6.0 KiB
6.0 KiB
使用 Pygal 实现折线图可视化
原文：https://www.askpython.com/python-modules/line-chart-visualization-pygal
Python 有不同的可视化包，可以用来制作不同种类的图表、图形和绘图。Pygal 是一个开源 Python 包，它不仅可以生成高度交互的图形，还可以生成图形和图形的 SVG 图片，允许我们根据需要使用和修改它们。Pygal 非常灵活，只需要几行代码就可以生成图形。
也可阅读: 4 易绘图库为 Python 配实例
在本教程中，我们将探索可以使用PyGal创建的折线图可视化，以及如何以SVG格式下载。
在我们开始检查 pygal 之前，它必须安装有pip install pygal。安装后，我们将导入 pygal 进行可视化。
我们将使用下面的代码从一个简单的折线图开始我们的可视化。我们将从使用Line函数创建一个空折线图开始，并使用title属性设置图表的标题。
接下来，我们将随机设置x_labels，然后我们将为四种不同的编程语言制作折线图，并为每个折线图添加线标签和值。最后，我们将使用render_to_file方法保存并呈现 SVG 格式的绘图。
# Create an empty Line Chart
Line_Chart = pygal.Line()
# Set title of the Line Chart
Line_Chart.title = 'A demonstration of Line Chart using Pygal'
# Set x labels/values
Line_Chart.x_labels = map(str, range(2000, 2022))
# Adding Line Chart for each language popularity over the years
Line_Chart.add('Python', [None, None, 0, 16.1, 22, 30, 36.9, 45.1,
46.1, 42.33, 37.11, 38.5,50.78, 53.62, 55.37,
60.22, 60.5, 61.68, 68.65, 79.83, 80.25, 85.44])
Line_Chart.add('Kotlin', [None, None, None, None, None, None, 0, 3.5, 10.1,
23.1, 35.2,24.03, 46.53, 46.74, 47.31, 59.93,
16.11, 22.94, 23.56,1.86, 16.07])
Line_Chart.add('C++', [0.99, 7.15, 8.39, 9.78, 14.0, 25.66, 33.3, 35.8, 40.11,
54.92, 57.17, 60.14, 68.63, 73.11, 75.99, 79.37, 89.73,
90.82, 95.71,60.66,61.43, 64.94])
Line_Chart.add('Java', [14.1, 15.8, 15.1, 8.8, 8, 10.1, 18.4, 15.1, 16.6,
16.1, 17.4,19.27, 21.24, 29.29, 38.04, 43.24,
54.0, 62.55,11.28, 12.08, 13.19,29.35])
# Save the plot in svg format
Line_Chart.render_to_file('Line_Chart_Demo.svg')
Line Chart Pygal
我们还可以借助下面代码所示的HorizontalLine方法来可视化Horizontal Line Chart。其余的代码保持不变。
# Create an empty Line Chart
Line_Chart = pygal.HorizontalLine()
# Set title of the Line Chart
Line_Chart.title = 'A Horizontal Line Chart using Pygal'
# Set x labels/values
Line_Chart.x_labels = map(str, range(2000, 2022))
# Adding Line Chart for each language popularity over the years
Line_Chart.add('Python', [None, None, 0, 16.1, 22, 30, 36.9, 45.1,
46.1, 42.33, 37.11, 38.5,50.78, 53.62, 55.37,
60.22, 60.5, 61.68, 68.65, 79.83, 80.25, 85.44])
Line_Chart.add('Kotlin', [None, None, None, None, None, None, 0, 3.5, 10.1,
23.1, 35.2,24.03, 46.53, 46.74, 47.31, 59.93,
16.11, 22.94, 23.56,1.86, 16.07])
Line_Chart.add('C++', [0.99, 7.15, 8.39, 9.78, 14.0, 25.66, 33.3, 35.8, 40.11,
54.92, 57.17, 60.14, 68.63, 73.11, 75.99, 79.37, 89.73,
90.82, 95.71,60.66,61.43, 64.94])
Line_Chart.add('Java', [14.1, 15.8, 15.1, 8.8, 8, 10.1, 18.4, 15.1, 16.6,
16.1, 17.4,19.27, 21.24, 29.29, 38.04, 43.24,
54.0, 62.55,11.28, 12.08, 13.19,29.35])
# Save the plot in svg format
Line_Chart.render_to_file('Horizontal_Line_Chart_Demo.svg')
Horizontal Line Chart Pygal
我们还可以借助下面代码所示的StackedLine方法来可视化Stacked Line Chart。我们可以通过一个属性fill作为True来填充线条剧情，有创意！
# Create an empty Line Chart
Line_Chart = pygal.StackedLine(fill=True)
# Set title of the Line Chart
Line_Chart.title = 'A Stacked Line Chart (Filled) using Pygal'
# Set x labels/values
Line_Chart.x_labels = map(str, range(2000, 2022))
# Adding Line Chart for each language popularity over the years
Line_Chart.add('Python', [None, None, 0, 16.1, 22, 30, 36.9, 45.1,
46.1, 42.33, 37.11, 38.5,50.78, 53.62, 55.37,
60.22, 60.5, 61.68, 68.65, 79.83, 80.25, 85.44])
Line_Chart.add('Kotlin', [None, None, None, None, None, None, 0, 3.5, 10.1,
23.1, 35.2,24.03, 46.53, 46.74, 47.31, 59.93,
16.11, 22.94, 23.56,1.86, 16.07])
Line_Chart.add('C++', [0.99, 7.15, 8.39, 9.78, 14.0, 25.66, 33.3, 35.8, 40.11,
54.92, 57.17, 60.14, 68.63, 73.11, 75.99, 79.37, 89.73,
90.82, 95.71,60.66,61.43, 64.94])
Line_Chart.add('Java', [14.1, 15.8, 15.1, 8.8, 8, 10.1, 18.4, 15.1, 16.6,
16.1, 17.4,19.27, 21.24, 29.29, 38.04, 43.24,
54.0, 62.55,11.28, 12.08, 13.19,29.35])
# Save the plot in svg format
Line_Chart.render_to_file('Stacked_Filled_Line_Chart_Demo.svg')
Stacked Filled Line Chart Pygal
我希望你通过这篇教程学到了一些新的有趣的东西。 感谢您的阅读！
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