@ describe('compiler: element transform', () => {
     expect(root.directives).toContain(`bar`)
     expect(root.directives).toContain(`baz`)
 
-    expect(node.callee).toBe(WITH_DIRECTIVES)
-    expect(node.arguments).toMatchObject([
-      {
-        type: NodeTypes.JS_CALL_EXPRESSION
-      },
-      {
+    expect(node).toMatchObject({
+      directives: {
         type: NodeTypes.JS_ARRAY_EXPRESSION,
         elements: [
           {
@@ -597,7 +579,7 @@ describe('compiler: element transform', () => {
           }
         ]
       }
-    ])
+    })
   })
 
   test(`props merging: event handlers`, () => {
@@ -609,7 +591,7 @@ describe('compiler: element transform', () => {
         }
       }
     )
-    expect(node.arguments[1]).toMatchObject({
+    expect(node.props).toMatchObject({
       type: NodeTypes.JS_OBJECT_EXPRESSION,
       properties: [
         {
@@ -649,7 +631,7 @@ describe('compiler: element transform', () => {
         }
       }
     )
-    expect(node.arguments[1]).toMatchObject({
+    expect(node.props).toMatchObject({
       type: NodeTypes.JS_OBJECT_EXPRESSION,
       properties: [
         {
@@ -688,7 +670,7 @@ describe('compiler: element transform', () => {
         }
       }
     )
-    expect(node.arguments[1]).toMatchObject({
+    expect(node.props).toMatchObject({
       type: NodeTypes.JS_OBJECT_EXPRESSION,
       properties: [
         {
@@ -721,85 +703,72 @@ describe('compiler: element transform', () => {
   describe('patchFlag analysis', () => {
     test('TEXT', () => {
       const { node } = parseWithBind(`<div>foo</div>`)
-      expect(node.arguments.length).toBe(3)
+      expect(node.patchFlag).toBeUndefined()
 
       const { node: node2 } = parseWithBind(`<div>{{ foo }}</div>`)
-      expect(node2.arguments.length).toBe(4)
-      expect(node2.arguments[3]).toBe(genFlagText(PatchFlags.TEXT))
+      expect(node2.patchFlag).toBe(genFlagText(PatchFlags.TEXT))
 
       // multiple nodes, merged with optimize text
       const { node: node3 } = parseWithBind(`<div>foo {{ bar }} baz</div>`)
-      expect(node3.arguments.length).toBe(4)
-      expect(node3.arguments[3]).toBe(genFlagText(PatchFlags.TEXT))
+      expect(node3.patchFlag).toBe(genFlagText(PatchFlags.TEXT))
     })
 
     test('CLASS', () => {
       const { node } = parseWithBind(`<div :class="foo" />`)
-      expect(node.arguments.length).toBe(4)
-      expect(node.arguments[3]).toBe(genFlagText(PatchFlags.CLASS))
+      expect(node.patchFlag).toBe(genFlagText(PatchFlags.CLASS))
     })
 
     test('STYLE', () => {
       const { node } = parseWithBind(`<div :style="foo" />`)
-      expect(node.arguments.length).toBe(4)
-      expect(node.arguments[3]).toBe(genFlagText(PatchFlags.STYLE))
+      expect(node.patchFlag).toBe(genFlagText(PatchFlags.STYLE))
     })
 
     test('PROPS', () => {
       const { node } = parseWithBind(`<div id="foo" :foo="bar" :baz="qux" />`)
-      expect(node.arguments.length).toBe(5)
-      expect(node.arguments[3]).toBe(genFlagText(PatchFlags.PROPS))
-      expect(node.arguments[4]).toBe(`["foo", "baz"]`)
+      expect(node.patchFlag).toBe(genFlagText(PatchFlags.PROPS))
+      expect(node.dynamicProps).toBe(`["foo", "baz"]`)
     })
 
     test('CLASS + STYLE + PROPS', () => {
       const { node } = parseWithBind(
         `<div id="foo" :class="cls" :style="styl" :foo="bar" :baz="qux"/>`
       )
-      expect(node.arguments.length).toBe(5)
-      expect(node.arguments[3]).toBe(
+      expect(node.patchFlag).toBe(
         genFlagText([PatchFlags.CLASS, PatchFlags.STYLE, PatchFlags.PROPS])
       )
-      expect(node.arguments[4]).toBe(`["foo", "baz"]`)
+      expect(node.dynamicProps).toBe(`["foo", "baz"]`)
     })
 
     test('FULL_PROPS (v-bind)', () => {
       const { node } = parseWithBind(`<div v-bind="foo" />`)
-      expect(node.arguments.length).toBe(4)
-      expect(node.arguments[3]).toBe(genFlagText(PatchFlags.FULL_PROPS))
+      expect(node.patchFlag).toBe(genFlagText(PatchFlags.FULL_PROPS))
     })
 
     test('FULL_PROPS (dynamic key)', () => {
       const { node } = parseWithBind(`<div :[foo]="bar" />`)
-      expect(node.arguments.length).toBe(4)
-      expect(node.arguments[3]).toBe(genFlagText(PatchFlags.FULL_PROPS))
+      expect(node.patchFlag).toBe(genFlagText(PatchFlags.FULL_PROPS))
     })
 
     test('FULL_PROPS (w/ others)', () => {
       const { node } = parseWithBind(
         `<div id="foo" v-bind="bar" :class="cls" />`
       )
-      expect(node.arguments.length).toBe(4)
-      expect(node.arguments[3]).toBe(genFlagText(PatchFlags.FULL_PROPS))
+      expect(node.patchFlag).toBe(genFlagText(PatchFlags.FULL_PROPS))
     })
 
     test('NEED_PATCH (static ref)', () => {
       const { node } = parseWithBind(`<div ref="foo" />`)
-      expect(node.arguments.length).toBe(4)
-      expect(node.arguments[3]).toBe(genFlagText(PatchFlags.NEED_PATCH))
+      expect(node.patchFlag).toBe(genFlagText(PatchFlags.NEED_PATCH))
     })
 
     test('NEED_PATCH (dynamic ref)', () => {
       const { node } = parseWithBind(`<div :ref="foo" />`)
-      expect(node.arguments.length).toBe(4)
-      expect(node.arguments[3]).toBe(genFlagText(PatchFlags.NEED_PATCH))
+      expect(node.patchFlag).toBe(genFlagText(PatchFlags.NEED_PATCH))
     })
 
     test('NEED_PATCH (custom directives)', () => {
       const { node } = parseWithBind(`<div v-foo />`)
-      const vnodeCall = node.arguments[0] as CallExpression
-      expect(vnodeCall.arguments.length).toBe(4)
-      expect(vnodeCall.arguments[3]).toBe(genFlagText(PatchFlags.NEED_PATCH))
+      expect(node.patchFlag).toBe(genFlagText(PatchFlags.NEED_PATCH))
     })
   })
 
@@ -808,16 +777,15 @@ describe('compiler: element transform', () => {
       const { node, root } = parseWithBind(`<component is="foo" />`)
       expect(root.helpers).not.toContain(RESOLVE_DYNAMIC_COMPONENT)
       expect(node).toMatchObject({
-        callee: CREATE_VNODE,
-        arguments: ['_component_foo']
+        tag: '_component_foo'
       })
     })
 
     test('dynamic binding', () => {
       const { node, root } = parseWithBind(`<component :is="foo" />`)
       expect(root.helpers).toContain(RESOLVE_DYNAMIC_COMPONENT)
-      expect(node.arguments).toMatchObject([
-        {
+      expect(node).toMatchObject({
+        tag: {
           callee: RESOLVE_DYNAMIC_COMPONENT,
           arguments: [
             {
@@ -827,7 +795,7 @@ describe('compiler: element transform', () => {
             '$'
           ]
         }
-      ])
+      })
     })
   })
 
@@ -837,18 +805,9 @@ describe('compiler: element transform', () => {
       nodeTransforms: [transformElement]
     })
     expect((ast as any).children[0].children[0].codegenNode).toMatchObject({
-      type: NodeTypes.JS_SEQUENCE_EXPRESSION,
-      expressions: [
-        {
-          type: NodeTypes.JS_CALL_EXPRESSION,
-          callee: OPEN_BLOCK
-        },
-        {
-          type: NodeTypes.JS_CALL_EXPRESSION,
-          callee: CREATE_BLOCK,
-          arguments: [`"svg"`]
-        }
-      ]
+      type: NodeTypes.VNODE_CALL,
+      tag: `"svg"`,
+      isBlock: true
     })
   })
 })
diff --git a/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/transforms/vBind.spec.ts b/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/transforms/vBind.spec.ts
index d2fa15ef8..9aec71610 100644
--- a/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/transforms/vBind.spec.ts
+++ b/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/transforms/vBind.spec.ts
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ import {
   ObjectExpression,
   CompilerOptions,
   ErrorCodes,
-  CallExpression
+  VNodeCall
 } from '../../src'
 import { transformBind } from '../../src/transforms/vBind'
 import { transformElement } from '../../src/transforms/transformElement'
@@ -33,8 +33,7 @@ function parseWithVBind(
 describe('compiler: transform v-bind', () => {
   test('basic', () => {
     const node = parseWithVBind(`<div v-bind:id="id"/>`)
-    const props = (node.codegenNode as CallExpression)
-      .arguments[1] as ObjectExpression
+    const props = (node.codegenNode as VNodeCall).props as ObjectExpression
     expect(props.properties[0]).toMatchObject({
       key: {
         content: `id`,
@@ -69,8 +68,7 @@ describe('compiler: transform v-bind', () => {
 
   test('dynamic arg', () => {
     const node = parseWithVBind(`<div v-bind:[id]="id"/>`)
-    const props = (node.codegenNode as CallExpression)
-      .arguments[1] as ObjectExpression
+    const props = (node.codegenNode as VNodeCall).props as ObjectExpression
     expect(props.properties[0]).toMatchObject({
       key: {
         content: `id`,
@@ -103,8 +101,7 @@ describe('compiler: transform v-bind', () => {
 
   test('.camel modifier', () => {
     const node = parseWithVBind(`<div v-bind:foo-bar.camel="id"/>`)
-    const props = (node.codegenNode as CallExpression)
-      .arguments[1] as ObjectExpression
+    const props = (node.codegenNode as VNodeCall).props as ObjectExpression
     expect(props.properties[0]).toMatchObject({
       key: {
         content: `fooBar`,
@@ -119,8 +116,7 @@ describe('compiler: transform v-bind', () => {
 
   test('.camel modifier w/ dynamic arg', () => {
     const node = parseWithVBind(`<div v-bind:[foo].camel="id"/>`)
-    const props = (node.codegenNode as CallExpression)
-      .arguments[1] as ObjectExpression
+    const props = (node.codegenNode as VNodeCall).props as ObjectExpression
     expect(props.properties[0]).toMatchObject({
       key: {
         content: `_${helperNameMap[CAMELIZE]}(foo)`,
@@ -137,8 +133,7 @@ describe('compiler: transform v-bind', () => {
     const node = parseWithVBind(`<div v-bind:[foo(bar)].camel="id"/>`, {
       prefixIdentifiers: true
     })
-    const props = (node.codegenNode as CallExpression)
-      .arguments[1] as ObjectExpression
+    const props = (node.codegenNode as VNodeCall).props as ObjectExpression
     expect(props.properties[0]).toMatchObject({
       key: {
         children: [
diff --git a/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/transforms/vFor.spec.ts b/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/transforms/vFor.spec.ts
index cc662751e..03d96cdf2 100644
--- a/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/transforms/vFor.spec.ts
+++ b/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/transforms/vFor.spec.ts
@@ -12,20 +12,11 @@ import {
   SimpleExpressionNode,
   ElementNode,
   InterpolationNode,
-  CallExpression,
-  SequenceExpression,
   ForCodegenNode
 } from '../../src/ast'
 import { ErrorCodes } from '../../src/errors'
 import { CompilerOptions, generate } from '../../src'
-import {
-  OPEN_BLOCK,
-  CREATE_BLOCK,
-  FRAGMENT,
-  RENDER_LIST,
-  RENDER_SLOT,
-  WITH_DIRECTIVES
-} from '../../src/runtimeHelpers'
+import { FRAGMENT, RENDER_LIST, RENDER_SLOT } from '../../src/runtimeHelpers'
 import { PatchFlags } from '@vue/shared'
 import { createObjectMatcher, genFlagText } from '../testUtils'
 
@@ -567,64 +558,40 @@ describe('compiler: v-for', () => {
 
   describe('codegen', () => {
     function assertSharedCodegen(
-      node: SequenceExpression,
+      node: ForCodegenNode,
       keyed: boolean = false,
       customReturn: boolean = false
     ) {
       expect(node).toMatchObject({
-        type: NodeTypes.JS_SEQUENCE_EXPRESSION,
-        expressions: [
-          {
-            type: NodeTypes.JS_CALL_EXPRESSION,
-            callee: OPEN_BLOCK
-          },
-          {
-            type: NodeTypes.JS_CALL_EXPRESSION,
-            callee: CREATE_BLOCK,
-            arguments: [
-              FRAGMENT,
-              `null`,
-              {
-                type: NodeTypes.JS_CALL_EXPRESSION,
-                callee: RENDER_LIST,
-                arguments: [
-                  {}, // to be asserted by each test
-                  {
-                    type: NodeTypes.JS_FUNCTION_EXPRESSION,
-                    returns: customReturn
-                      ? {}
-                      : {
-                          type: NodeTypes.JS_SEQUENCE_EXPRESSION,
-                          expressions: [
-                            {
-                              type: NodeTypes.JS_CALL_EXPRESSION,
-                              callee: OPEN_BLOCK
-                            },
-                            {
-                              type: NodeTypes.JS_CALL_EXPRESSION,
-                              callee: CREATE_BLOCK
-                            }
-                          ]
-                        }
+        type: NodeTypes.VNODE_CALL,
+        tag: FRAGMENT,
+        isForBlock: true,
+        patchFlag: keyed
+          ? genFlagText(PatchFlags.KEYED_FRAGMENT)
+          : genFlagText(PatchFlags.UNKEYED_FRAGMENT),
+        children: {
+          type: NodeTypes.JS_CALL_EXPRESSION,
+          callee: RENDER_LIST,
+          arguments: [
+            {}, // to be asserted by each test
+            {
+              type: NodeTypes.JS_FUNCTION_EXPRESSION,
+              returns: customReturn
+                ? {}
+                : {
+                    type: NodeTypes.VNODE_CALL,
+                    isBlock: true
                   }
-                ]
-              },
-              keyed
-                ? genFlagText(PatchFlags.KEYED_FRAGMENT)
-                : genFlagText(PatchFlags.UNKEYED_FRAGMENT)
-            ]
-          }
-        ]
+            }
+          ]
+        }
       })
-      const renderListArgs = ((node.expressions[1] as CallExpression)
-        .arguments[2] as CallExpression).arguments
+      const renderListArgs = node.children.arguments
       return {
         source: renderListArgs[0] as SimpleExpressionNode,
         params: (renderListArgs[1] as any).params,
         returns: (renderListArgs[1] as any).returns,
-        blockArgs: customReturn
-          ? null
-          : (renderListArgs[1] as any).returns.expressions[1].arguments
+        innerVNodeCall: customReturn ? null : (renderListArgs[1] as any).returns
       }
     }
 
@@ -636,7 +603,9 @@ describe('compiler: v-for', () => {
       expect(assertSharedCodegen(codegenNode)).toMatchObject({
         source: { content: `items` },
         params: [{ content: `item` }],
-        blockArgs: [`"span"`]
+        innerVNodeCall: {
+          tag: `"span"`
+        }
       })
       expect(generate(root).code).toMatchSnapshot()
     })
@@ -699,15 +668,16 @@ describe('compiler: v-for', () => {
       expect(assertSharedCodegen(codegenNode)).toMatchObject({
         source: { content: `items` },
         params: [{ content: `item` }],
-        blockArgs: [
-          FRAGMENT,
-          `null`,
-          [
+        innerVNodeCall: {
+          tag: FRAGMENT,
+          props: undefined,
+          isBlock: true,
+          children: [
             { type: NodeTypes.TEXT, content: `hello` },
             { type: NodeTypes.ELEMENT, tag: `span` }
           ],
-          genFlagText(PatchFlags.STABLE_FRAGMENT)
-        ]
+          patchFlag: genFlagText(PatchFlags.STABLE_FRAGMENT)
+        }
       })
       expect(generate(root).code).toMatchSnapshot()
     })
@@ -758,12 +728,12 @@ describe('compiler: v-for', () => {
       expect(assertSharedCodegen(codegenNode, true)).toMatchObject({
         source: { content: `items` },
         params: [{ content: `item` }],
-        blockArgs: [
-          `"span"`,
-          createObjectMatcher({
+        innerVNodeCall: {
+          tag: `"span"`,
+          props: createObjectMatcher({
             key: `[item]`
           })
-        ]
+        }
       })
       expect(generate(root).code).toMatchSnapshot()
     })
@@ -778,17 +748,17 @@ describe('compiler: v-for', () => {
       expect(assertSharedCodegen(codegenNode, true)).toMatchObject({
         source: { content: `items` },
         params: [{ content: `item` }],
-        blockArgs: [
-          FRAGMENT,
-          createObjectMatcher({
+        innerVNodeCall: {
+          tag: FRAGMENT,
+          props: createObjectMatcher({
             key: `[item]`
           }),
-          [
+          children: [
             { type: NodeTypes.TEXT, content: `hello` },
             { type: NodeTypes.ELEMENT, tag: `span` }
           ],
-          genFlagText(PatchFlags.STABLE_FRAGMENT)
-        ]
+          patchFlag: genFlagText(PatchFlags.STABLE_FRAGMENT)
+        }
       })
       expect(generate(root).code).toMatchSnapshot()
     })
@@ -799,53 +769,33 @@ describe('compiler: v-for', () => {
         node: { codegenNode }
       } = parseWithForTransform(`<div v-if="ok" v-for="i in list"/>`)
       expect(codegenNode).toMatchObject({
-        type: NodeTypes.JS_SEQUENCE_EXPRESSION,
-        expressions: [
-          {
+        type: NodeTypes.JS_CONDITIONAL_EXPRESSION,
+        test: { content: `ok` },
+        consequent: {
+          type: NodeTypes.VNODE_CALL,
+          props: createObjectMatcher({
+            key: `[0]`
+          }),
+          isBlock: true,
+          isForBlock: true,
+          patchFlag: genFlagText(PatchFlags.UNKEYED_FRAGMENT),
+          children: {
             type: NodeTypes.JS_CALL_EXPRESSION,
-            callee: OPEN_BLOCK,
-            arguments: []
-          },
-          {
-            type: NodeTypes.JS_CONDITIONAL_EXPRESSION,
-            test: { content: `ok` },
-            consequent: {
-              type: NodeTypes.JS_CALL_EXPRESSION,
-              callee: CREATE_BLOCK,
-              // should optimize v-if + v-for into a single Fragment block
-              arguments: [
-                FRAGMENT,
-                createObjectMatcher({ key: `[0]` }),
-                {
-                  type: NodeTypes.JS_CALL_EXPRESSION,
-                  callee: RENDER_LIST,
-                  arguments: [
-                    { content: `list` },
-                    {
-                      type: NodeTypes.JS_FUNCTION_EXPRESSION,
-                      params: [{ content: `i` }],
-                      returns: {
-                        type: NodeTypes.JS_SEQUENCE_EXPRESSION,
-                        expressions: [
-                          {
-                            type: NodeTypes.JS_CALL_EXPRESSION,
-                            callee: OPEN_BLOCK
-                          },
-                          {
-                            type: NodeTypes.JS_CALL_EXPRESSION,
-                            callee: CREATE_BLOCK,
-                            arguments: [`"div"`]
-                          }
-                        ]
-                      }
-                    }
-                  ]
-                },
-                genFlagText(PatchFlags.UNKEYED_FRAGMENT)
-              ]
-            }
+            callee: RENDER_LIST,
+            arguments: [
+              { content: `list` },
+              {
+                type: NodeTypes.JS_FUNCTION_EXPRESSION,
+                params: [{ content: `i` }],
+                returns: {
+                  type: NodeTypes.VNODE_CALL,
+                  tag: `"div"`,
+                  isBlock: true
+                }
+              }
+            ]
           }
-        ]
+        }
       })
       expect(generate(root).code).toMatchSnapshot()
     })
@@ -857,18 +807,8 @@ describe('compiler: v-for', () => {
       } = parseWithForTransform('<div v-for="i in list" v-foo/>')
       const { returns } = assertSharedCodegen(codegenNode, false, true)
       expect(returns).toMatchObject({
-        type: NodeTypes.JS_SEQUENCE_EXPRESSION,
-        expressions: [
-          { callee: OPEN_BLOCK },
-          // should wrap withDirectives() around createBlock()
-          {
-            callee: WITH_DIRECTIVES,
-            arguments: [
-              { callee: CREATE_BLOCK },
-              { type: NodeTypes.JS_ARRAY_EXPRESSION }
-            ]
-          }
-        ]
+        type: NodeTypes.VNODE_CALL,
+        directives: { type: NodeTypes.JS_ARRAY_EXPRESSION }
       })
       expect(generate(root).code).toMatchSnapshot()
     })
diff --git a/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/transforms/vIf.spec.ts b/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/transforms/vIf.spec.ts
index 9183b9d9e..35de11686 100644
--- a/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/transforms/vIf.spec.ts
+++ b/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/transforms/vIf.spec.ts
@@ -10,19 +10,15 @@ import {
   TextNode,
   CommentNode,
   SimpleExpressionNode,
-  SequenceExpression,
   ConditionalExpression,
-  CallExpression,
-  IfCodegenNode
+  IfConditionalExpression,
+  VNodeCall
 } from '../../src/ast'
 import { ErrorCodes } from '../../src/errors'
 import { CompilerOptions, generate } from '../../src'
 import {
-  OPEN_BLOCK,
-  CREATE_BLOCK,
   FRAGMENT,
   MERGE_PROPS,
-  WITH_DIRECTIVES,
   RENDER_SLOT,
   CREATE_COMMENT
 } from '../../src/runtimeHelpers'
@@ -44,7 +40,9 @@ function parseWithIfTransform(
   }
   return {
     root: ast,
-    node: ast.children[returnIndex] as IfNode & { codegenNode: IfCodegenNode }
+    node: ast.children[returnIndex] as IfNode & {
+      codegenNode: IfConditionalExpression
+    }
   }
 }
 
@@ -267,49 +265,49 @@ describe('compiler: v-if', () => {
 
   describe('codegen', () => {
     function assertSharedCodegen(
-      node: SequenceExpression,
+      node: IfConditionalExpression,
       depth: number = 0,
       hasElse: boolean = false
     ) {
       expect(node).toMatchObject({
-        type: NodeTypes.JS_SEQUENCE_EXPRESSION,
-        expressions: [
-          {
-            type: NodeTypes.JS_CALL_EXPRESSION,
-            callee: OPEN_BLOCK,
-            arguments: []
-          },
-          {
-            type: NodeTypes.JS_CONDITIONAL_EXPRESSION,
-            test: {
-              content: `ok`
-            },
-            consequent: {
-              type: NodeTypes.JS_CALL_EXPRESSION,
-              callee: CREATE_BLOCK
-            },
-            alternate:
-              depth < 1
-                ? {
-                    type: NodeTypes.JS_CALL_EXPRESSION,
-                    callee: hasElse ? CREATE_BLOCK : CREATE_COMMENT
-                  }
-                : {
-                    type: NodeTypes.JS_CONDITIONAL_EXPRESSION,
-                    test: {
-                      content: `orNot`
-                    },
-                    consequent: {
-                      type: NodeTypes.JS_CALL_EXPRESSION,
-                      callee: CREATE_BLOCK
-                    },
-                    alternate: {
-                      type: NodeTypes.JS_CALL_EXPRESSION,
-                      callee: hasElse ? CREATE_BLOCK : CREATE_COMMENT
+        type: NodeTypes.JS_CONDITIONAL_EXPRESSION,
+        test: {
+          content: `ok`
+        },
+        consequent: {
+          type: NodeTypes.VNODE_CALL,
+          isBlock: true
+        },
+        alternate:
+          depth < 1
+            ? hasElse
+              ? {
+                  type: NodeTypes.VNODE_CALL,
+                  isBlock: true
+                }
+              : {
+                  type: NodeTypes.JS_CALL_EXPRESSION,
+                  callee: CREATE_COMMENT
+                }
+            : {
+                type: NodeTypes.JS_CONDITIONAL_EXPRESSION,
+                test: {
+                  content: `orNot`
+                },
+                consequent: {
+                  type: NodeTypes.VNODE_CALL,
+                  isBlock: true
+                },
+                alternate: hasElse
+                  ? {
+                      type: NodeTypes.VNODE_CALL,
+                      isBlock: true
                     }
-                  }
-          }
-        ]
+                  : {
+                      type: NodeTypes.JS_CALL_EXPRESSION,
+                      callee: CREATE_COMMENT
+                    }
+              }
       })
     }
 
@@ -319,15 +317,11 @@ describe('compiler: v-if', () => {
         node: { codegenNode }
       } = parseWithIfTransform(`<div v-if="ok"/>`)
       assertSharedCodegen(codegenNode)
-      const branch1 = (codegenNode.expressions[1] as ConditionalExpression)
-        .consequent as CallExpression
-      expect(branch1.arguments).toMatchObject([
-        `"div"`,
-        createObjectMatcher({ key: `[0]` })
-      ])
-      const branch2 = (codegenNode.expressions[1] as ConditionalExpression)
-        .alternate as CallExpression
-      expect(branch2).toMatchObject({
+      expect(codegenNode.consequent).toMatchObject({
+        tag: `"div"`,
+        props: createObjectMatcher({ key: `[0]` })
+      })
+      expect(codegenNode.alternate).toMatchObject({
         type: NodeTypes.JS_CALL_EXPRESSION,
         callee: CREATE_COMMENT
       })
@@ -340,20 +334,16 @@ describe('compiler: v-if', () => {
         node: { codegenNode }
       } = parseWithIfTransform(`<template v-if="ok"><div/>hello<p/></template>`)
       assertSharedCodegen(codegenNode)
-      const branch1 = (codegenNode.expressions[1] as ConditionalExpression)
-        .consequent as CallExpression
-      expect(branch1.arguments).toMatchObject([
-        FRAGMENT,
-        createObjectMatcher({ key: `[0]` }),
-        [
+      expect(codegenNode.consequent).toMatchObject({
+        tag: FRAGMENT,
+        props: createObjectMatcher({ key: `[0]` }),
+        children: [
           { type: NodeTypes.ELEMENT, tag: 'div' },
           { type: NodeTypes.TEXT, content: `hello` },
           { type: NodeTypes.ELEMENT, tag: 'p' }
         ]
-      ])
-      const branch2 = (codegenNode.expressions[1] as ConditionalExpression)
-        .alternate as CallExpression
-      expect(branch2).toMatchObject({
+      })
+      expect(codegenNode.alternate).toMatchObject({
         type: NodeTypes.JS_CALL_EXPRESSION,
         callee: CREATE_COMMENT
       })
@@ -365,10 +355,7 @@ describe('compiler: v-if', () => {
         root,
         node: { codegenNode }
       } = parseWithIfTransform(`<template v-if="ok"><slot/></template>`)
-      // assertSharedCodegen(codegenNode)
-      const branch1 = (codegenNode.expressions[1] as ConditionalExpression)
-        .consequent as CallExpression
-      expect(branch1).toMatchObject({
+      expect(codegenNode.consequent).toMatchObject({
         type: NodeTypes.JS_CALL_EXPRESSION,
         callee: RENDER_SLOT,
         arguments: ['$slots', '"default"', createObjectMatcher({ key: `[0]` })]
@@ -381,10 +368,7 @@ describe('compiler: v-if', () => {
         root,
         node: { codegenNode }
       } = parseWithIfTransform(`<slot v-if="ok"></slot>`)
-      // assertSharedCodegen(codegenNode)
-      const branch1 = (codegenNode.expressions[1] as ConditionalExpression)
-        .consequent as CallExpression
-      expect(branch1).toMatchObject({
+      expect(codegenNode.consequent).toMatchObject({
         type: NodeTypes.JS_CALL_EXPRESSION,
         callee: RENDER_SLOT,
         arguments: ['$slots', '"default"', createObjectMatcher({ key: `[0]` })]
@@ -398,18 +382,14 @@ describe('compiler: v-if', () => {
         node: { codegenNode }
       } = parseWithIfTransform(`<div v-if="ok"/><p v-else/>`)
       assertSharedCodegen(codegenNode, 0, true)
-      const branch1 = (codegenNode.expressions[1] as ConditionalExpression)
-        .consequent as CallExpression
-      expect(branch1.arguments).toMatchObject([
-        `"div"`,
-        createObjectMatcher({ key: `[0]` })
-      ])
-      const branch2 = (codegenNode.expressions[1] as ConditionalExpression)
-        .alternate as CallExpression
-      expect(branch2.arguments).toMatchObject([
-        `"p"`,
-        createObjectMatcher({ key: `[1]` })
-      ])
+      expect(codegenNode.consequent).toMatchObject({
+        tag: `"div"`,
+        props: createObjectMatcher({ key: `[0]` })
+      })
+      expect(codegenNode.alternate).toMatchObject({
+        tag: `"p"`,
+        props: createObjectMatcher({ key: `[1]` })
+      })
       expect(generate(root).code).toMatchSnapshot()
     })
 
@@ -419,18 +399,15 @@ describe('compiler: v-if', () => {
         node: { codegenNode }
       } = parseWithIfTransform(`<div v-if="ok"/><p v-else-if="orNot" />`)
       assertSharedCodegen(codegenNode, 1)
-      const branch1 = (codegenNode.expressions[1] as ConditionalExpression)
-        .consequent as CallExpression
-      expect(branch1.arguments).toMatchObject([
-        `"div"`,
-        createObjectMatcher({ key: `[0]` })
-      ])
-      const branch2 = (codegenNode.expressions[1] as ConditionalExpression)
-        .alternate as ConditionalExpression
-      expect((branch2.consequent as CallExpression).arguments).toMatchObject([
-        `"p"`,
-        createObjectMatcher({ key: `[1]` })
-      ])
+      expect(codegenNode.consequent).toMatchObject({
+        tag: `"div"`,
+        props: createObjectMatcher({ key: `[0]` })
+      })
+      const branch2 = codegenNode.alternate as ConditionalExpression
+      expect(branch2.consequent).toMatchObject({
+        tag: `"p"`,
+        props: createObjectMatcher({ key: `[1]` })
+      })
       expect(generate(root).code).toMatchSnapshot()
     })
 
@@ -442,28 +419,25 @@ describe('compiler: v-if', () => {
         `<div v-if="ok"/><p v-else-if="orNot"/><template v-else>fine</template>`
       )
       assertSharedCodegen(codegenNode, 1, true)
-      const branch1 = (codegenNode.expressions[1] as ConditionalExpression)
-        .consequent as CallExpression
-      expect(branch1.arguments).toMatchObject([
-        `"div"`,
-        createObjectMatcher({ key: `[0]` })
-      ])
-      const branch2 = (codegenNode.expressions[1] as ConditionalExpression)
-        .alternate as ConditionalExpression
-      expect((branch2.consequent as CallExpression).arguments).toMatchObject([
-        `"p"`,
-        createObjectMatcher({ key: `[1]` })
-      ])
-      expect((branch2.alternate as CallExpression).arguments).toMatchObject([
-        FRAGMENT,
-        createObjectMatcher({ key: `[2]` }),
-        [
+      expect(codegenNode.consequent).toMatchObject({
+        tag: `"div"`,
+        props: createObjectMatcher({ key: `[0]` })
+      })
+      const branch2 = codegenNode.alternate as ConditionalExpression
+      expect(branch2.consequent).toMatchObject({
+        tag: `"p"`,
+        props: createObjectMatcher({ key: `[1]` })
+      })
+      expect(branch2.alternate).toMatchObject({
+        tag: FRAGMENT,
+        props: createObjectMatcher({ key: `[2]` }),
+        children: [
           {
             type: NodeTypes.TEXT,
             content: `fine`
           }
         ]
-      ])
+      })
       expect(generate(root).code).toMatchSnapshot()
     })
 
@@ -471,9 +445,8 @@ describe('compiler: v-if', () => {
       const {
         node: { codegenNode }
       } = parseWithIfTransform(`<div v-if="ok" v-bind="obj"/>`)
-      const branch1 = (codegenNode.expressions[1] as ConditionalExpression)
-        .consequent as CallExpression
-      expect(branch1.arguments[1]).toMatchObject({
+      const branch1 = codegenNode.consequent as VNodeCall
+      expect(branch1.props).toMatchObject({
         type: NodeTypes.JS_CALL_EXPRESSION,
         callee: MERGE_PROPS,
         arguments: [createObjectMatcher({ key: `[0]` }), { content: `obj` }]
@@ -484,9 +457,8 @@ describe('compiler: v-if', () => {
       const {
         node: { codegenNode }
       } = parseWithIfTransform(`<div v-if="ok" id="foo" v-bind="obj"/>`)
-      const branch1 = (codegenNode.expressions[1] as ConditionalExpression)
-        .consequent as CallExpression
-      expect(branch1.arguments[1]).toMatchObject({
+      const branch1 = codegenNode.consequent as VNodeCall
+      expect(branch1.props).toMatchObject({
         type: NodeTypes.JS_CALL_EXPRESSION,
         callee: MERGE_PROPS,
         arguments: [
@@ -503,9 +475,8 @@ describe('compiler: v-if', () => {
       const {
         node: { codegenNode }
       } = parseWithIfTransform(`<div v-if="ok" v-bind="obj" id="foo"/>`)
-      const branch1 = (codegenNode.expressions[1] as ConditionalExpression)
-        .consequent as CallExpression
-      expect(branch1.arguments[1]).toMatchObject({
+      const branch1 = codegenNode.consequent as VNodeCall
+      expect(branch1.props).toMatchObject({
         type: NodeTypes.JS_CALL_EXPRESSION,
         callee: MERGE_PROPS,
         arguments: [
@@ -522,13 +493,9 @@ describe('compiler: v-if', () => {
       const {
         node: { codegenNode }
       } = parseWithIfTransform(`<div v-if="ok" v-foo />`)
-      const branch1 = (codegenNode.expressions[1] as ConditionalExpression)
-        .consequent as CallExpression
-      expect(branch1.callee).toBe(WITH_DIRECTIVES)
-      const realBranch = branch1.arguments[0] as CallExpression
-      expect(realBranch.arguments[1]).toMatchObject(
-        createObjectMatcher({ key: `[0]` })
-      )
+      const branch1 = codegenNode.consequent as VNodeCall
+      expect(branch1.directives).not.toBeUndefined()
+      expect(branch1.props).toMatchObject(createObjectMatcher({ key: `[0]` }))
     })
 
     test('v-if with key', () => {
@@ -536,12 +503,10 @@ describe('compiler: v-if', () => {
         root,
         node: { codegenNode }
       } = parseWithIfTransform(`<div v-if="ok" key="some-key"/>`)
-      const branch1 = (codegenNode.expressions[1] as ConditionalExpression)
-        .consequent as CallExpression
-      expect(branch1.arguments).toMatchObject([
-        `"div"`,
-        createObjectMatcher({ key: 'some-key' })
-      ])
+      expect(codegenNode.consequent).toMatchObject({
+        tag: `"div"`,
+        props: createObjectMatcher({ key: 'some-key' })
+      })
       expect(generate(root).code).toMatchSnapshot()
     })
 
diff --git a/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/transforms/vModel.spec.ts b/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/transforms/vModel.spec.ts
index 37812852f..dfce61f38 100644
--- a/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/transforms/vModel.spec.ts
+++ b/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/transforms/vModel.spec.ts
@@ -5,12 +5,11 @@ import {
   ElementNode,
   ObjectExpression,
   CompilerOptions,
-  CallExpression,
   ForNode,
   PlainElementNode,
-  PlainElementCodegenNode,
   ComponentNode,
-  NodeTypes
+  NodeTypes,
+  VNodeCall
 } from '../../src'
 import { ErrorCodes } from '../../src/errors'
 import { transformModel } from '../../src/transforms/vModel'
@@ -43,8 +42,8 @@ describe('compiler: transform v-model', () => {
   test('simple exprssion', () => {
     const root = parseWithVModel('<input v-model="model" />')
     const node = root.children[0] as ElementNode
-    const props = ((node.codegenNode as CallExpression)
-      .arguments[1] as ObjectExpression).properties
+    const props = ((node.codegenNode as VNodeCall).props as ObjectExpression)
+      .properties
 
     expect(props[0]).toMatchObject({
       key: {
@@ -82,8 +81,8 @@ describe('compiler: transform v-model', () => {
       prefixIdentifiers: true
     })
     const node = root.children[0] as ElementNode
-    const props = ((node.codegenNode as CallExpression)
-      .arguments[1] as ObjectExpression).properties
+    const props = ((node.codegenNode as VNodeCall).props as ObjectExpression)
+      .properties
 
     expect(props[0]).toMatchObject({
       key: {
@@ -119,8 +118,8 @@ describe('compiler: transform v-model', () => {
   test('compound expression', () => {
     const root = parseWithVModel('<input v-model="model[index]" />')
     const node = root.children[0] as ElementNode
-    const props = ((node.codegenNode as CallExpression)
-      .arguments[1] as ObjectExpression).properties
+    const props = ((node.codegenNode as VNodeCall).props as ObjectExpression)
+      .properties
 
     expect(props[0]).toMatchObject({
       key: {
@@ -158,8 +157,8 @@ describe('compiler: transform v-model', () => {
       prefixIdentifiers: true
     })
     const node = root.children[0] as ElementNode
-    const props = ((node.codegenNode as CallExpression)
-      .arguments[1] as ObjectExpression).properties
+    const props = ((node.codegenNode as VNodeCall).props as ObjectExpression)
+      .properties
 
     expect(props[0]).toMatchObject({
       key: {
@@ -215,9 +214,8 @@ describe('compiler: transform v-model', () => {
   test('with argument', () => {
     const root = parseWithVModel('<input v-model:value="model" />')
     const node = root.children[0] as ElementNode
-    const props = ((node.codegenNode as CallExpression)
-      .arguments[1] as ObjectExpression).properties
-
+    const props = ((node.codegenNode as VNodeCall).props as ObjectExpression)
+      .properties
     expect(props[0]).toMatchObject({
       key: {
         content: 'value',
@@ -252,8 +250,8 @@ describe('compiler: transform v-model', () => {
   test('with dynamic argument', () => {
     const root = parseWithVModel('<input v-model:[value]="model" />')
     const node = root.children[0] as ElementNode
-    const props = ((node.codegenNode as CallExpression)
-      .arguments[1] as ObjectExpression).properties
+    const props = ((node.codegenNode as VNodeCall).props as ObjectExpression)
+      .properties
 
     expect(props[0]).toMatchObject({
       key: {
@@ -296,8 +294,8 @@ describe('compiler: transform v-model', () => {
       prefixIdentifiers: true
     })
     const node = root.children[0] as ElementNode
-    const props = ((node.codegenNode as CallExpression)
-      .arguments[1] as ObjectExpression).properties
+    const props = ((node.codegenNode as VNodeCall).props as ObjectExpression)
+      .properties
 
     expect(props[0]).toMatchObject({
       key: {
@@ -342,12 +340,12 @@ describe('compiler: transform v-model', () => {
     })
     expect(root.cached).toBe(1)
     const codegen = (root.children[0] as PlainElementNode)
-      .codegenNode as PlainElementCodegenNode
+      .codegenNode as VNodeCall
     // should not list cached prop in dynamicProps
-    expect(codegen.arguments[4]).toBe(`["modelValue"]`)
-    expect(
-      (codegen.arguments[1] as ObjectExpression).properties[1].value.type
-    ).toBe(NodeTypes.JS_CACHE_EXPRESSION)
+    expect(codegen.dynamicProps).toBe(`["modelValue"]`)
+    expect((codegen.props as ObjectExpression).properties[1].value.type).toBe(
+      NodeTypes.JS_CACHE_EXPRESSION
+    )
   })
 
   test('should not cache update handler if it refers v-for scope variables', () => {
@@ -360,10 +358,10 @@ describe('compiler: transform v-model', () => {
     )
     expect(root.cached).toBe(0)
     const codegen = ((root.children[0] as ForNode)
-      .children[0] as PlainElementNode).codegenNode as PlainElementCodegenNode
-    expect(codegen.arguments[4]).toBe(`["modelValue", "onUpdate:modelValue"]`)
+      .children[0] as PlainElementNode).codegenNode as VNodeCall
+    expect(codegen.dynamicProps).toBe(`["modelValue", "onUpdate:modelValue"]`)
     expect(
-      (codegen.arguments[1] as ObjectExpression).properties[1].value.type
+      (codegen.props as ObjectExpression).properties[1].value.type
     ).not.toBe(NodeTypes.JS_CACHE_EXPRESSION)
   })
 
@@ -375,18 +373,18 @@ describe('compiler: transform v-model', () => {
       }
     )
     const codegen = ((root.children[0] as ComponentNode)
-      .children[0] as PlainElementNode).codegenNode as PlainElementCodegenNode
-    expect(codegen.arguments[4]).toBe(`["modelValue", "onUpdate:modelValue"]`)
+      .children[0] as PlainElementNode).codegenNode as VNodeCall
+    expect(codegen.dynamicProps).toBe(`["modelValue", "onUpdate:modelValue"]`)
   })
 
   test('should generate modelModifers for component v-model', () => {
     const root = parseWithVModel('<Comp v-model.trim.bar-baz="foo" />', {
       prefixIdentifiers: true
     })
-    const args = ((root.children[0] as ComponentNode)
-      .codegenNode as CallExpression).arguments
+    const vnodeCall = (root.children[0] as ComponentNode)
+      .codegenNode as VNodeCall
     // props
-    expect(args[1]).toMatchObject({
+    expect(vnodeCall.props).toMatchObject({
       properties: [
         { key: { content: `modelValue` } },
         { key: { content: `onUpdate:modelValue` } },
@@ -398,7 +396,7 @@ describe('compiler: transform v-model', () => {
     })
     // should NOT include modelModifiers in dynamicPropNames because it's never
     // gonna change
-    expect(args[4]).toBe(`["modelValue", "onUpdate:modelValue"]`)
+    expect(vnodeCall.dynamicProps).toBe(`["modelValue", "onUpdate:modelValue"]`)
   })
 
   test('should generate modelModifers for component v-model with arguments', () => {
@@ -408,10 +406,10 @@ describe('compiler: transform v-model', () => {
         prefixIdentifiers: true
       }
     )
-    const args = ((root.children[0] as ComponentNode)
-      .codegenNode as CallExpression).arguments
+    const vnodeCall = (root.children[0] as ComponentNode)
+      .codegenNode as VNodeCall
     // props
-    expect(args[1]).toMatchObject({
+    expect(vnodeCall.props).toMatchObject({
       properties: [
         { key: { content: `foo` } },
         { key: { content: `onUpdate:foo` } },
@@ -429,7 +427,9 @@ describe('compiler: transform v-model', () => {
     })
     // should NOT include modelModifiers in dynamicPropNames because it's never
     // gonna change
-    expect(args[4]).toBe(`["foo", "onUpdate:foo", "bar", "onUpdate:bar"]`)
+    expect(vnodeCall.dynamicProps).toBe(
+      `["foo", "onUpdate:foo", "bar", "onUpdate:bar"]`
+    )
   })
 
   describe('errors', () => {
diff --git a/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/transforms/vOn.spec.ts b/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/transforms/vOn.spec.ts
index 2ad2b4f14..b015eabba 100644
--- a/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/transforms/vOn.spec.ts
+++ b/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/transforms/vOn.spec.ts
@@ -6,8 +6,7 @@ import {
   CompilerOptions,
   ErrorCodes,
   NodeTypes,
-  CallExpression,
-  PlainElementCodegenNode
+  VNodeCall
 } from '../../src'
 import { transformOn } from '../../src/transforms/vOn'
 import { transformElement } from '../../src/transforms/transformElement'
@@ -31,54 +30,58 @@ function parseWithVOn(template: string, options: CompilerOptions = {}) {
 describe('compiler: transform v-on', () => {
   test('basic', () => {
     const { node } = parseWithVOn(`<div v-on:click="onClick"/>`)
-    const props = (node.codegenNode as CallExpression)
-      .arguments[1] as ObjectExpression
-    expect(props.properties[0]).toMatchObject({
-      key: {
-        content: `onClick`,
-        isStatic: true,
-        loc: {
-          start: {
-            line: 1,
-            column: 11
+    expect((node.codegenNode as VNodeCall).props).toMatchObject({
+      properties: [
+        {
+          key: {
+            content: `onClick`,
+            isStatic: true,
+            loc: {
+              start: {
+                line: 1,
+                column: 11
+              },
+              end: {
+                line: 1,
+                column: 16
+              }
+            }
           },
-          end: {
-            line: 1,
-            column: 16
+          value: {
+            content: `onClick`,
+            isStatic: false,
+            loc: {
+              start: {
+                line: 1,
+                column: 18
+              },
+              end: {
+                line: 1,
+                column: 25
+              }
+            }
           }
         }
-      },
-      value: {
-        content: `onClick`,
-        isStatic: false,
-        loc: {
-          start: {
-            line: 1,
-            column: 18
-          },
-          end: {
-            line: 1,
-            column: 25
-          }
-        }
-      }
+      ]
     })
   })
 
   test('dynamic arg', () => {
     const { node } = parseWithVOn(`<div v-on:[event]="handler"/>`)
-    const props = (node.codegenNode as CallExpression)
-      .arguments[1] as ObjectExpression
-    expect(props.properties[0]).toMatchObject({
-      key: {
-        type: NodeTypes.COMPOUND_EXPRESSION,
-        children: [`"on" + (`, { content: `event` }, `)`]
-      },
-      value: {
-        type: NodeTypes.SIMPLE_EXPRESSION,
-        content: `handler`,
-        isStatic: false
-      }
+    expect((node.codegenNode as VNodeCall).props).toMatchObject({
+      properties: [
+        {
+          key: {
+            type: NodeTypes.COMPOUND_EXPRESSION,
+            children: [`"on" + (`, { content: `event` }, `)`]
+          },
+          value: {
+            type: NodeTypes.SIMPLE_EXPRESSION,
+            content: `handler`,
+            isStatic: false
+          }
+        }
+      ]
     })
   })
 
@@ -86,18 +89,20 @@ describe('compiler: transform v-on', () => {
     const { node } = parseWithVOn(`<div v-on:[event]="handler"/>`, {
       prefixIdentifiers: true
     })
-    const props = (node.codegenNode as CallExpression)
-      .arguments[1] as ObjectExpression
-    expect(props.properties[0]).toMatchObject({
-      key: {
-        type: NodeTypes.COMPOUND_EXPRESSION,
-        children: [`"on" + (`, { content: `_ctx.event` }, `)`]
-      },
-      value: {
-        type: NodeTypes.SIMPLE_EXPRESSION,
-        content: `_ctx.handler`,
-        isStatic: false
-      }
+    expect((node.codegenNode as VNodeCall).props).toMatchObject({
+      properties: [
+        {
+          key: {
+            type: NodeTypes.COMPOUND_EXPRESSION,
+            children: [`"on" + (`, { content: `_ctx.event` }, `)`]
+          },
+          value: {
+            type: NodeTypes.SIMPLE_EXPRESSION,
+            content: `_ctx.handler`,
+            isStatic: false
+          }
+        }
+      ]
     })
   })
 
@@ -105,54 +110,60 @@ describe('compiler: transform v-on', () => {
     const { node } = parseWithVOn(`<div v-on:[event(foo)]="handler"/>`, {
       prefixIdentifiers: true
     })
-    const props = (node.codegenNode as CallExpression)
-      .arguments[1] as ObjectExpression
-    expect(props.properties[0]).toMatchObject({
-      key: {
-        type: NodeTypes.COMPOUND_EXPRESSION,
-        children: [
-          `"on" + (`,
-          { content: `_ctx.event` },
-          `(`,
-          { content: `_ctx.foo` },
-          `)`,
-          `)`
-        ]
-      },
-      value: {
-        type: NodeTypes.SIMPLE_EXPRESSION,
-        content: `_ctx.handler`,
-        isStatic: false
-      }
+    expect((node.codegenNode as VNodeCall).props).toMatchObject({
+      properties: [
+        {
+          key: {
+            type: NodeTypes.COMPOUND_EXPRESSION,
+            children: [
+              `"on" + (`,
+              { content: `_ctx.event` },
+              `(`,
+              { content: `_ctx.foo` },
+              `)`,
+              `)`
+            ]
+          },
+          value: {
+            type: NodeTypes.SIMPLE_EXPRESSION,
+            content: `_ctx.handler`,
+            isStatic: false
+          }
+        }
+      ]
     })
   })
 
   test('should wrap as function if expression is inline statement', () => {
     const { node } = parseWithVOn(`<div @click="i++"/>`)
-    const props = (node.codegenNode as CallExpression)
-      .arguments[1] as ObjectExpression
-    expect(props.properties[0]).toMatchObject({
-      key: { content: `onClick` },
-      value: {
-        type: NodeTypes.COMPOUND_EXPRESSION,
-        children: [`$event => (`, { content: `i++` }, `)`]
-      }
+    expect((node.codegenNode as VNodeCall).props).toMatchObject({
+      properties: [
+        {
+          key: { content: `onClick` },
+          value: {
+            type: NodeTypes.COMPOUND_EXPRESSION,
+            children: [`$event => (`, { content: `i++` }, `)`]
+          }
+        }
+      ]
     })
   })
 
   test('should handle multiple inline statement', () => {
     const { node } = parseWithVOn(`<div @click="foo();bar()"/>`)
-    const props = (node.codegenNode as CallExpression)
-      .arguments[1] as ObjectExpression
-    expect(props.properties[0]).toMatchObject({
-      key: { content: `onClick` },
-      value: {
-        type: NodeTypes.COMPOUND_EXPRESSION,
-        // should wrap with `{` for multiple statements
-        // in this case the return value is discarded and the behavior is
-        // consistent with 2.x
-        children: [`$event => {`, { content: `foo();bar()` }, `}`]
-      }
+    expect((node.codegenNode as VNodeCall).props).toMatchObject({
+      properties: [
+        {
+          key: { content: `onClick` },
+          value: {
+            type: NodeTypes.COMPOUND_EXPRESSION,
+            // should wrap with `{` for multiple statements
+            // in this case the return value is discarded and the behavior is
+            // consistent with 2.x
+            children: [`$event => {`, { content: `foo();bar()` }, `}`]
+          }
+        }
+      ]
     })
   })
 
@@ -160,27 +171,29 @@ describe('compiler: transform v-on', () => {
     const { node } = parseWithVOn(`<div @click="foo($event)"/>`, {
       prefixIdentifiers: true
     })
-    const props = (node.codegenNode as CallExpression)
-      .arguments[1] as ObjectExpression
-    expect(props.properties[0]).toMatchObject({
-      key: { content: `onClick` },
-      value: {
-        type: NodeTypes.COMPOUND_EXPRESSION,
-        children: [
-          `$event => (`,
-          {
+    expect((node.codegenNode as VNodeCall).props).toMatchObject({
+      properties: [
+        {
+          key: { content: `onClick` },
+          value: {
             type: NodeTypes.COMPOUND_EXPRESSION,
             children: [
-              { content: `_ctx.foo` },
-              `(`,
-              // should NOT prefix $event
-              { content: `$event` },
+              `$event => (`,
+              {
+                type: NodeTypes.COMPOUND_EXPRESSION,
+                children: [
+                  { content: `_ctx.foo` },
+                  `(`,
+                  // should NOT prefix $event
+                  { content: `$event` },
+                  `)`
+                ]
+              },
               `)`
             ]
-          },
-          `)`
-        ]
-      }
+          }
+        }
+      ]
     })
   })
 
@@ -188,54 +201,60 @@ describe('compiler: transform v-on', () => {
     const { node } = parseWithVOn(`<div @click="foo($event);bar()"/>`, {
       prefixIdentifiers: true
     })
-    const props = (node.codegenNode as CallExpression)
-      .arguments[1] as ObjectExpression
-    expect(props.properties[0]).toMatchObject({
-      key: { content: `onClick` },
-      value: {
-        type: NodeTypes.COMPOUND_EXPRESSION,
-        children: [
-          `$event => {`,
-          {
+    expect((node.codegenNode as VNodeCall).props).toMatchObject({
+      properties: [
+        {
+          key: { content: `onClick` },
+          value: {
+            type: NodeTypes.COMPOUND_EXPRESSION,
             children: [
-              { content: `_ctx.foo` },
-              `(`,
-              // should NOT prefix $event
-              { content: `$event` },
-              `);`,
-              { content: `_ctx.bar` },
-              `()`
+              `$event => {`,
+              {
+                children: [
+                  { content: `_ctx.foo` },
+                  `(`,
+                  // should NOT prefix $event
+                  { content: `$event` },
+                  `);`,
+                  { content: `_ctx.bar` },
+                  `()`
+                ]
+              },
+              `}`
             ]
-          },
-          `}`
-        ]
-      }
+          }
+        }
+      ]
     })
   })
 
   test('should NOT wrap as function if expression is already function expression', () => {
     const { node } = parseWithVOn(`<div @click="$event => foo($event)"/>`)
-    const props = (node.codegenNode as CallExpression)
-      .arguments[1] as ObjectExpression
-    expect(props.properties[0]).toMatchObject({
-      key: { content: `onClick` },
-      value: {
-        type: NodeTypes.SIMPLE_EXPRESSION,
-        content: `$event => foo($event)`
-      }
+    expect((node.codegenNode as VNodeCall).props).toMatchObject({
+      properties: [
+        {
+          key: { content: `onClick` },
+          value: {
+            type: NodeTypes.SIMPLE_EXPRESSION,
+            content: `$event => foo($event)`
+          }
+        }
+      ]
     })
   })
 
   test('should NOT wrap as function if expression is complex member expression', () => {
     const { node } = parseWithVOn(`<div @click="a['b' + c]"/>`)
-    const props = (node.codegenNode as CallExpression)
-      .arguments[1] as ObjectExpression
-    expect(props.properties[0]).toMatchObject({
-      key: { content: `onClick` },
-      value: {
-        type: NodeTypes.SIMPLE_EXPRESSION,
-        content: `a['b' + c]`
-      }
+    expect((node.codegenNode as VNodeCall).props).toMatchObject({
+      properties: [
+        {
+          key: { content: `onClick` },
+          value: {
+            type: NodeTypes.SIMPLE_EXPRESSION,
+            content: `a['b' + c]`
+          }
+        }
+      ]
     })
   })
 
@@ -243,14 +262,21 @@ describe('compiler: transform v-on', () => {
     const { node } = parseWithVOn(`<div @click="a['b' + c]"/>`, {
       prefixIdentifiers: true
     })
-    const props = (node.codegenNode as CallExpression)
-      .arguments[1] as ObjectExpression
-    expect(props.properties[0]).toMatchObject({
-      key: { content: `onClick` },
-      value: {
-        type: NodeTypes.COMPOUND_EXPRESSION,
-        children: [{ content: `_ctx.a` }, `['b' + `, { content: `_ctx.c` }, `]`]
-      }
+    expect((node.codegenNode as VNodeCall).props).toMatchObject({
+      properties: [
+        {
+          key: { content: `onClick` },
+          value: {
+            type: NodeTypes.COMPOUND_EXPRESSION,
+            children: [
+              { content: `_ctx.a` },
+              `['b' + `,
+              { content: `_ctx.c` },
+              `]`
+            ]
+          }
+        }
+      ]
     })
   })
 
@@ -258,21 +284,23 @@ describe('compiler: transform v-on', () => {
     const { node } = parseWithVOn(`<div @click="e => foo(e)"/>`, {
       prefixIdentifiers: true
     })
-    const props = (node.codegenNode as CallExpression)
-      .arguments[1] as ObjectExpression
-    expect(props.properties[0]).toMatchObject({
-      key: { content: `onClick` },
-      value: {
-        type: NodeTypes.COMPOUND_EXPRESSION,
-        children: [
-          { content: `e` },
-          ` => `,
-          { content: `_ctx.foo` },
-          `(`,
-          { content: `e` },
-          `)`
-        ]
-      }
+    expect((node.codegenNode as VNodeCall).props).toMatchObject({
+      properties: [
+        {
+          key: { content: `onClick` },
+          value: {
+            type: NodeTypes.COMPOUND_EXPRESSION,
+            children: [
+              { content: `e` },
+              ` => `,
+              { content: `_ctx.foo` },
+              `(`,
+              { content: `e` },
+              `)`
+            ]
+          }
+        }
+      ]
     })
   })
 
@@ -302,15 +330,17 @@ describe('compiler: transform v-on', () => {
 
   test('case conversion for vnode hooks', () => {
     const { node } = parseWithVOn(`<div v-on:vnode-mounted="onMount"/>`)
-    const props = (node.codegenNode as CallExpression)
-      .arguments[1] as ObjectExpression
-    expect(props.properties[0]).toMatchObject({
-      key: {
-        content: `onVnodeMounted`
-      },
-      value: {
-        content: `onMount`
-      }
+    expect((node.codegenNode as VNodeCall).props).toMatchObject({
+      properties: [
+        {
+          key: {
+            content: `onVnodeMounted`
+          },
+          value: {
+            content: `onMount`
+          }
+        }
+      ]
     })
   })
 
@@ -321,10 +351,12 @@ describe('compiler: transform v-on', () => {
         cacheHandlers: true
       })
       expect(root.cached).toBe(1)
-      const args = (node.codegenNode as PlainElementCodegenNode).arguments
+      const vnodeCall = node.codegenNode as VNodeCall
       // should not treat cached handler as dynamicProp, so no flags
-      expect(args.length).toBe(2)
-      expect((args[1] as ObjectExpression).properties[0].value).toMatchObject({
+      expect(vnodeCall.patchFlag).toBeUndefined()
+      expect(
+        (vnodeCall.props as ObjectExpression).properties[0].value
+      ).toMatchObject({
         type: NodeTypes.JS_CACHE_EXPRESSION,
         index: 1,
         value: {
@@ -340,10 +372,12 @@ describe('compiler: transform v-on', () => {
         cacheHandlers: true
       })
       expect(root.cached).toBe(1)
-      const args = (node.codegenNode as PlainElementCodegenNode).arguments
+      const vnodeCall = node.codegenNode as VNodeCall
       // should not treat cached handler as dynamicProp, so no flags
-      expect(args.length).toBe(2)
-      expect((args[1] as ObjectExpression).properties[0].value).toMatchObject({
+      expect(vnodeCall.patchFlag).toBeUndefined()
+      expect(
+        (vnodeCall.props as ObjectExpression).properties[0].value
+      ).toMatchObject({
         type: NodeTypes.JS_CACHE_EXPRESSION,
         index: 1,
         value: {
@@ -359,10 +393,12 @@ describe('compiler: transform v-on', () => {
         cacheHandlers: true
       })
       expect(root.cached).toBe(1)
-      const args = (node.codegenNode as PlainElementCodegenNode).arguments
+      const vnodeCall = node.codegenNode as VNodeCall
       // should not treat cached handler as dynamicProp, so no flags
-      expect(args.length).toBe(2)
-      expect((args[1] as ObjectExpression).properties[0].value).toMatchObject({
+      expect(vnodeCall.patchFlag).toBeUndefined()
+      expect(
+        (vnodeCall.props as ObjectExpression).properties[0].value
+      ).toMatchObject({
         type: NodeTypes.JS_CACHE_EXPRESSION,
         index: 1,
         value: {
@@ -378,10 +414,13 @@ describe('compiler: transform v-on', () => {
         cacheHandlers: true
       })
       expect(root.cached).toBe(1)
-      const args = (node.codegenNode as PlainElementCodegenNode).arguments
+      expect(root.cached).toBe(1)
+      const vnodeCall = node.codegenNode as VNodeCall
       // should not treat cached handler as dynamicProp, so no flags
-      expect(args.length).toBe(2)
-      expect((args[1] as ObjectExpression).properties[0].value).toMatchObject({
+      expect(vnodeCall.patchFlag).toBeUndefined()
+      expect(
+        (vnodeCall.props as ObjectExpression).properties[0].value
+      ).toMatchObject({
         type: NodeTypes.JS_CACHE_EXPRESSION,
         index: 1,
         value: {
diff --git a/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/transforms/vOnce.spec.ts b/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/transforms/vOnce.spec.ts
index 1c9f9ace9..45eff37d0 100644
--- a/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/transforms/vOnce.spec.ts
+++ b/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/transforms/vOnce.spec.ts
@@ -7,11 +7,7 @@ import {
 } from '../../src'
 import { transformOnce } from '../../src/transforms/vOnce'
 import { transformElement } from '../../src/transforms/transformElement'
-import {
-  CREATE_VNODE,
-  RENDER_SLOT,
-  SET_BLOCK_TRACKING
-} from '../../src/runtimeHelpers'
+import { RENDER_SLOT, SET_BLOCK_TRACKING } from '../../src/runtimeHelpers'
 import { transformBind } from '../../src/transforms/vBind'
 import { transformSlotOutlet } from '../../src/transforms/transformSlotOutlet'
 
@@ -36,8 +32,8 @@ describe('compiler: v-once transform', () => {
       type: NodeTypes.JS_CACHE_EXPRESSION,
       index: 1,
       value: {
-        type: NodeTypes.JS_CALL_EXPRESSION,
-        callee: CREATE_VNODE
+        type: NodeTypes.VNODE_CALL,
+        tag: `"div"`
       }
     })
     expect(generate(root).code).toMatchSnapshot()
@@ -51,8 +47,8 @@ describe('compiler: v-once transform', () => {
       type: NodeTypes.JS_CACHE_EXPRESSION,
       index: 1,
       value: {
-        type: NodeTypes.JS_CALL_EXPRESSION,
-        callee: CREATE_VNODE
+        type: NodeTypes.VNODE_CALL,
+        tag: `"div"`
       }
     })
     expect(generate(root).code).toMatchSnapshot()
@@ -66,8 +62,8 @@ describe('compiler: v-once transform', () => {
       type: NodeTypes.JS_CACHE_EXPRESSION,
       index: 1,
       value: {
-        type: NodeTypes.JS_CALL_EXPRESSION,
-        callee: CREATE_VNODE
+        type: NodeTypes.VNODE_CALL,
+        tag: `_component_Comp`
       }
     })
     expect(generate(root).code).toMatchSnapshot()
@@ -100,8 +96,8 @@ describe('compiler: v-once transform', () => {
       type: NodeTypes.JS_CACHE_EXPRESSION,
       index: 1,
       value: {
-        type: NodeTypes.JS_CALL_EXPRESSION,
-        callee: CREATE_VNODE
+        type: NodeTypes.VNODE_CALL,
+        tag: `"div"`
       }
     })
     expect(generate(root).code).toMatchSnapshot()
diff --git a/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/transforms/vSlot.spec.ts b/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/transforms/vSlot.spec.ts
index b313f6e1f..3d8f1968e 100644
--- a/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/transforms/vSlot.spec.ts
+++ b/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/transforms/vSlot.spec.ts
@@ -7,8 +7,9 @@ import {
   NodeTypes,
   ErrorCodes,
   ForNode,
-  CallExpression,
-  ComponentNode
+  ComponentNode,
+  VNodeCall,
+  SlotsExpression
 } from '../../src'
 import { transformElement } from '../../src/transforms/transformElement'
 import { transformOn } from '../../src/transforms/vOn'
@@ -46,7 +47,8 @@ function parseWithSlots(template: string, options: CompilerOptions = {}) {
     root: ast,
     slots:
       ast.children[0].type === NodeTypes.ELEMENT
-        ? (ast.children[0].codegenNode as CallExpression).arguments[2]
+        ? ((ast.children[0].codegenNode as VNodeCall)
+            .children as SlotsExpression)
         : null
   }
 }
@@ -311,43 +313,41 @@ describe('compiler: transform component slots', () => {
             {
               type: NodeTypes.ELEMENT,
               codegenNode: {
-                type: NodeTypes.JS_CALL_EXPRESSION,
-                arguments: [
-                  `_component_Inner`,
-                  `null`,
-                  createSlotMatcher({
-                    default: {
-                      type: NodeTypes.JS_FUNCTION_EXPRESSION,
-                      params: {
-                        type: NodeTypes.COMPOUND_EXPRESSION,
-                        children: [`{ `, { content: `bar` }, ` }`]
-                      },
-                      returns: [
-                        {
-                          type: NodeTypes.INTERPOLATION,
-                          content: {
-                            content: `foo`
-                          }
-                        },
-                        {
-                          type: NodeTypes.INTERPOLATION,
-                          content: {
-                            content: `bar`
-                          }
-                        },
-                        {
-                          type: NodeTypes.INTERPOLATION,
-                          content: {
-                            content: `_ctx.baz`
-                          }
+                type: NodeTypes.VNODE_CALL,
+                tag: `_component_Inner`,
+                props: undefined,
+                children: createSlotMatcher({
+                  default: {
+                    type: NodeTypes.JS_FUNCTION_EXPRESSION,
+                    params: {
+                      type: NodeTypes.COMPOUND_EXPRESSION,
+                      children: [`{ `, { content: `bar` }, ` }`]
+                    },
+                    returns: [
+                      {
+                        type: NodeTypes.INTERPOLATION,
+                        content: {
+                          content: `foo`
                         }
-                      ]
-                    }
-                  }),
-                  // nested slot should be forced dynamic, since scope variables
-                  // are not tracked as dependencies of the slot.
-                  genFlagText(PatchFlags.DYNAMIC_SLOTS)
-                ]
+                      },
+                      {
+                        type: NodeTypes.INTERPOLATION,
+                        content: {
+                          content: `bar`
+                        }
+                      },
+                      {
+                        type: NodeTypes.INTERPOLATION,
+                        content: {
+                          content: `_ctx.baz`
+                        }
+                      }
+                    ]
+                  }
+                }),
+                // nested slot should be forced dynamic, since scope variables
+                // are not tracked as dependencies of the slot.
+                patchFlag: genFlagText(PatchFlags.DYNAMIC_SLOTS)
               }
             },
             // test scope
@@ -388,8 +388,8 @@ describe('compiler: transform component slots', () => {
     )
     const div = ((root.children[0] as ForNode).children[0] as ElementNode)
       .codegenNode as any
-    const comp = div.arguments[2][0]
-    expect(comp.codegenNode.arguments[3]).toBe(
+    const comp = div.children[0]
+    expect(comp.codegenNode.patchFlag).toBe(
       genFlagText(PatchFlags.DYNAMIC_SLOTS)
     )
   })
@@ -401,12 +401,12 @@ describe('compiler: transform component slots', () => {
       if (root.children[0].type === NodeTypes.FOR) {
         const div = (root.children[0].children[0] as ElementNode)
           .codegenNode as any
-        const comp = div.arguments[2][0]
-        flag = comp.codegenNode.arguments[3]
+        const comp = div.children[0]
+        flag = comp.codegenNode.patchFlag
       } else {
         const innerComp = (root.children[0] as ComponentNode)
           .children[0] as ComponentNode
-        flag = (innerComp.codegenNode as CallExpression).arguments[3]
+        flag = (innerComp.codegenNode as VNodeCall).patchFlag
       }
       if (shouldForce) {
         expect(flag).toBe(genFlagText(PatchFlags.DYNAMIC_SLOTS))
@@ -480,7 +480,7 @@ describe('compiler: transform component slots', () => {
         }
       ]
     })
-    expect((root as any).children[0].codegenNode.arguments[3]).toMatch(
+    expect((root as any).children[0].codegenNode.patchFlag).toMatch(
       PatchFlags.DYNAMIC_SLOTS + ''
     )
     expect(generate(root).code).toMatchSnapshot()
@@ -528,7 +528,7 @@ describe('compiler: transform component slots', () => {
         }
       ]
     })
-    expect((root as any).children[0].codegenNode.arguments[3]).toMatch(
+    expect((root as any).children[0].codegenNode.patchFlag).toMatch(
       PatchFlags.DYNAMIC_SLOTS + ''
     )
     expect(generate(root, { prefixIdentifiers: true }).code).toMatchSnapshot()
@@ -588,7 +588,7 @@ describe('compiler: transform component slots', () => {
         }
       ]
     })
-    expect((root as any).children[0].codegenNode.arguments[3]).toMatch(
+    expect((root as any).children[0].codegenNode.patchFlag).toMatch(
       PatchFlags.DYNAMIC_SLOTS + ''
     )
     expect(generate(root).code).toMatchSnapshot()
@@ -638,7 +638,7 @@ describe('compiler: transform component slots', () => {
         }
       ]
     })
-    expect((root as any).children[0].codegenNode.arguments[3]).toMatch(
+    expect((root as any).children[0].codegenNode.patchFlag).toMatch(
       PatchFlags.DYNAMIC_SLOTS + ''
     )
     expect(generate(root, { prefixIdentifiers: true }).code).toMatchSnapshot()
diff --git a/packages/compiler-core/src/ast.ts b/packages/compiler-core/src/ast.ts
index 8655a5dc8..880525b23 100644
--- a/packages/compiler-core/src/ast.ts
+++ b/packages/compiler-core/src/ast.ts
@@ -506,7 +506,7 @@ export function createRoot(
 }
 
 export function createVNodeCall(
-  context: TransformContext,
+  context: TransformContext | null,
   tag: VNodeCall['tag'],
   props?: VNodeCall['props'],
   children?: VNodeCall['children'],
@@ -517,14 +517,16 @@ export function createVNodeCall(
   isForBlock: VNodeCall['isForBlock'] = false,
   loc = locStub
 ): VNodeCall {
-  if (isBlock) {
-    context.helper(OPEN_BLOCK)
-    context.helper(CREATE_BLOCK)
-  } else {
-    context.helper(CREATE_VNODE)
-  }
-  if (directives) {
-    context.helper(WITH_DIRECTIVES)
+  if (context) {
+    if (isBlock) {
+      context.helper(OPEN_BLOCK)
+      context.helper(CREATE_BLOCK)
+    } else {
+      context.helper(CREATE_VNODE)
+    }
+    if (directives) {
+      context.helper(WITH_DIRECTIVES)
+    }
   }
 
   return {
diff --git a/packages/compiler-dom/__tests__/__snapshots__/index.spec.ts.snap b/packages/compiler-dom/__tests__/__snapshots__/index.spec.ts.snap
index af1a5e737..afe610ad9 100644
--- a/packages/compiler-dom/__tests__/__snapshots__/index.spec.ts.snap
+++ b/packages/compiler-dom/__tests__/__snapshots__/index.spec.ts.snap
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ const _hoisted_1 = {}
 
 return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   with (this) {
-    const { createVNode: _createVNode, createBlock: _createBlock, Fragment: _Fragment, openBlock: _openBlock } = _Vue
+    const { createVNode: _createVNode, Fragment: _Fragment, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock } = _Vue
 
     return (_openBlock(), _createBlock(_Fragment, null, [
       _createVNode(\\"div\\", { textContent: text }, null, 8 /* PROPS */, [\\"textContent\\"]),
diff --git a/packages/compiler-dom/__tests__/transforms/__snapshots__/vModel.spec.ts.snap b/packages/compiler-dom/__tests__/transforms/__snapshots__/vModel.spec.ts.snap
index 7989e041e..44146f48a 100644
--- a/packages/compiler-dom/__tests__/transforms/__snapshots__/vModel.spec.ts.snap
+++ b/packages/compiler-dom/__tests__/transforms/__snapshots__/vModel.spec.ts.snap
@@ -5,14 +5,14 @@ exports[`compiler: transform v-model input w/ dynamic v-bind 1`] = `
 
 return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   with (this) {
-    const { vModelDynamic: _vModelDynamic, mergeProps: _mergeProps, createVNode: _createVNode, withDirectives: _withDirectives, createBlock: _createBlock, openBlock: _openBlock } = _Vue
+    const { vModelDynamic: _vModelDynamic, mergeProps: _mergeProps, createVNode: _createVNode, withDirectives: _withDirectives, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock } = _Vue
 
-    return (_openBlock(), _withDirectives(_createBlock(\\"input\\", _mergeProps(obj, {
+    return _withDirectives((_openBlock(), _createBlock(\\"input\\", _mergeProps(obj, {
       modelValue: model,
       \\"onUpdate:modelValue\\": $event => (model = $event)
-    }), null, 16 /* FULL_PROPS */, [\\"modelValue\\", \\"onUpdate:modelValue\\"]), [
+    }), null, 16 /* FULL_PROPS */, [\\"modelValue\\", \\"onUpdate:modelValue\\"])), [
       [_vModelDynamic, model]
-    ]))
+    ])
   }
 }"
 `;
@@ -22,17 +22,17 @@ exports[`compiler: transform v-model input w/ dynamic v-bind 2`] = `
 
 return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   with (this) {
-    const { vModelDynamic: _vModelDynamic, createVNode: _createVNode, withDirectives: _withDirectives, resolveDirective: _resolveDirective, createBlock: _createBlock, openBlock: _openBlock } = _Vue
+    const { vModelDynamic: _vModelDynamic, resolveDirective: _resolveDirective, createVNode: _createVNode, withDirectives: _withDirectives, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock } = _Vue
 
     const _directive_bind = _resolveDirective(\\"bind\\")
 
-    return (_openBlock(), _withDirectives(_createBlock(\\"input\\", {
+    return _withDirectives((_openBlock(), _createBlock(\\"input\\", {
       modelValue: model,
       \\"onUpdate:modelValue\\": $event => (model = $event)
-    }, null, 8 /* PROPS */, [\\"modelValue\\", \\"onUpdate:modelValue\\"]), [
+    }, null, 8 /* PROPS */, [\\"modelValue\\", \\"onUpdate:modelValue\\"])), [
       [_directive_bind, val, key],
       [_vModelDynamic, model]
-    ]))
+    ])
   }
 }"
 `;
@@ -42,19 +42,19 @@ exports[`compiler: transform v-model modifiers .lazy 1`] = `
 
 return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   with (this) {
-    const { vModelText: _vModelText, createVNode: _createVNode, withDirectives: _withDirectives, createBlock: _createBlock, openBlock: _openBlock } = _Vue
+    const { vModelText: _vModelText, createVNode: _createVNode, withDirectives: _withDirectives, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock } = _Vue
 
-    return (_openBlock(), _withDirectives(_createBlock(\\"input\\", {
+    return _withDirectives((_openBlock(), _createBlock(\\"input\\", {
       modelValue: model,
       \\"onUpdate:modelValue\\": $event => (model = $event)
-    }, null, 8 /* PROPS */, [\\"modelValue\\", \\"onUpdate:modelValue\\"]), [
+    }, null, 8 /* PROPS */, [\\"modelValue\\", \\"onUpdate:modelValue\\"])), [
       [
         _vModelText,
         model,
         void 0,
         { lazy: true }
       ]
-    ]))
+    ])
   }
 }"
 `;
@@ -64,19 +64,19 @@ exports[`compiler: transform v-model modifiers .number 1`] = `
 
 return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   with (this) {
-    const { vModelText: _vModelText, createVNode: _createVNode, withDirectives: _withDirectives, createBlock: _createBlock, openBlock: _openBlock } = _Vue
+    const { vModelText: _vModelText, createVNode: _createVNode, withDirectives: _withDirectives, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock } = _Vue
 
-    return (_openBlock(), _withDirectives(_createBlock(\\"input\\", {
+    return _withDirectives((_openBlock(), _createBlock(\\"input\\", {
       modelValue: model,
       \\"onUpdate:modelValue\\": $event => (model = $event)
-    }, null, 8 /* PROPS */, [\\"modelValue\\", \\"onUpdate:modelValue\\"]), [
+    }, null, 8 /* PROPS */, [\\"modelValue\\", \\"onUpdate:modelValue\\"])), [
       [
         _vModelText,
         model,
         void 0,
         { number: true }
       ]
-    ]))
+    ])
   }
 }"
 `;
@@ -86,19 +86,19 @@ exports[`compiler: transform v-model modifiers .trim 1`] = `
 
 return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   with (this) {
-    const { vModelText: _vModelText, createVNode: _createVNode, withDirectives: _withDirectives, createBlock: _createBlock, openBlock: _openBlock } = _Vue
+    const { vModelText: _vModelText, createVNode: _createVNode, withDirectives: _withDirectives, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock } = _Vue
 
-    return (_openBlock(), _withDirectives(_createBlock(\\"input\\", {
+    return _withDirectives((_openBlock(), _createBlock(\\"input\\", {
       modelValue: model,
       \\"onUpdate:modelValue\\": $event => (model = $event)
-    }, null, 8 /* PROPS */, [\\"modelValue\\", \\"onUpdate:modelValue\\"]), [
+    }, null, 8 /* PROPS */, [\\"modelValue\\", \\"onUpdate:modelValue\\"])), [
       [
         _vModelText,
         model,
         void 0,
         { trim: true }
       ]
-    ]))
+    ])
   }
 }"
 `;
@@ -108,14 +108,14 @@ exports[`compiler: transform v-model simple expression 1`] = `
 
 return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   with (this) {
-    const { vModelText: _vModelText, createVNode: _createVNode, withDirectives: _withDirectives, createBlock: _createBlock, openBlock: _openBlock } = _Vue
+    const { vModelText: _vModelText, createVNode: _createVNode, withDirectives: _withDirectives, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock } = _Vue
 
-    return (_openBlock(), _withDirectives(_createBlock(\\"input\\", {
+    return _withDirectives((_openBlock(), _createBlock(\\"input\\", {
       modelValue: model,
       \\"onUpdate:modelValue\\": $event => (model = $event)
-    }, null, 8 /* PROPS */, [\\"modelValue\\", \\"onUpdate:modelValue\\"]), [
+    }, null, 8 /* PROPS */, [\\"modelValue\\", \\"onUpdate:modelValue\\"])), [
       [_vModelText, model]
-    ]))
+    ])
   }
 }"
 `;
@@ -125,15 +125,15 @@ exports[`compiler: transform v-model simple expression for input (checkbox) 1`]
 
 return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   with (this) {
-    const { vModelCheckbox: _vModelCheckbox, createVNode: _createVNode, withDirectives: _withDirectives, createBlock: _createBlock, openBlock: _openBlock } = _Vue
+    const { vModelCheckbox: _vModelCheckbox, createVNode: _createVNode, withDirectives: _withDirectives, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock } = _Vue
 
-    return (_openBlock(), _withDirectives(_createBlock(\\"input\\", {
+    return _withDirectives((_openBlock(), _createBlock(\\"input\\", {
       type: \\"checkbox\\",
       modelValue: model,
       \\"onUpdate:modelValue\\": $event => (model = $event)
-    }, null, 8 /* PROPS */, [\\"modelValue\\", \\"onUpdate:modelValue\\"]), [
+    }, null, 8 /* PROPS */, [\\"modelValue\\", \\"onUpdate:modelValue\\"])), [
       [_vModelCheckbox, model]
-    ]))
+    ])
   }
 }"
 `;
@@ -143,17 +143,17 @@ exports[`compiler: transform v-model simple expression for input (dynamic type)
 
 return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   with (this) {
-    const { vModelDynamic: _vModelDynamic, createVNode: _createVNode, withDirectives: _withDirectives, resolveDirective: _resolveDirective, createBlock: _createBlock, openBlock: _openBlock } = _Vue
+    const { vModelDynamic: _vModelDynamic, resolveDirective: _resolveDirective, createVNode: _createVNode, withDirectives: _withDirectives, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock } = _Vue
 
     const _directive_bind = _resolveDirective(\\"bind\\")
 
-    return (_openBlock(), _withDirectives(_createBlock(\\"input\\", {
+    return _withDirectives((_openBlock(), _createBlock(\\"input\\", {
       modelValue: model,
       \\"onUpdate:modelValue\\": $event => (model = $event)
-    }, null, 8 /* PROPS */, [\\"modelValue\\", \\"onUpdate:modelValue\\"]), [
+    }, null, 8 /* PROPS */, [\\"modelValue\\", \\"onUpdate:modelValue\\"])), [
       [_directive_bind, foo, \\"type\\"],
       [_vModelDynamic, model]
-    ]))
+    ])
   }
 }"
 `;
@@ -163,15 +163,15 @@ exports[`compiler: transform v-model simple expression for input (radio) 1`] = `
 
 return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   with (this) {
-    const { vModelRadio: _vModelRadio, createVNode: _createVNode, withDirectives: _withDirectives, createBlock: _createBlock, openBlock: _openBlock } = _Vue
+    const { vModelRadio: _vModelRadio, createVNode: _createVNode, withDirectives: _withDirectives, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock } = _Vue
 
-    return (_openBlock(), _withDirectives(_createBlock(\\"input\\", {
+    return _withDirectives((_openBlock(), _createBlock(\\"input\\", {
       type: \\"radio\\",
       modelValue: model,
       \\"onUpdate:modelValue\\": $event => (model = $event)
-    }, null, 8 /* PROPS */, [\\"modelValue\\", \\"onUpdate:modelValue\\"]), [
+    }, null, 8 /* PROPS */, [\\"modelValue\\", \\"onUpdate:modelValue\\"])), [
       [_vModelRadio, model]
-    ]))
+    ])
   }
 }"
 `;
@@ -181,15 +181,15 @@ exports[`compiler: transform v-model simple expression for input (text) 1`] = `
 
 return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   with (this) {
-    const { vModelText: _vModelText, createVNode: _createVNode, withDirectives: _withDirectives, createBlock: _createBlock, openBlock: _openBlock } = _Vue
+    const { vModelText: _vModelText, createVNode: _createVNode, withDirectives: _withDirectives, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock } = _Vue
 
-    return (_openBlock(), _withDirectives(_createBlock(\\"input\\", {
+    return _withDirectives((_openBlock(), _createBlock(\\"input\\", {
       type: \\"text\\",
       modelValue: model,
       \\"onUpdate:modelValue\\": $event => (model = $event)
-    }, null, 8 /* PROPS */, [\\"modelValue\\", \\"onUpdate:modelValue\\"]), [
+    }, null, 8 /* PROPS */, [\\"modelValue\\", \\"onUpdate:modelValue\\"])), [
       [_vModelText, model]
-    ]))
+    ])
   }
 }"
 `;
@@ -199,14 +199,14 @@ exports[`compiler: transform v-model simple expression for select 1`] = `
 
 return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   with (this) {
-    const { vModelSelect: _vModelSelect, createVNode: _createVNode, withDirectives: _withDirectives, createBlock: _createBlock, openBlock: _openBlock } = _Vue
+    const { vModelSelect: _vModelSelect, createVNode: _createVNode, withDirectives: _withDirectives, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock } = _Vue
 
-    return (_openBlock(), _withDirectives(_createBlock(\\"select\\", {
+    return _withDirectives((_openBlock(), _createBlock(\\"select\\", {
       modelValue: model,
       \\"onUpdate:modelValue\\": $event => (model = $event)
-    }, null, 8 /* PROPS */, [\\"modelValue\\", \\"onUpdate:modelValue\\"]), [
+    }, null, 8 /* PROPS */, [\\"modelValue\\", \\"onUpdate:modelValue\\"])), [
       [_vModelSelect, model]
-    ]))
+    ])
   }
 }"
 `;
@@ -216,14 +216,14 @@ exports[`compiler: transform v-model simple expression for textarea 1`] = `
 
 return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   with (this) {
-    const { vModelText: _vModelText, createVNode: _createVNode, withDirectives: _withDirectives, createBlock: _createBlock, openBlock: _openBlock } = _Vue
+    const { vModelText: _vModelText, createVNode: _createVNode, withDirectives: _withDirectives, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock } = _Vue
 
-    return (_openBlock(), _withDirectives(_createBlock(\\"textarea\\", {
+    return _withDirectives((_openBlock(), _createBlock(\\"textarea\\", {
       modelValue: model,
       \\"onUpdate:modelValue\\": $event => (model = $event)
-    }, null, 8 /* PROPS */, [\\"modelValue\\", \\"onUpdate:modelValue\\"]), [
+    }, null, 8 /* PROPS */, [\\"modelValue\\", \\"onUpdate:modelValue\\"])), [
       [_vModelText, model]
-    ]))
+    ])
   }
 }"
 `;
diff --git a/packages/compiler-dom/__tests__/transforms/__snapshots__/vShow.spec.ts.snap b/packages/compiler-dom/__tests__/transforms/__snapshots__/vShow.spec.ts.snap
index 507f93c9a..c392948c8 100644
--- a/packages/compiler-dom/__tests__/transforms/__snapshots__/vShow.spec.ts.snap
+++ b/packages/compiler-dom/__tests__/transforms/__snapshots__/vShow.spec.ts.snap
@@ -5,11 +5,11 @@ exports[`compiler: v-show transform simple expression 1`] = `
 
 return function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   with (this) {
-    const { vShow: _vShow, createVNode: _createVNode, withDirectives: _withDirectives, createBlock: _createBlock, openBlock: _openBlock } = _Vue
+    const { vShow: _vShow, createVNode: _createVNode, withDirectives: _withDirectives, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock } = _Vue
 
-    return (_openBlock(), _withDirectives(_createBlock(\\"div\\", null, null, 32 /* NEED_PATCH */), [
+    return _withDirectives((_openBlock(), _createBlock(\\"div\\", null, null, 32 /* NEED_PATCH */)), [
       [_vShow, a]
-    ]))
+    ])
   }
 }"
 `;
diff --git a/packages/compiler-dom/__tests__/transforms/transformStyle.spec.ts b/packages/compiler-dom/__tests__/transforms/transformStyle.spec.ts
index aabe94d4c..89121c10a 100644
--- a/packages/compiler-dom/__tests__/transforms/transformStyle.spec.ts
+++ b/packages/compiler-dom/__tests__/transforms/transformStyle.spec.ts
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import {
   CompilerOptions,
   ElementNode,
   NodeTypes,
-  CallExpression
+  VNodeCall
 } from '@vue/compiler-core'
 import { transformBind } from '../../../compiler-core/src/transforms/vBind'
 import { transformElement } from '../../../compiler-core/src/transforms/transformElement'
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ describe('compiler: style transform', () => {
         bind: transformBind
       }
     })
-    expect((node.codegenNode as CallExpression).arguments[1]).toMatchObject({
+    expect((node.codegenNode as VNodeCall).props).toMatchObject({
       type: NodeTypes.JS_OBJECT_EXPRESSION,
       properties: [
         {
@@ -78,6 +78,6 @@ describe('compiler: style transform', () => {
       ]
     })
     // should not cause the STYLE patchFlag to be attached
-    expect((node.codegenNode as CallExpression).arguments.length).toBe(2)
+    expect((node.codegenNode as VNodeCall).patchFlag).toBeUndefined()
   })
 })
diff --git a/packages/compiler-dom/__tests__/transforms/vHtml.spec.ts b/packages/compiler-dom/__tests__/transforms/vHtml.spec.ts
index 7d81fcb4f..8c441cef0 100644
--- a/packages/compiler-dom/__tests__/transforms/vHtml.spec.ts
+++ b/packages/compiler-dom/__tests__/transforms/vHtml.spec.ts
@@ -29,15 +29,13 @@ describe('compiler: v-html transform', () => {
   it('should convert v-html to innerHTML', () => {
     const ast = transformWithVHtml(`<div v-html="test"/>`)
     expect((ast.children[0] as PlainElementNode).codegenNode).toMatchObject({
-      arguments: [
-        `"div"`,
-        createObjectMatcher({
-          innerHTML: `[test]`
-        }),
-        `null`,
-        genFlagText(PatchFlags.PROPS),
-        `["innerHTML"]`
-      ]
+      tag: `"div"`,
+      props: createObjectMatcher({
+        innerHTML: `[test]`
+      }),
+      children: undefined,
+      patchFlag: genFlagText(PatchFlags.PROPS),
+      dynamicProps: `["innerHTML"]`
     })
   })
 
@@ -50,15 +48,13 @@ describe('compiler: v-html transform', () => {
       [{ code: DOMErrorCodes.X_V_HTML_WITH_CHILDREN }]
     ])
     expect((ast.children[0] as PlainElementNode).codegenNode).toMatchObject({
-      arguments: [
-        `"div"`,
-        createObjectMatcher({
-          innerHTML: `[test]`
-        }),
-        `null`, // <-- children should have been removed
-        genFlagText(PatchFlags.PROPS),
-        `["innerHTML"]`
-      ]
+      tag: `"div"`,
+      props: createObjectMatcher({
+        innerHTML: `[test]`
+      }),
+      children: undefined, // <-- children should have been removed
+      patchFlag: genFlagText(PatchFlags.PROPS),
+      dynamicProps: `["innerHTML"]`
     })
   })
 
diff --git a/packages/compiler-dom/__tests__/transforms/vOn.spec.ts b/packages/compiler-dom/__tests__/transforms/vOn.spec.ts
index 806c80fed..80cfc30e7 100644
--- a/packages/compiler-dom/__tests__/transforms/vOn.spec.ts
+++ b/packages/compiler-dom/__tests__/transforms/vOn.spec.ts
@@ -4,8 +4,8 @@ import {
   CompilerOptions,
   ElementNode,
   ObjectExpression,
-  CallExpression,
-  NodeTypes
+  NodeTypes,
+  VNodeCall
 } from '@vue/compiler-core'
 import { transformOn } from '../../src/transforms/vOn'
 import { V_ON_WITH_MODIFIERS, V_ON_WITH_KEYS } from '../../src/runtimeHelpers'
@@ -24,8 +24,8 @@ function parseWithVOn(template: string, options: CompilerOptions = {}) {
   })
   return {
     root: ast,
-    props: (((ast.children[0] as ElementNode).codegenNode as CallExpression)
-      .arguments[1] as ObjectExpression).properties
+    props: (((ast.children[0] as ElementNode).codegenNode as VNodeCall)
+      .props as ObjectExpression).properties
   }
 }
 
@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ describe('compiler-dom: transform v-on', () => {
     })
     expect(root.cached).toBe(1)
     // should not treat cached handler as dynamicProp, so no flags
-    expect((root as any).children[0].codegenNode.arguments.length).toBe(2)
+    expect((root as any).children[0].codegenNode.patchFlag).toBeUndefined()
     expect(prop.value).toMatchObject({
       type: NodeTypes.JS_CACHE_EXPRESSION,
       index: 1,
diff --git a/packages/compiler-dom/__tests__/transforms/vText.spec.ts b/packages/compiler-dom/__tests__/transforms/vText.spec.ts
index 83f052cbd..de31fdd44 100644
--- a/packages/compiler-dom/__tests__/transforms/vText.spec.ts
+++ b/packages/compiler-dom/__tests__/transforms/vText.spec.ts
@@ -29,15 +29,13 @@ describe('compiler: v-text transform', () => {
   it('should convert v-text to textContent', () => {
     const ast = transformWithVText(`<div v-text="test"/>`)
     expect((ast.children[0] as PlainElementNode).codegenNode).toMatchObject({
-      arguments: [
-        `"div"`,
-        createObjectMatcher({
-          textContent: `[test]`
-        }),
-        `null`,
-        genFlagText(PatchFlags.PROPS),
-        `["textContent"]`
-      ]
+      tag: `"div"`,
+      props: createObjectMatcher({
+        textContent: `[test]`
+      }),
+      children: undefined,
+      patchFlag: genFlagText(PatchFlags.PROPS),
+      dynamicProps: `["textContent"]`
     })
   })
 
@@ -50,15 +48,13 @@ describe('compiler: v-text transform', () => {
       [{ code: DOMErrorCodes.X_V_TEXT_WITH_CHILDREN }]
     ])
     expect((ast.children[0] as PlainElementNode).codegenNode).toMatchObject({
-      arguments: [
-        `"div"`,
-        createObjectMatcher({
-          textContent: `[test]`
-        }),
-        `null`, // <-- children should have been removed
-        genFlagText(PatchFlags.PROPS),
-        `["textContent"]`
-      ]
+      tag: `"div"`,
+      props: createObjectMatcher({
+        textContent: `[test]`
+      }),
+      children: undefined, // <-- children should have been removed
+      patchFlag: genFlagText(PatchFlags.PROPS),
+      dynamicProps: `["textContent"]`
     })
   })
 
diff --git a/packages/compiler-sfc/__tests__/__snapshots__/compileTemplate.spec.ts.snap b/packages/compiler-sfc/__tests__/__snapshots__/compileTemplate.spec.ts.snap
index ba737d983..e6cfa21ec 100644
--- a/packages/compiler-sfc/__tests__/__snapshots__/compileTemplate.spec.ts.snap
+++ b/packages/compiler-sfc/__tests__/__snapshots__/compileTemplate.spec.ts.snap
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 exports[`source map 1`] = `
 Object {
-  "mappings": ";;;UAAA,cACE,aAA8B;IAAzB,aAAmB,4BAAbA,WAAM",
+  "mappings": ";;;wBACE,aAA8B;IAAzB,aAAmB,4BAAbA,WAAM",
   "names": Array [
     "render",
   ],
diff --git a/packages/compiler-sfc/__tests__/__snapshots__/templateTransformAssetUrl.spec.ts.snap b/packages/compiler-sfc/__tests__/__snapshots__/templateTransformAssetUrl.spec.ts.snap
index ce9bcef77..ddf319427 100644
--- a/packages/compiler-sfc/__tests__/__snapshots__/templateTransformAssetUrl.spec.ts.snap
+++ b/packages/compiler-sfc/__tests__/__snapshots__/templateTransformAssetUrl.spec.ts.snap
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // Jest Snapshot v1, https://goo.gl/fbAQLP
 
 exports[`compiler sfc: transform asset url support uri fragment 1`] = `
-"import { createVNode as _createVNode, createBlock as _createBlock, openBlock as _openBlock } from \\"vue\\"
+"import { createVNode as _createVNode, openBlock as _openBlock, createBlock as _createBlock } from \\"vue\\"
 import _imports_0 from '@svg/file.svg'
 
 
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ export function render(_ctx, _cache) {
 `;
 
 exports[`compiler sfc: transform asset url support uri is empty 1`] = `
-"import { createVNode as _createVNode, createBlock as _createBlock, openBlock as _openBlock } from \\"vue\\"
+"import { createVNode as _createVNode, openBlock as _openBlock, createBlock as _createBlock } from \\"vue\\"
 
 export function render(_ctx, _cache) {
   return (_openBlock(), _createBlock(\\"use\\", { href: '' }))
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ export function render(_ctx, _cache) {
 `;
 
 exports[`compiler sfc: transform asset url transform assetUrls 1`] = `
-"import { createVNode as _createVNode, createBlock as _createBlock, Fragment as _Fragment, openBlock as _openBlock } from \\"vue\\"
+"import { createVNode as _createVNode, Fragment as _Fragment, openBlock as _openBlock, createBlock as _createBlock } from \\"vue\\"
 import _imports_0 from './logo.png'
 import _imports_1 from 'fixtures/logo.png'
 
diff --git a/packages/compiler-sfc/__tests__/__snapshots__/templateTransformSrcset.spec.ts.snap b/packages/compiler-sfc/__tests__/__snapshots__/templateTransformSrcset.spec.ts.snap
index ca4220aba..dc0c5ee41 100644
--- a/packages/compiler-sfc/__tests__/__snapshots__/templateTransformSrcset.spec.ts.snap
+++ b/packages/compiler-sfc/__tests__/__snapshots__/templateTransformSrcset.spec.ts.snap
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // Jest Snapshot v1, https://goo.gl/fbAQLP
 
 exports[`compiler sfc: transform srcset transform srcset 1`] = `
-"import { createVNode as _createVNode, createBlock as _createBlock, Fragment as _Fragment, openBlock as _openBlock } from \\"vue\\"
+"import { createVNode as _createVNode, Fragment as _Fragment, openBlock as _openBlock, createBlock as _createBlock } from \\"vue\\"
 import _imports_0 from './logo.png'
 
 
diff --git a/packages/compiler-ssr/__tests__/ssrComponent.spec.ts b/packages/compiler-ssr/__tests__/ssrComponent.spec.ts
index 828741b69..2df79c4e0 100644
--- a/packages/compiler-ssr/__tests__/ssrComponent.spec.ts
+++ b/packages/compiler-ssr/__tests__/ssrComponent.spec.ts
@@ -209,7 +209,7 @@ describe('ssr: components', () => {
         </template>
       </foo>`).code
       ).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
-        "const { resolveComponent: _resolveComponent, renderList: _renderList, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock, Fragment: _Fragment, createVNode: _createVNode, createCommentVNode: _createCommentVNode } = require(\\"vue\\")
+        "const { resolveComponent: _resolveComponent, renderList: _renderList, Fragment: _Fragment, openBlock: _openBlock, createBlock: _createBlock, createVNode: _createVNode, createCommentVNode: _createCommentVNode } = require(\\"vue\\")
         const { ssrRenderComponent: _ssrRenderComponent, ssrRenderList: _ssrRenderList } = require(\\"@vue/server-renderer\\")
 
         return function ssrRender(_ctx, _push, _parent) {
@@ -229,13 +229,13 @@ describe('ssr: components', () => {
                 }
               } else {
                 return [
-                  (_openBlock(), (_ctx.ok)
-                    ? _createBlock(\\"div\\", { key: 0 }, [
+                  (_ctx.ok)
+                    ? (_openBlock(), _createBlock(\\"div\\", { key: 0 }, [
                         (_openBlock(true), _createBlock(_Fragment, null, _renderList(list, (i) => {
                           return (_openBlock(), _createBlock(\\"span\\"))
                         }), 256 /* UNKEYED_FRAGMENT */))
-                      ])
-                    : _createCommentVNode(\\"v-if\\", true))
+                      ]))
+                    : _createCommentVNode(\\"v-if\\", true)
                 ]
               }
             },
@@ -252,13 +252,13 @@ describe('ssr: components', () => {
                 }
               } else {
                 return [
-                  (_openBlock(), ok
-                    ? _createBlock(\\"div\\", { key: 0 }, [
+                  ok
+                    ? (_openBlock(), _createBlock(\\"div\\", { key: 0 }, [
                         (_openBlock(true), _createBlock(_Fragment, null, _renderList(_ctx.list, (i) => {
                           return (_openBlock(), _createBlock(\\"span\\"))
                         }), 256 /* UNKEYED_FRAGMENT */))
-                      ])
-                    : _createCommentVNode(\\"v-if\\", true))
+                      ]))
+                    : _createCommentVNode(\\"v-if\\", true)
                 ]
               }
             },
diff --git a/packages/vue/__tests__/svg.spec.ts b/packages/vue/__tests__/svgNamespace.spec.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/vue/__tests__/svg.spec.ts
rename to packages/vue/__tests__/svgNamespace.spec.ts