Before this change, the following properties could be used to manipulate
Spring profile behavior:
-DspringProfiles=p1,p2
-DdefaultSpringProfile=pD
These properties have been renamed to follow usual Java conventions for
property naming:
-Dspring.profile.active=p1,p2
-Dspring.profile.default=pD
'default' is now a reserved profile name, indicating
that any beans defined within that profile will be registered
unless another profile or profiles have been activated.
Examples below are expressed in XML, but apply equally when
using the @Profile annotation.
EXAMPLE 1:
<beans>
<beans profile="default">
<bean id="foo" class="com.acme.EmbeddedFooImpl"/>
</beans>
<beans profile="production">
<bean id="foo" class="com.acme.ProdFooImpl"/>
</beans>
</beans>
In the case above, the EmbeddedFooImpl 'foo' bean will be
registered if:
a) no profile is active
b) the 'default' profile has explicitly been made active
The ProdFooImpl 'foo' bean will be registered if the 'production'
profile is active.
EXAMPLE 2:
<beans profile="default,xyz">
<bean id="foo" class="java.lang.String"/>
</beans>
Bean 'foo' will be registered if any of the following are true:
a) no profile is active
b) 'xyz' profile is active
c) 'default' profile has explicitly been made active
d) both (b) and (c) are true
Note that the default profile is not to be confused with specifying no
profile at all. When the default profile is specified, beans are
registered only if no other profiles are active; whereas when no profile
is specified, bean definitions are always registered regardless of which
profiles are active.
The default profile may be configured programmatically:
environmnent.setDefaultProfile("embedded");
or declaratively through any registered PropertySource, e.g. system properties:
-DdefaultSpringProfile=embedded
Assuming either of the above, example 1 could be rewritten as follows:
<beans>
<beans profile="embedded">
<bean id="foo" class="com.acme.EmbeddedFooImpl"/>
</beans>
<beans profile="production">
<bean id="foo" class="com.acme.ProdFooImpl"/>
</beans>
</beans>
It is unlikely that use of the default profile will make sense in
conjunction with a statically specified 'springProfiles' property.
For example, if 'springProfiles' is specified as a web.xml context
param, that profile will always be active for that application,
negating the possibility of default profile bean definitions ever
being registered.
The default profile is most useful for ensuring that a valid set of
bean definitions will always be registered without forcing users
to explictly specify active profiles. In the embedded vs. production
examples above, it is assumed that the application JVM will be started
with -DspringProfiles=production when the application is in fact in
a production environment. Otherwise, the embedded/default profile bean
definitions will always be registered.
Earlier naming reflected initial conception of 'environment-specific
bean definitions'. This notion has evolved into bean definitions
specific to particular profiles, and the new naming more clearly
expresses it.
Branch in question is 'env' branch from git://git.springsource.org/sandbox/cbeams.git; merged into
git-svn repository with:
git merge -s recursive -Xtheirs --no-commit env
No merge conflicts, but did need to
git rm spring-build
prior to committing.
With this change, Spring 3.1.0 development is now happening on SVN
trunk. Further commits to the 3.0.x line will happen in an as-yet
uncreated SVN branch. 3.1.0 snapshots will be available
per the usual nightly CI build from trunk.
Chris Beams
David Syer
Arjen Poutsma
Costin Leau
Juergen Hoeller
Ramnivas Laddad
Thomas Risberg