grafana/docs/sources/shared/datasources/sql-query-builder-macros.md

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Macros

You can enable macros support in the select clause to create time-series queries.

Use the Data operations drop-down to select a macro like $__timeGroup or $__timeGroupAlias. Select a time column from the Column drop-down and a time interval from the Interval drop-down to create a time-series query.

{{< figure src="/media/docs/grafana/data-sources/screenshot-sql-builder-time-series-query.png" class="docs-image--no-shadow" caption="SQL query builder time-series query" >}}

You can also add custom value to the Data operations. For example, a function that's not in the drop-down list. This allows you to add any number of parameters.