This commit introduces a new loadContextForAotProcessing(...) variant
in AotContextLoader which accepts a RuntimeHints argument. This new
method is an interface default method which delegates to the existing
loadContextForAotProcessing(MergedContextConfiguration) variant for
backward compatibility.
In addition, the original loadContextForAotProcessing(...) variant is
now deprecated and has been converted to an interface default method
which throws an UnsupportedOperationException.
Note, however, that the framework now only invokes the new
loadContextForAotProcessing(...) variant within TestContextAotGenerator.
Closes gh-34513
Prior to this commit, `MockHttpServletResponse` would only support
adding a `Content-Language` once. Adding multiple header values would
always replace the content-language property in the response and the
entire header value.
This commit ensures that this behavior is supported.
Fixes gh-34488
This commit revisits the behavior of our `MockHttpServletResponse`
implementation with the javadoc clarifications applied in Servlet 6.1.
Prior to this change, adding or setting an HTTP response header with a
`null` name or value would not have the expected behavior:
* a `null` name should have no effect instead of throwing exceptions
* a `null` value when setting a header effectively removes the entry
from the response headers
Also, this commit ensures that `IllegalStateException` are thrown if
`getWriter` is called after a previous `getOutputStream` (and vice
versa).
Closes gh-34467
Prior to this commit, `MockHttpServletResponse#setHeader` would not
remove the header entry when given a `null` value, as documented in the
Servlet API.
This commit ensures that this behavior is enforced.
Fixes gh-34464
This commit adds missing `@since` tags for formField() and formFields in
MockHttpServletRequestDsl. See gh-34412 related issue.
Closes gh-34448
Signed-off-by: Johnny Lim <izeye@naver.com>
Prior to this commit, @MockitoSpyBean could only be declared on fields
within test classes, which prevented developers from being able to
easily reuse spy configuration across a test suite.
With this commit, @MockitoSpyBean is now supported at the type level
on test classes, their superclasses, and interfaces implemented by
those classes. @MockitoSpyBean is also supported on enclosing classes
for @Nested test classes, their superclasses, and interfaces
implemented by those classes, while honoring @NestedTestConfiguration
semantics.
In addition, @MockitoSpyBean:
- has a new `types` attribute that can be used to declare the type or
types to spy when @MockitoSpyBean is declared at the type level
- can be declared as a repeatable annotation at the type level
- can be declared as a meta-annotation on a custom composed annotation
which can be reused across a test suite (see the @SharedSpies
example in the reference manual)
To support these new features, this commit also includes the following
changes.
- MockitoSpyBeanOverrideProcessor has been revised to support
@MockitoSpyBean at the type level.
- The "Bean Overriding in Tests" and "@MockitoBean and
@MockitoSpyBean" sections of the reference manual have been fully
revised.
See gh-34408
Closes gh-33925
Prior to this commit, the order values of TestExecutionListener
implementations were hard-coded in their getOrder() methods.
To benefit users and integrators, this commit exposes those order values
as an ORDER constant in each TestExecutionListener.
See gh-34225
Closes gh-34404
Changes made to the Bean Override search algorithms in commit
9181cce65f resulted in a regression that caused tests to start failing
due to duplicate BeanOverrideHandlers under the following circumstances.
- An enclosing class (typically a top-level test class) declares a
@BeanOverride such as @MockitoBean.
- An inner class is declared in that enclosing class.
- A @Nested test class which extends that inner class is declared in
the same enclosing class.
The reason for the duplicate detection is that the current search
algorithm visits the common enclosing class twice.
To address that, this commit revises the search algorithm in
BeanOverrideHandler so that enclosing classes are only visited once.
See gh-33925
Closes gh-34324
Prior to this commit, test bean overrides (for example, @MockitoBean,
@TestBean, etc.) eagerly honored the name of the annotated field as a
fallback qualifier, effectively ignoring @Primary and @Fallback
semantics for certain use cases.
This led to situations where a bean override for a test would select a
different bean than the core container would for the same autowiring
metadata.
To address that, this commit revises the implementation of
BeanOverrideBeanFactoryPostProcessor so that @Primary and @Fallback
semantics are consistently honored before attempting to use the
annotated field's name as a fallback qualifier.
Closes gh-34374
Prior to this commit, @MockitoBean could only be declared on fields
within test classes, which prevented developers from being able to
easily reuse mock configuration across a test suite.
With this commit, @MockitoBean is now supported at the type level on
test classes, their superclasses, and interfaces implemented by those
classes. @MockitoBean is also supported on enclosing classes for
@Nested test classes, their superclasses, and interfaces implemented
by those classes, while honoring @NestedTestConfiguration semantics.
In addition, @MockitoBean:
- has a new `types` attribute that can be used to declare the type or
types to mock when @MockitoBean is declared at the type level
- can be declared as a repeatable annotation at the type level
- can be declared as a meta-annotation on a custom composed annotation
which can be reused across a test suite (see the @SharedMocks
example in the reference manual)
To support these new features, this commit also includes the following
changes.
- The `field` property in BeanOverrideHandler is now @Nullable.
- BeanOverrideProcessor has a new `default` createHandlers() method
which is invoked when a @BeanOverride annotation is found at the
type level.
- MockitoBeanOverrideProcessor implements the new createHandlers()
method.
- The internal findHandlers() method in BeanOverrideHandler has been
completely overhauled.
- The @MockitoBean and @MockitoSpyBean section of the reference
manual has been completely overhauled.
Closes gh-33925
As of gh-33847, method and field introspection is included by default
when a type is registered for reflection.
Many methods in ReflectionHintsPredicates are now mostly useless as their
default behavior checks for introspection.
This commit deprecates those methods and promotes instead invocation
variants. During the upgrade, developers should replace it for an
`onType` check if only reflection is required. If they were checking for
invocation, they should use the new 'onXInvocation` method.
Closes gh-34239
Code that compiles against the non-deprecated version does not see the
new constructor that has been introduced. As such, there is no way for
them to migrate to it without resorting to reflection.
This commit restores the deprecated constructor so that people can try
the latest version more easily.
Closes gh-34238
Prior to this commit, the search algorithm used to locate a @TestBean
factory method within a test class hierarchy incorrectly found factory
methods declared in subclasses or nested test classes "below" the class
in which the @TestBean field was declared. This resulted in "duplicate
bean override" failures for @TestBean overrides which are clearly not
duplicates but rather "overrides of an override".
This commit ensures that @TestBean factory method resolution is
consistent in type hierarchies as well as in enclosing class
hierarchies (for @Nested test classes) by beginning the search for a
factory method in the class which declares the @TestBean field.
Closes gh-34204
Prior to this commit, a @BeanOverride (such as @TestBean) for a
specific target bean which was declared in a superclass always took
precedence over a bean override for the same target bean in a subclass,
thereby rendering the bean override configuration in the subclass
useless. In other words, there was no way for a test class to override
a bean override declared in a superclass.
To address that, this commit switches from direct use of
ReflectionUtils.doWithFields() to a custom search algorithm that
traverses the class hierarchy using tail recursion for processing
@BeanOverride fields (delegating now to
ReflectionUtils.doWithLocalFields() in order to continue to benefit
from the caching of declared fields in ReflectionUtils).
Closes gh-34194
This change ensures that a request containing query parameters in the
array format `someArray[]=value` can be bound into a simple array in
constructors, even for cases where the array values don't have nested
properties.
The value resolver is directly called in the constructor case, before
any mutable properties are considered or even cleared (see
`WebDataBinder#adaptEmptyArrayIndices` method). As a result, we need to
accommodate the possibility that the request stores array elements under
the `name[]` key rather than `name`. This change attempts a secondary
lookup with the `[]` suffix if the type is a list or array, and the key
doesn't include an index.
Closes gh-34121
This change ensures that DataBinder can bind constructor with a Map
parameter that has no nested properties, but just simple values like
a String: `someMap[0]=exampleString`.
Integration tests have been added to cover similar cases that use the
ServletRequestDataBinder.
Closes gh-34043
This change removes the `MultiValueMap` nature of `HttpHeaders`, since
it inherits APIs that do not align well with underlying server
implementations. Notably, methods that allows to iterate over the whole
collection of headers are susceptible to artificially introduced
duplicates when multiple casings are used for a given header, depending
on the underlying implementation.
This change includes a dedicated key set implementation to support
iterator-based removal, and either keeps map method implementations that
are relevant or introduces header-focused methods that have a similar
responsibility (like `hasHeaderValues(String, List)` and
`containsHeaderValue(String, String)`).
In order to nudge users away from using an HttpHeaders as a Map, the
`asSingleValueMap` view is deprecated. In order to offer an escape
hatch to users that do make use of the `MultiValueMap` API, a similar
`asMultiValueMap` view is introduced but is immediately marked as
deprecated.
This change also adds map-like but header-focused assertions to
`HttpHeadersAssert`, since it cannot extend `AbstractMapAssert` anymore.
Closes gh-33913
This commit updates the whole Spring Framework codebase to use JSpecify
annotations instead of Spring null-safety annotations with JSR 305
semantics.
JSpecify provides signficant enhancements such as properly defined
specifications, a canonical dependency with no split-package issue,
better tooling, better Kotlin integration and the capability to specify
generic type, array and varargs element null-safety. Generic type
null-safety is not defined by this commit yet and will be specified
later.
A key difference is that Spring null-safety annotations, following
JSR 305 semantics, apply to fields, parameters and return values,
while JSpecify annotations apply to type usages. That's why this
commit moves nullability annotations closer to the type for fields
and return values.
See gh-28797
Prior to this commit, `MockMvc` would support checking for the Servlet
error message as the "response status reason". While this error message
can be driven with the `@ResponseStatus` annotation, this message is not
technically the HTTP status reason listed on the response status line.
This message is provided by the Servlet container in the error page when
the `response.sendError(int, String)` method is used.
This commit adds the missing
`mvc.get().uri("/error/message")).hasErrorMessage("error message")`
assertion to check for this Servlet error message.
Closes gh-34016
It is currently possible for one Bean Override to override another
logically equivalent Bean Override.
For example, a @TestBean can override a @MockitoBean, and vice versa.
In fact, it's also possible for a @MockitoBean to override another
@MockitoBean, for a @TestBean to override a @TestBean, etc.
However, there may be viable use cases for one override overriding
another override. For example, one may have a need to spy on a bean
created by a @TestBean factory method.
In light of that, we do not prohibit one Bean Override from overriding
another Bean Override; however, with this commit we now log a warning
to help developers diagnose issues in case such an override is
unintentional.
For example, given the following test class, where TestConfig registers
a single bean of type MyService named "myService"...
@SpringJUnitConfig(TestConfig.class)
class MyTests {
@TestBean(methodName = "example.TestUtils#createMyService")
MyService testService;
@MockitoBean
MyService mockService;
@Test
void test() {
// ...
}
}
... running that test class results in a log message similar to the
following, which has been formatted for readability.
WARN - Bean with name 'myService' was overridden by multiple handlers:
[
[TestBeanOverrideHandler@44b21f9f
field = example.MyService example.MyTests.testService,
beanType = example.MyService,
beanName = [null],
strategy = REPLACE_OR_CREATE
],
[MockitoBeanOverrideHandler@7ee8130e
field = example.MyService example.MyTests.mockService,
beanType = example.MyService,
beanName = [null],
strategy = REPLACE_OR_CREATE,
reset = AFTER,
extraInterfaces = set[[empty]],
answers = RETURNS_DEFAULTS, serializable = false
]
]
NOTE: The last registered BeanOverrideHandler wins. In the above
example, that means that @MockitoBean overrides @TestBean, resulting
in a Mockito mock for the MyService bean in the test's
ApplicationContext.
Closes gh-34056
Prior to this commit, the Bean Override feature in the Spring
TestContext Framework (for annotations such as @MockitoBean and
@TestBean) silently allowed one bean override to override another
"identical" bean override; however, Spring Boot's @MockBean and
@SpyBean support preemptively rejects identical overrides and throws
an IllegalStateException to signal the configuration error to the user.
To align with the behavior of @MockBean and @SpyBean in Spring Boot,
and to help developers avoid scenarios that are potentially confusing
or difficult to debug, this commit rejects identical bean overrides in
the Spring TestContext Framework.
Note, however, that it is still possible for a bean override to
override a logically equivalent bean override. For example, a
@TestBean can override a @MockitoBean, and vice versa.
Closes gh-34054
To make an analogy to read phenomena for transactional databases, this
commit effectively fixes the "Phantom Read" problem for Bean Overrides.
A phantom read occurs when the BeanOverrideBeanFactoryPostProcessor
retrieves a set of bean names by-type twice and a new bean definition
for a compatible type has been created in the BeanFactory by a
BeanOverrideHandler between the first and second retrieval.
Continue reading for the details...
Prior to this commit, the injection of test Bean Overrides (for
example, when using @MockitoBean) could fail in certain scenarios if
overrides were created for nonexistent beans "by type" without an
explicit name or qualifier. Specifically, if an override for a SubType
was created first, and subsequently an attempt was made to create an
override for a SuperType (where SubType extends SuperType), the
override for the SuperType would "override the override" for the
SubType, effectively removing the override for the SubType.
Consequently, injection of the override instance into the SubType field
would fail with an error message similar to the following.
BeanNotOfRequiredTypeException: Bean named 'Subtype#0' is expected to
be of type 'Subtype' but was actually of type 'Supertype$Mock$XHb7Aspo'
This commit addresses this issue by tracking all generated bean names
(in a generatedBeanNames set) and ensuring that a new bean override
instance is created for the current BeanOverrideHandler if a previous
BeanOverrideHandler already created a bean override instance that now
matches the type required by the current BeanOverrideHandler.
In other words, if the generatedBeanNames set already contains the
beanName that we just found by-type, we cannot "override the override",
because we would lose one of the overrides. Instead, we must create a
new override for the current handler. In the example given above, we
must end up with overrides for both SuperType and SubType.
Closes gh-34025
Includes removal of ManagedBean and javax.annotation legacy support.
Includes AbstractJson(Http)MessageConverter revision for Yasson 3.0.
Includes initial Hibernate ORM 7.0 upgrade.
Closes gh-34011
Closes gh-33750
This commit adapts AOT support in various modules after the RuntimeHints
and related deprecation changes.
`MemberCategory.INTROSPECT_*` hints are now removed and
`MemberCategory.*_FIELDS` are replaced with
`MemberCategory.INVOKE*_FIELDS` when invocation is needed.
Usage of `RuntimeHintsAgent` are also deprecated.
Closes gh-33847
As a follow up to commit 0088b9c7f8, this commit introduces an
integration test which verifies that a spy created via @MockitoSpyBean
using the MockReset.AFTER strategy is not reset between the refresh of
the ApplicationContext and the first use of the spy within a @Test
method.
See gh-33941
See gh-33986
Commit 6c2cba5d8a introduced a regression by inadvertently removing the
MockReset strategy comparison when resetting @MockitoBean and
@MockitoSpyBean mocks.
This commit reinstates the MockReset strategy check and introduces
tests for this feature.
Closes gh-33941
This commit upgrades our Mock Servlet classes for Servlet 6.1 support:
* the read/write `ByteBuffer` variants for `ServletInputStream` and
`ServletOutputStream` were not added as the default implementation
matches well the testing use case.
* Implement the session accessor with a simple lambda. Our mocks do not
simulate the scheduling of request/response processing on different
threads.
* Ensure that the response content length can only be written before the
response is committed. Calling those methods after commit is a no-op,
per specification.
Closes gh-33749
This commit makes it clear that there are no visibility requirements
for @TestBean fields or factory methods as well as @MockitoBean or
@MockitoSpyBean fields.
Closes gh-33923
This commit updates the Spring Framework baseline for the Servlet, JSP
and WebSocket APIs.
This also removes the previously deprecated APIs in JSP `PageContext`
and guards against the deprecation of the `PushBuilder` API.
See gh-33918
This commit introduces a TestBeanReflectiveProcessor that registers
GraalVM native image reflection hints for a fully-qualified method name
configured via @TestBean.
Closes gh-33836
Prior to this commit, the static factory methods in MockReset (such as
MockReset.before() and MockReset.after()) could only be applied to
beans within the ApplicationContext if the test class declared at least
one field annotated with either @MockitoBean or @MockitoSpyBean.
However, the Javadoc states that it should be possible to apply
MockReset directly to any mock in the ApplicationContext using the
static methods in MockReset.
To address that, this commit reworks the "enabled" logic in
MockitoResetTestExecutionListener as follows.
- We no longer check for the presence of annotations from the
org.springframework.test.context.bean.override.mockito package to
determine if MockReset is enabled.
- Instead, we now rely on a new isEnabled() method to determine if
MockReset is enabled.
The logic in the isEnabled() method still relies on the mockitoPresent
flag as an initial check; however, mockitoPresent only determines if
Mockito is present in the classpath. It does not determine if Mockito
can actually be used. For example, it does not detect if the necessary
reachability metadata has been registered to use Mockito within a
GraalVM native image.
To address that last point, the isEnabled() method performs an
additional check to determine if Mockito can be used in the current
environment. Specifically, it invokes Mockito.mockingDetails().isMock()
which in turn initializes core Mockito classes without actually
attempting to create a mock. If that fails, that means that Mockito
cannot actually be used in the current environment, which typically
indicates that GraalVM reachability metadata has not been registered
for the org.mockito.plugins.MockMaker in use (such as the
ProxyMockMaker).
In addition, isEnabled() lazily determines if Mockito can be
initialized, since attempting to detect that during static
initialization results in a GraalVM native image error stating that
Mockito internals were "unintentionally initialized at build time".
If Mockito cannot be initialized, MockitoResetTestExecutionListener
logs a DEBUG level message providing access to the corresponding stack
trace, and MockReset support is disabled.
Closes gh-33829
This commit verifies that MockReset.before() and MockReset.after() are
supported for beans within the ApplicationContext.
However, the test class must declare a field annotated with either
@MockitoBean or @MockitoSpyBean in order for the MockReset feature to
be triggered.
See gh-33742
Spring Boot has honored @Primary for selecting which candidate bean
@MockBean and @SpyBean should mock or spy since Spring Boot 1.4.3;
however, the support for @Primary was not ported from Spring Boot to
Spring Framework's new Bean Overrides feature in the TestContext
framework.
To address that, this commit introduces support for @Primary for
selecting bean overrides -- for example, for annotations such as
@TestBean, @MockitoBean, and @MockitoSpyBean.
See https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/issues/7621
Closes gh-33819
This commit introduces integration tests which verify that Bean
Overrides (for example, @MockitoBean and @MockitoSpyBean) can select
a single candidate bean to override when there are multiple candidates
that match the required type.
To "select" the desired bean, these tests rely on one of the following.
- explicit bean name in the bean override annotation
- explicit @Qualifier on the bean override field
- explicit @Primary on one of the candidate beans
However, the @Primary tests are currently @Disabled until @Primary
is honored in the Spring TestContext Framework.
See gh-33742
Previously, we only looked at the OBJECT_TYPE_ATTRIBUTE on a
FactoryBean's bean definition; however this does not work for
situations where the information is provided by the definition's target
type rather than the attribute.
Rather than manually considering the target type in addition to the
existing consideration of the attribute, we now ask the BeanFactory for
the type that will be produced by the FactoryBean instead.
See https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/issues/40234
Closes gh-33811
Co-authored-by: Andy Wilkinson <andy.wilkinson@broadcom.com>
This commit introduces a test which verifies that @MockitoSpyBean on a
field with generics can be used to replace an existing bean with
matching generics that's produced by a FactoryBean that's
programmatically registered via an ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar.
However, the test is currently @Disabled until the fix for
https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/issues/40234 has been
ported to Spring Framework.
See gh-33742
In gh-33602, we introduced strict singleton enforcement for bean
overrides -- for example, for @MockitoBean, @TestBean, etc. However,
the use of BeanFactory#isSingleton(beanName) can result in a
BeanCreationException for certain beans, such as a Spring Data JPA
FactoryBean for a JpaRepository.
In light of that, this commit relaxes the singleton enforcement in
BeanOverrideBeanFactoryPostProcessor by only checking the result of
BeanDefinition#isSingleton() for existing bean definitions.
This commit also updates the Javadoc and reference documentation to
reflect the status quo.
See gh-33602
Closes gh-33800
This commit removes the proxyTargetAware attribute from @MockitoSpyBean
while keeping the underlying feature in tact (i.e., transparent
verification for spies created via @MockitoSpyBean).
Closes gh-33775
Prior to this commit, SpringAopBypassingVerificationStartedListener
provided partial support for transparent verification for Mockito spies
created via @MockitoSpyBean when the spy is wrapped in a Spring AOP
proxy. However, attempting to actually verify invocations for a spy
resulted in an exception from Mockito since MockUtil.isMock() returned
false in such scenarios.
This commit addresses that by introducing a SpringMockResolver that
resolves mocks by walking the Spring AOP proxy chain until the target
or a non-static proxy is found.
SpringMockResolver is automatically registered whenever the spring-test
JAR is on the classpath, allowing Mockito to transparently resolve mocks
wrapped in Spring AOP proxies.
Closes gh-33774
Prior to this commit, OverrideMetadata was the only public type in the
org.springframework.test.context.bean.override package whose name did
not start with BeanOverride. In addition, an OverrideMetadata component
plays multiple roles in addition to serving as a holder for metadata.
This commit therefore renames OverrideMetadata to BeanOverrideHandler.
In addition, this commit updates the affected documentation and renames
the following related methods in the Bean Override support.
- BeanOverrideHandler: createOverride() -> createOverrideInstance()
- BeanOverrideHandler: track() -> trackOverrideInstance()
- BeanOverrideProcessor: createMetadata() -> createHandler()
- BeanOverrideContextCustomizer: getMetadata() -> getBeanOverrideHandlers()
- BeanOverrideRegistrar: registerNameForMetadata() -> registerBeanOverrideHandler()
- BeanOverrideRegistrar: markWrapEarly() -> registerWrappingBeanOverrideHandler()
Closes gh-33702
This change remove the support for Mockito annotations, `MockitoSession`
and opening/closing of mocks that was inherited from Boot's `@MockBean`
support, as well as the switch to `MockitoSession` made in 1c893e6.
Attempting to take responsability for things Mockito's own JUnit
Jupiter extension does better is not ideal, and we found it leads to
several corner cases which make `SpringExtension` and `MockitoExtension`
incompatible in the current approach.
Instead, this change refocuses our Mockito bean overriding support
exclusively on aspects specific to the Framework. `MockitoExtension`
will thus be usable in conjunction with `SpringExtension` if one needs
to use `@Captor`/`@InitMocks`/`@Mock`/`@Spy` or other Mockito utilities.
See gh-33318
Closes gh-33692
Prior to this commit, the MockitoResetTestExecutionListener failed to
reset mocks created via @MockitoBean if the @MockitoBean field was
declared in an enclosing class for a @Nested test class. In addition,
the MockitoSession was not properly managed by the
MockitoTestExecutionListener.
This commit addresses those issue as follows.
1) The hasMockitoAnnotations() utility method has been overhauled so
that it finds Mockito annotations not only on the current test class
and on fields of the current test class but also on interfaces,
superclasses, and enclosing classes for @Nested test classes as well
as on fields of superclasses and enclosing classes.
That allows the MockitoResetTestExecutionListener to properly detect
that it needs to reset mocks for fields declared in enclosing classes
for @Nested classes.
2) MockitoTestExecutionListener has been revised so that it only
initializes a MockitoSession before each test method and closes the
MockitoSession after each test method. In addition, it now only manages
the MockitoSession when hasMockitoAnnotations() returns true for the
current test class (which may be a @Nested test class). Furthermore,
it no longer attempts to initialize a MockitoSession during the
prepareTestInstance() callback since that results in an
UnfinishedMockingSessionException for a @Nested test class due to the
fact that a MockitoSession was already created for the current thread
for the enclosing test class.
Closes gh-33676
This commit improves the user experience for common use cases by
introducing new `value` attributes in @MockitoBean and
@MockitoSpyBean that are aliases for the existing `name` attributes.
For example, this allows developers to declare
@MockitoBean("userService") instead of @MockitoBean(name =
"userService"), analogous to the existing name/value alias support in
@TestBean.
Closes gh-33680
Based on feedback from the Spring Boot team, we have decided to change
the default values for the enforceOverride flags in @TestBean and
@MockitoBean from true to false.
Closes gh-33613
This commit simplifies the field injection logic for Bean Overrides in
order to align with the semantics of the core container and the Spring
TestContext Framework.
Closes gh-33677
Sam Brannen
Johnny Lim
Brian Clozel
Sébastien Deleuze
Kevin Houtz
rstoyanchev
Mengqi Xu
Yanming Zhou
Simon Baslé
Stéphane Nicoll
Sébastien Deleuze
Juergen Hoeller
boiarshinov
Hejow
Tran Ngoc Nhan